Marine resource intensification in Viking Age Europe: the molluscan evidence from Quoygrew, Orkney

Journal of Archaeological Science

Volumn 34, Issue 9, 2007, Pages 1461-1472

  Milner, Nicky ^a   Barrett, James ^a   Welsh, Jon ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF YORK   (United Kingdom)

^b NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Human impact; Limpet; Marine resources; Middle Ages; Orkney; Quoygrew; Shell midden; Viking Age

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; BAIT; EXPLOITATION; INTENSIVE CULTURE; MARINE RESOURCE; MIDDLE AGES; MOLLUSC;

EURASIA; EUROPE; ORKNEY; SCOTLAND; UNITED KINGDOM; WESTERN EUROPE;

PATELLIDAE;

EID: 34447094366     PISSN: 03054403     EISSN: 10959238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2006.11.004     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Andersen S.H. Norsminde. A "kokkenmødding" with Late Mesolithic and Early Neolithic occupation. Journal of Danish Archaeology 8 (1991) 13-40
2. Andersen S.H. Bjørnsholm. A stratified Køkkenmødding on the central Limfjord, north Jutland. Journal of Danish Archaeology 10 (1993) 59-96
3. Andersen S.H., and Johansen E. Ertebølle revisited. Journal of Danish Archaeology 10 (1987) 59-96
4. Bailey G.N., and Craighead A.S. Late Pleistocene and Holocene coastal Palaeoeconomies: a reconsideration of the molluscan evidence from northern Spain. Geoarchaeology: An International Journal 18 2 (2003) 175-204
5. Bailey, G.N., Milner, N. The marine molluscs from the Norsminde shell midden. In: Andersen, S.H. (Ed.), Stone Age Settlement in the Coastal Fjord of Norsminde, Jutland, Denmark, in press.
6. Barrett J.H. Fish trade in Norse Orkney and Caithness: a zooarchaeological approach. Antiquity 71 (1997) 616-638
7. Barrett J.H. Economic intensification in Viking Age and medieval Orkney, Scotland: excavations at Quoygrew. In: Mortensen A., and Arge S.V. (Eds). Viking and Norse North Atlantic: Select Papers from the Proceedings of the Fourteenth Viking Congress, Føroya Fró{eth}skaparfelag. Annales Societatis Scientiarum Færoensis Supplementum XLIV (2005) 264-283 (Tórshavn)
8. Barrett J.H., and Richards M.P. Identity, gender, religion and economy: new isotope and radiocarbon evidence for marine resource intensification in early historic Orkney, Scotland. European Journal of Archaeology 7 (2004) 249-271
9. Barrett J.H., Nicholson R.A., and Cerón-Carrasco R. Archaeo-ichthyological evidence for long-term socioeconomic trends in northern Scotland: 3500 BC to AD 1500. Journal of Archaeological Science 26 (1999) 353-388
10. Barrett J.H., Beukens R.P., and Nicholson R.A. Diet and ethnicity during the Viking colonisation of northern Scotland: evidence from fish bones and stable carbon isotopes. Antiquity 75 (2001) 145-154
11. Barrett J.H., Locker A.M., and Roberts C.M. 'Dark Age Economics' revisited: the English fish bone evidence AD 600-1600. Antiquity 78 (2004) 618-636
12. Brundle A., Lorimer D.H., and Ritchie A. Buckquoy revisited. In: Downes J., and Ritchie A. (Eds). Sea Change: Orkney and Northern Europe in the Later Iron Age AD 300-800 (2003), The Pinkfoot Press, Balgavies, Angus 95-104
13. Cerón-Carrasco R. Fish bone. In: Lowe C. (Ed). St. Boniface Church, Orkney: Coastal Erosion and Archaeological Assessment (1998), Sutton Publishing and Historic Scotland, Edinburgh 149-155
14. Cerón-Carrasco, R., 2002. Of Fish and Men, De Iasg agus Dhaoine: Aspects of the Utilization of Marine Resources as Recovered from Selected Hebridean Archaeological Sites. PhD thesis, Department of Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh.
15. Claassen C. Temporal patterns in marine shellfish-species use along the Atlantic coast in the South-eastern United States. Southeastern Archaeology 5 (1986) 120-137
16. Claassen C. Shells (1998), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
17. Colley, S., 1983. The Role of Fish bone Studies in Economic Archaeology: With Special Reference to the Orkney Isles. PhD thesis, Department of Archaeology, University of Southampton, Southampton.
18. Craighead, A.S., 1995. Marine Mollusca as Palaeoenvironmental and Palaeoeconomic Indicators in Cantabrian Spain. Unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Cambridge, Cambridge.
19. Ekaratne S.U.K., and Crisp D.J. Tidal micro-growth bands in intertidal gastropod shells, with an evaluation of band-dating techniques. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B214 (1982) 305-323
20. Ekaratne S.U.K., and Crisp D.J. Seasonal growth studies of intertidal gastropods from shell micro-growth band measurements, including a comparison with alternative methods. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 64 (1984) 183-210
21. Enghoff I.B. Fishing in the southern North Sea region from the 1st to the 16th century AD: evidence from fish bones. Archaeofauna 9 (2000) 59-132
22. Enghoff I.B. Fiskeknogler fra markedspladsen i Ribe, ASR 9 Posthuset. In: Feveile C. (Ed). Det ældste Ribe. Udgravninger på nordsiden af Ribe å 1984-2000. Ribe Studier vol. 1.1 (2006), Jysk Arkæologisk Selskab 157-168
23. Ervynck A., Van Neer W., and Pieters M. How the north was won (and lost again): historical and archaeological data on the exploitation of the North Atlantic by the Flemish fishery. In: Housley R.A., and Coles G.M. (Eds). Atlantic Connections and Adaptations: Economies, Environments and Subsistence in Lands Bordering the North Atlantic (2004), Oxbow, Oxford 230-239
24. Evans J.G., and Spencer P. The mollusca and environment, Buckquoy, Orkney. In: Ritchie A. (Ed). Excavation of Pictish and Viking-age Farmsteads at Buckquoy, Orkney. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland vol. 108 (1977) 174-227
25. Fenton A. The Northern Isles: Orkney and Shetland (1978), John Donald Publishers Ltd., Edinburgh
26. Gibson R., Hextall B., and Rogers A. Photographic Guide to the Sea and Shore Life of Britain and North-west Europe (2001), Oxford University Press, Oxford
27. Graham-Campbell J., and Batey C.E. Vikings in Scotland: An Archaeological Survey (1998), Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh
28. Harland J. Zooarchaeology in the Viking Age to Medieval Northern Isles, Scotland: An Investigation of Spatial and Temporal Patterning (2006), PhD thesis, Department of Archaeology, University of York, York
29. Hoffmann R.C. Economic development and aquatic ecosystems in medieval Europe. American Historical Review 101 (1996) 631-669
30. Hufthammer A.K. Med kjøtt og fisk på menyen. In: Skevik O. (Ed). Middelalder-Gården i Trøndelag (2003), Stiklestad Nasjonale Kultursenter 182-196
31. Jones A.K.G., Morris C.D., and Rackham D.J. The fish material. In: Morris C.D., Batey C., and Rackham D.J. (Eds). Freswick Links, Caithness: Excavation and Survey of a Norse Settlement (1995), North Atlantic Biocultural Organisation, Inverness 154-191
32. Koike H. Prehistoric hunting pressure and palaeobiomass: an environmental reconstruction and archaeozoological analysis of a Jomon shellmound area. In: Akazawa T., and Aikens C.M. (Eds). Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers in Japan: New Research Methods. The University Museum Bulletin 27 (1986) 27-53 (University of Tokoyo)
33. Mannino M.A., and Thomas K.D. Intensive Mesolithic exploitation of coastal resources? Evidence from a shell deposit on the Isle of Portland (Southern England) for the impact of human foraging on populations of intertidal rocky shore molluscs. Journal of Archaeological Science 28 (2001) 1101-1114
34. Mannino M.A., and Thomas K.D. Depletion of a resource? The impact of prehistoric human foraging on intertidal mollusc communities and its significance for human settlement, mobility and dispersal. World Archaeology 33 3 (2002) 452-474
35. Mellars P.A. Excavation and economic analysis of Mesolithic shell middens on the Island of Oronsay (Inner Hebrides). In: Mellars P.A. (Ed). The Early Postglacial Settlement of Northern Europe (1978), Duckworth, London 371-396
36. Milner, N. Mesolithic middens and marine molluscs: procurement and consumption of shellfish at the site of Sand. In: Hardy, K., Wickham-Jones, C. (Eds.), Mesolithic and Later Sites Around the Inner Sound, Scotland: The Work of the Scotland's First Settlers Project 1998-2004, Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports, in press.
37. Orton J. Observations on Patella vulgata, Part 1: sex-phenomena, breeding and shell growth. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 15 (1928) 851-862
38. Rowley-Conwy P. The laziness of the short-distance hunter: the origins of agriculture in Western Denmark. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 3 (1984) 300-324
39. Russell N.J., Bonsall C., and Sutherland D.G. The exploitation of marine molluscs in the Mesolithic of western Scotland: evidence from Ulva Cave, Inner Hebrides. In: Fischer A. (Ed). Man and the Sea in the Mesolithic (1995), Oxbow books, Oxford 273-288
40. Sharples N. The shore 1. Shellfish. In: Sharples N. (Ed). A Norse Farm in the Outer Hebrides: Excavations at Mound 3, Bornais, South Uist (2005), Oxbow Books, Oxford 159-161
41. Simpson I.A., Barrett J.H., and Milek K.B. Interpreting the Viking Age to medieval period transition in Norse Orkney through cultural soil and sediment analyses. Geoarchaeology 20 (2005) 355-377
42. Stuiver M., Reimer P.J., and Braziunas T.F. High-precision radiocarbon age calibration for terrestrial and marine samples. Radiocarbon 40 (1998) 1127-1151
43. Swadling P.A. Changes induced by human predation in prehistoric shellfish populations. Mankind 10 (1976) 156-162
44. Wickham-Jones C. The tale of the limpet. British Archaeology 71 (2003) 23