Beyond means to meaning: Using distributions of shell shapes to reconstruct past collecting strategies

Environmental Archaeology

Volumn 13, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 111-121

  Campbell, Greg ^a  

^a NONE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Archaeology; Methods; Morphology; Shellfish

Indexed keywords

EID: 62949182111     PISSN: 14614103     EISSN: 17496314     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1179/174963108X343236     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Andrews, M. V., Gilbertson, D. D., Kent, M. and Mellars, P. A. 1985. Biometric studies of morphological variation in the intertidal gastropod Nucella lapillus (L.): environmental and palaeoeconomic significance. Journal of Biogeography 12, 71-87.
2. Bailey, G. N. and Craighead, A. S. 2003. Late Pleistocene and Holocene coastal palaeoeconomies: a reconsideration of the molluscan evidence from northern Spain. Geoarchaeology 18(2), 175-204.
3. Bar-Yosef Mayer, D. (ed.) 2005. Archaeomalacology: Molluscs in Former Environments of Human Behaviour (Proceedings of the 9th ICAZ Conference, Durham, 2002). Oxford: Oxbow Books.
4. Baxter, J. M. 1983. Allometric relationships of Patella vulgata L. shell characters at three adjacent sites at Sandwick Bay in Orkney. Journal of Natural History 17, 743-55.
5. Berrou, V., Merle, D., Dommergues, J.-L., Crônier, C. and Néraudeau, D. 2004. Comparative morphology of Pliocene, Quaternary and recent shells of Ocenebra erinaceus (Linnaeus, 1758) and O. brevirobusta Houart, 2000 (Mollusca, Muricidae, Ocenebrinae): reflections on the intra- and interspecific variations. Geodiversitas 26(2), 263-95.
6. Bhan, K. K., Sonawane, V. H., Ajithprasad, P. and Pratapchandran, S. 2005. A Harappan trading and craft production centre at Gola Dhoro (Bagasra). Antiquity 79, 304.
7. Branch, G. M. and Moreno, C. A. 1994. Intertidal and subtidal grazers, pp. 75-100 in Siegfried, W. R. (ed.), Rocky Shores: Exploitation in Chile and South Africa. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
8. Cabral, J. P. and da Silva, A. C. F. 2003. Morphometric analysis of limpets from an Iron-Age shell midden found in northwest Portugal. Journal of Archaeological Science 30, 817-29.
9. Campbell, G. 2002. Marine shell, pp. 260-61 in Kamash, Z., Wilkinson, D. R. P., Ford, B. M. and Hiller, J. (eds.), Late Saxon and medieval occupation: evidence from excavations at Lincoln College, Oxford 1997-2000. Oxoniensia 67, 199-286.
10. Campbell, G. 2007. Appendix G: The marine mollusc remains, in Galliou, P. and Cunliffe, B. (eds.), Les Fouilles du Yaudet en Ploulec'h, Cotes d'Armor 3. http:// www.arch.ox.ac.uk/research/research-projects/le-yaudet/appendices
11. Canti, M. G. 1991. Soil Particle Size Analysis: A Revised Interpretative Guide for Excavators (Ancient Monuments Laboratory Report 1/91). London: English Heritage.
12. Cerrato, R. M. 1980. Demographic analysis of bivalve populations, pp. 417-64 in Rhoads, D. C. and Lutz, R. A. (eds.), Skeletal Growth of Aquatic Organisms: Biological Records of Environmental Change. London: Plenum Press.
13. Claasen, C. 1998. Shells (Cambridge Manuals in Archaeology). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
14. Crothers, J. H. 1973. On variation in Nucella lapillus (L.): shell shape in populations from Pembrokeshire, South Wales. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 40, 319-27.
15. Crothers, J. H. 1992. Shell size and shape variation in Littorina littorea (L.) from west Somerset, pp. 91-97 in Grahame, J., Mill, P. J. and Reid, D. G. (eds.), Proceedings of the Third International Symposium in Littorinid Biology. London: The Malacological Society of London.
16. Davies, P. S. 1969. Effect of environment on metabolic activity and morphology of Mediterranean and British species of Patella. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli 37, 641-56.
17. Deith, M. R. 1983. Molluscan calendars: the use of growth-line analysis to establish seasonality of shellfish collection at the Mesolithic site of Morton, Fife. Journal of Archaeological Science 10, 423-40.
18. Ducrotoy, J. P., Rybarczyk, H., Souprayen, J, Bachalet, G., Beukema, J. J., Desprez, M., Dorjes, J., Essink, K., Guillou, J., Michaelis, H., Sylvand, B., Wilson, J. G., Elkaim, B. and Ibanez, F. 1991. A comparison of the population dynamics of the cockle (Cerastoderma edule L.) in northwestern Europe, pp. 173-84 in Elliott, M. and Ducrotoy, J. P. (eds.), Estuaries and Coasts: Spatial and Temporal Intercomparisons. Fredensborg: Olsen and Olsen.
19. Dudgeon, S. and Petraitis, P. S. 2000. Scale-dependent recruitment and divergence of intertidal communities. Ecology 82(4), 991-1006.
20. Ebert, T. A. 2001. Growth and survival of post-settlement sea urchins, pp. 79-102 in Lawrence, J. M. (ed.), Edible Sea Urchins: Biology and Ecology. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
21. Ford, P. 1989. Molluscan assemblages from archaeological deposits. Geoarchaeology 4(2), 157-73.
22. Graham, A. 1988. Molluscs: Prosobranch and Pyramidellid Gastropods (Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) 2). Leiden: Brill and Backhuys for the Linnean Society of London.
23. Grosjean, P. 2001. Growth Model for the Reared Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816). Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Universite Libre Bruxelles. http://www.sciviews.org/-phgrosjean/These. pdf
24. Gunter, G. 1938. Comments on the shape, growth and quality of the American Oyster. Science 88, 546-47.
25. Hallam, A. 1967. The interpretation of size-frequency distributions in molluscan death assemblages. Palaeontology 10, 25-42.
26. Hancock, D. A. 1967. Growth and mesh selection in the edible cockle (Cardium edule L.). Journal of Applied Ecology 47, 137-57.
27. Hawkins, S. J. and Jones, H. D. 1992. Rocky Shores (Marine Field Course Guide 1). London: Immel.
28. Hockey, P. A. R. and Bosman, A. L. 1986. Man as an inter-tidal predator in Transkei: disturbance, community convergence and management of a natural food resource. Oikos 46(1), 3-14.
29. Jenkins, S. R., Norton, T. A. and Hawkins, S. J. 2004. Long term effects of Ascophyllum nodosum canopy removal on mid shore community structure. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 84, 327-29.
30. Jeradino, A. 1997. Changes in shellfish species composition and mean shell size from a Late-Holocene record of the west coast of South Africa. Journal of Archaeological Science 24, 1031-44.
31. Jones, D. A. 1984. An Ecological Interpretation of Mesolithic Shellfish Remains on the Island of Oronsay, Inner Hebrides. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Sheffield.
32. Kent, B. 1992. Making Dead Oysters Talk: Techniques for Analyzing Oysters from Archaeological Sites. Crownsville, Maryland: Maryland Historical and Cultural Publications.
33. Koike, H. 1980. Seasonal Dating by Growth-Line Counting of the Clam Meretrix lusoria, Toward a Reconstruction of Prehistoric Shell-Collecting in Japan. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press.
34. Kristensen, I. 1957. Differences in density and growth in a cockle population in the Dutch Wadden Sea. Archives Néerlandaises de Zoologie 13, 351-453.
35. Lasiak, T. 1991. Is there evidence of over-exploitation of mussel stocks on the Transkei coast? South African Journal of Marine Science 10, 299-302.
36. Lasiak, T. 1992. Contemporary shellfish-gathering practices of indigenous coastal people in Transkei: some implications for interpretation of the archaeological record. South African Journal of Science 88, 19-28.
37. Lewis, J. R. and Bowman, R. S. 1975. Local habitat-induced variations in the population dynamics of Patella vulgata L. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 17, 165-203.
38. Lindberg, D. R., Estes, J. A. and Warheit, K. I. 1998. Human influences on trophic cascades along rocky shores. Ecological Applications 8(3), 880-90.
39. Mannino, M. A. and Thomas, K. D. 2002. Depletion of a resource? The impact of prehistoric human foraging on intertidal mollusc communities and its significance for human settlement, mobility and dispersal. World Archaeology 33, 452-74.
40. Mannino, M. A., Spiro, B. F., and Thomas, K. D. 2003. Sampling shells for seasonality: oxygen isotope analysis on shell carbonates of the intertidal gastropod Monodonta lineate (da Costa) from populations across its modern range and from a Mesolithic site in southern Britain. Journal of Archaeological Science 30, 667-79.
41. Marean, C. W., Bar-Matthews, M., Bernatches, J., Fisher, E., Goldberg, P., Herries, A. I. R., Jacobs, Z., Jeradino, A., Karkanas. P., Minichillo, T., Nilssen, P. J., Thompson, E., Watts, I. and Williams, H. M. 2007. Early human use of marine resources and pigment in South Africa during the Middle Pleistocene. Nature 449, 905-08.
42. Mariani, S., Piccari, F. and de Mattaeis, E. 2002. Shell morphology in Cerastoderma spp. (Bivalia: Cardidae) and its significance for adaptation to tidal and non-tidal coastal habitats. Journal of the Marine Biology Association of the United Kingdom 82, 483-90.
43. Mills, S. C. and Côté, L. M. 2003. Sex-related differences in growth and morphology of blue mussels. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 83, 1053-57.
44. Milner, N. 2002. Incremental Growth of the European Oyster Ostrea Edulis: Seasonality Information from Danish Kitchenmiddens (British Archaeological Reports International Series 1057). Oxford: Archeopress.
45. Milner, N., Barrett, J. and Welsh, J. 2007. Marine resource intensification in Viking Age Europe: the molluscan evidence from Quoygrew, Orkney. Journal of Archaeological Science 34, 1461-72.
46. Norris, K., Bannister, R. C. A. and Walker, P. W. 1998. Changes in the number of oystercatcher Haemeroptus ostregalus wintering in the Burry Inlet in relation to the biomass of cockles Cerastoderma edule and its commercial exploitation. Journal of Applied Ecology 35, 75-85.
47. Ortea, J. 1986. The malacology of La Riera Cave, pp. 289-98 in Straus, L. G. and Clark, G. A., La Riera Cave: Stone Age Hunter-Gatherers in Northern Spain (ASU Anthropological Research Paper 36). Tempe, Arizona: Arizona State University Press.
48. Orton, J. H. 1926. On the rate of growth of Cardium edule. Part I: Experimental Observations. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 14, 239-79.
49. Orton, J. H. and Awati, B. A. 1926. Modification by habitat in the Portuguese oyster Ostrea (Gryphoea) angulata. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 14, 227-30.
50. Paine, R. T. and Levin, S. A. 1981. Intertidal landscapes: disturbance and the dynamics of pattern. Ecological Monographs 51, 145-78.
51. Poiner, I. R. and Catterall, C. P. 1988. The effects of traditional gathering on populations of the marine gastropod Strombus luhuanis Linne 1758 in southern Papua New Guinea. Oecologia 76(2), 191-99.
52. Prummel, W. 2005. Molluscs from a Middle Bronze Age site and two Hellenistic sites in Thessaly, Greece, pp. 107-21 in Bar-Yosef Mayer, D. (ed.), Archaeomalacology: Molluscs in Former Environments of Human Behaviour (Proceedings of the 9th ICAZ Conference, Durham, 2002). Oxford: Oxbow Books.
53. Reese, D. S. 2005. Whale bones and shell-purple dye at Motya (western Sicily, Italy). Oxford Journal of Archaeology 24(2), 107-14.
54. Reid, D. G. 1996. Systematics and Evolution of Littorina. London: The Ray Society.
55. Richardson, C. A., Collis, S. S., Ekaratne, K., Dare, P. and Key, D. 1993. The age determination and growth rate of the Euopean flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, in British waters determined from acetate peels of umbo growth lines. Journal of Marine Science 50, 493-500.
56. Rogers-Bennett, L., Rogers, D. W., Bennett, W. A., and Ebert, T. A. 2003. Modeling red sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus fransiscanus) growth using six growth models. Fishery Bulletin 101(3), 614-26.
57. Russell, N. J., Bonsall, C. and Sutherland, D. G. 1995. The exploitation of marine molluscs in the Mesolithic of western Scotland: evidence from Ulva Cave, Inner Hebrides, pp. 273-88 in Fischer, A. (ed.), Man and Sea in the Mesolithic. Oxford: Oxbow Books.
58. Rye, D. and Sommer, M. 1980. Reconstructing palaeosalinity and palaeotemperature regimes with oxygen isotopes, pp. 169-254 in Rhoads, D. C. and Lutz, R. A. (eds.), Skeletal Growth of Aquatic Organisms: Biological Records of Environmental Change. London: Plenum.
59. Seed, R. 1980. Shell growth and form in the Bivalvia, pp. 23-67 in Rhoads, D. C. and Lutz, R. A. (eds.), Skeletal Growth of Aquatic Organisms: Biological Records of Environmental Change. London: Plenum.
60. Seed, R. and Suchaneck, T. H. 1992. Population and community ecology of Mytilus, pp. 87-171 in Gosling, E. (ed.), The Mussel Mytilus: Ecology, Physiology, Genetics and Culture (Developments in Aquaculture and Fisheries Science 25). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
61. Serrand, N. and Bonnisent, D. 2005. Pre-Columbian preceramic shellfish consumption and shell tool production: shell remains from Orient Bay, Saint-Martin, northern Lesser Antilles, pp. 29-39 in Bar-Yosef Mayer, D. (ed.), Archaeomalacology: Molluscs in Former Environments of Human Behaviour (Proceedings of the 9th ICAZ Conference, Durham, 2002). Oxford: Oxbow Books.
62. Shackleton, N. J. 1973. Oxygen-isotope analysis as a means of determining season of occupation of prehistoric midden sites. Archaeometry 15, 133-41.
63. Shackleton, J. C. and van Andel, T. H., 1986. Prehistoric shore environments, shellfish availability, and shellfish gathering at Franchthi, Greece. Geoarchaeology 1(2), 127-43.
64. Siegfried, W. R., Hockey, P. A. R. and Crowe, A. A. 1985. Exploitation and conservation of brown mussel stocks by coastal people of Transkei. Environmental Conservation 12(4), 303-07.
65. Sokal, R. R. and Rolph, F. J. 1995. Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research. New York: Freeman.
66. Sparre, P. and Venema, S. C. 1998. Introduction to Tropical Fish Stock Assessment I: Manual (FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 306/1). Rome: Food and Agriculture Organisation. http://www.fao.org/docrep/w5449e/w5449e00.htm
67. Stanley, S. M. 1970. Relation of Shell Form to Life Habits of the Bivalvia (Mollusca) (GSA Memoir 125). Washington: Geological Society of America.
68. Steele, T. E. and Klein, R. G. 2005. Mollusk and tortoise size as proxies for stone age population density in South Africa: implications for the evolution of human cultural capacity. Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia 57, 5-21.
69. Steneck, R. S., Graham,M. H., Bourque, B. J., Corbett, D., Erlandson, J. M., Estes, J. A. and Tegner, M. J. 2002. Kelp forest ecosystems: biodiversity, stability, resilience and future. Environmental Conservation 29(4), 436-59.
70. Stiner, M. C. 2001. Thirty years on: the 'Broad Spectrum Revolution' and Palaeolithic demography. Proceeding of the National Academy of Science 98(13), 6993-96.
71. Stiner, M. C., Munro, N. D., Surovell, T. A., Tchernov, E. and Bar-Yosef, O. 1999. Palaeolithic population growth pulses evidenced by small animal exploitation. Science 283, 190-94.
72. Tack, J. F., Vanden Berghe, E., and Polk, P. 1992. Ecomorphology of Crassostrea cucullata (Born, 1778) (Ostreidae) in a mangrove creek (Gazi, Kenya). Hydrobiologia 247, 109-17.
73. Thompson, G. B. 1980. Distribution and population dynamics of the limpet Patella vulgata L. in Bantry Bay. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 45, 173-217.
74. Vanhaeren,M., D'Errico, F., Stringer, C., James, S. L., Todd, J. A. and Mienis, H. K. 2006. Middle Paleolithic Shell Beads in Israel and Algeria. Science 312, 1785-88.
75. Vermeij, G. J. 1972. Intraspecific shore-level size gradients in intertidal molluscs. Ecology 53(4), 693-700.
76. Waselkov, G. 1987. Shellfish gathering and shell midden archaeology, pp. 93-210 in Schiffer, M. (ed.), Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory 11. San Diego: Academic Press.
77. Winder, J. M. 1988. Oyster Shells from Owslebury, Hampshire (English Heritage Ancient Monuments Laboratory Report 53/88). London: English Heritage.
78. Winder, J. M. 1992. The Oysters, pp. 194-200 in Horsey, I. P., Excavations in Poole 1973-1983 (Dorset Natural History and Archaeological Society Monograph 10). Dorchester: Friary Press.
79. Wolff, W. J. 2005. Development of human impact on suspensionfeeding bivalves in coastal soft-bottom ecosystems, pp 317-30 in Dame, R. F. and Olenin, S. (eds.), The Comparative Roles of Suspension-Feeders in Ecosystems. Amsterdam: Springer.