Prevalence, correlates and course of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in the population

British Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 194, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 212-219

  Savva, George M ^a,b   Zaccai, Julia ^a   Matthews, Fiona E ^b   Davidson, Julie E ^c   McKeith, Ian ^d   Brayne, Carol ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^c GLAXOSMITHKLINE   (United Kingdom)

^d NEWCASTLE GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; DEMENTIA; ENGLAND; EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; WALES;

EID: 62149150921     PISSN: 00071250     EISSN: 14721465     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.049619     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Tariot PN, Mack JL, Patterson MB, Edland SD, Weiner MF, Fillenbaum G, et al. The Behavior Rating Scale for Dementia of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease. The Behavioral Pathology Committee of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152: 1349-57.
2. Shin IS, Carter M, Masterman D, Fairbanks L, Cummings JL Neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life in Alzheimer disease. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005; 13: 469-74.
3. Lyketsos CG, Lopez O, Jones B, Fitzpatrick AL, Breitner J, DeKosky S. Prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia and mild cognitive impairment: results from the cardiovascular health study. JAMA 2002; 288: 1475-83.
4. Ikeda M, Fukuhara R, Shigenobu K, Hokoishi K, Maki N, Nebu A, et al. Dementia associated mental and behavioural disturbances in elderly people in the community: findings from the first Nakayama study. J Neurol Neurusurg Psychiatry 2004; 75: 146-8.
5. Steinberg M, Corcoran C, Tschanz JT, Huber C, Welsh-Bohmer K, Norton MC, et al. Risk factors for neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: the Cache County Study, Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2006; 21: 824-30.
6. Harwood DG, Barker WW, Ownby RL, Duara R. Relationship of behavioral and psychological symptoms to cognitive impairment and functional status in Alzheimer's disease, Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2000; 15: 393-400
7. Hope T, Keene J, McShane RH, Fairburn CG, Gedling K, Jacoby R. Wandering in dementia: a longitudinal study, Int Psychogeriatr 2001; 13: 137-47.
8. Leroi I, Voulgari A, Breitner JC, Lyketsos CG. The epidemiology of psychosis in dementia. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2003; 11: 83-91.
9. Starkstein SE, Jorge R, Mizrahi R, Robinson RG. A prospective longitudinal study of apathy in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2006; 77: 8-11.
10. Brayne C, McCracken C, Matthews FE. Cohort profile: the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (CFAS). Int J Epidemiol 2006; 35: 1140-5.
11. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. 'Mini-mental state'. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician, J Psychiatr Res 1975; 12: 189-98.
12. Copeland JR, Dewey ME, Griffiths-Jones HM. A computerized psychiatric diagnostic system and case nomenclature for elderly subjects: GMS and AGECAT. Psychol Med 1986; 16: 89-99.
13. Copeland JR, Dewey ME, Griffiths-Jones HM. A computerized psychiatric diagnostic system and case nomenclature for elderly subjects: GMS and AGECAT. Psychol Med 1986; 16: 89-99.
14. Roth M, Tym E, Mountjoy CQ, Huppert FA, Hendrie H, Verma S, et al. CAMDEX. A standardised instrument for the diagnosis of mental disorder in the elderly with special reference to the early detection of dementia. Br J Psychiatry 1986; 149: 698-709.
15. Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate - a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Stat Soc Series B - Methological 1995; 57: 289-300.
16. Eustace A, Coen R, Walsh C, Cunningham CJ, Walsh JB, Coakley D, et al. A longitudinal evaluation of behavioural and psychological symptoms of probable Alzheimer's disease, Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2002; 17: 968-73.
17. Matthews FE, McKeith I, Bond J, Brayne C, MRC CFAS. Reaching the population with dementia drugs: what are the challenges? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2006; 22: 627-31.
18. Aalten P, de Vugt ME, Jaspers N, Jolies J, Verhey FR. The course of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia. Part I: findings from the two-year longitudinal Maasbed study, Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005; 20: 523-30.
19. Ryu SH, Katona C, Rive B, Livingston G. Persistence of and changes in neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer disease over 6 months: the LASER-AD study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005; 13: 976-83.
20. Ballard CG, Margallo-Lana M, Fossey J, Reichelt K, Myint P, Potkins D, et al. A 1-year follow-up study of behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia among people in care environments. J Clin Psychiatry 2001; 62: 631-6.
21. Payne JL, Sheppard JM, Steinberg M, Warren A, Baker A, Steele C, et al. Incidence, prevalence, and outcomes of depression in residents of a long-term care facility with dementia, Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2002; 17: 247-53.
22. Steinberg M, Sheppard JM, Tschanz JT, Norton MC, Steffens DC, Breitner JC, et al. The incidence of mental and behavioral disturbances in dementia: the cache county study. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2003; 15: 340-5.
23. Steinberg M, Tschanz JT, Corcoran C, Steffens DC, Norton MC, Lyketsos CG, et al. The persistence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia, the Cache County Study, Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2004; 19: 19-26.
24. Lyketsos CG, Sheppard JM, Steinberg M, Tschanz JA, Norton MC, Steffens DC, et al. Neuropsychiatric disturbance in Alzheimer's disease clusters into three groups: the Cache County study, Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2001; 16: 1043-53.
25. Mcllroy S, Craig D. Neurobiology and genetics of behavioural syndromes of Alzheimer's disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2004; 1: 135-42.
26. Ropacki SA, Jeste DV. Epidemiology of and risk factors for psychosis of Alzheimer's disease: a review of 55 studies published from 1990 to 2003. Am J Psychiatry 2005; 162: 2022-30.
27. Ballard C, Bannister C, Solis M, Oyebode F, Wilcock G. The prevalence, associations and symptoms of depression amongst dementia sufferers. J Affect Disorti 1996; 36: 135-44.
28. Alexopoulos GS, Meyers BS, Young RC, Campbell S, Silbersweig D, Charlson M. Vascular depression' hypothesis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1997; 54: 915-22.
29. Treiber KA, Lyketsos CG, Corcoran C, Steinberg M, Norton M, Green RC, et al. Vascular factors and risk for neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: the Cache county Study, Int Psychogeriatr 2008; 20: 538-53.
30. Pritchard AL, Harris J, Pritchard CW, Coates J, Haque S, Holder R, et al. The effect of the apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms and haplotypes on behavioural and psychological symptoms in probable Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2007; 78: 123-6.
31. Aalten P, de Vugt ME, Lousberg R, Korten E, Jaspers N, Senden B, et al. Behavioral problems in dementia: a factor analysis of the neuropsychiatric inventory. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2003; 15: 99-105.
32. Aarsland D, Bronnick K, Ehrt U, De Deyn PP, Tekin S, Emre M, et al. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease and dementia: frequency, profile and associated care giver stress. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2007; 78: 36-42.
33. Amer-Ferrer G, de la Pena A, Garcia Soriano MT, Garcia Martin A. Main components of Neuropsychiatric Inventory in Alzheimer's disease. Definition of behavioral syndromes [Spanish]. Neurologia 2005; 20: 9-16.
34. Zuidema SU, de Jonghe JF, Verhey FR, Koopmans RT. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in nursing home patients: factor structure invariance of the Dutch nursing home version of the neuropsychiatric inventory in different stages of dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2007; 24: 169-76.
35. Moran M, Walsh C, Lynch A, Coen RF, Coakley D, Lawlor BA. Syndromes of behavioural and psychological symptoms in mild Alzheimer's disease, Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2004; 19: 359-64.
36. Ballard CG, O'Brien JT, swann AG, Thompson P, Neill D, McKeith IG. The natural history of psychosis and depression in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease: persistence and new cases over 1 year of follow-up. J Clin Psychiatry 2001; 62: 46-9.
37. Stavitsky K, Brickman AM, Scarmeas N, Torgan RL, Tang MX, Albert M, et al. The progression of cognition, psychiatric symptoms, and functional abilities in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 2006; 63: 1450-6.
38. Starkstein SE, Mizrahi R, Garau L. Specificity of symptoms of depression in Alzheimer disease: a longitudinal analysis. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005; 13: 802-7.
39. Pathological correlates of late-onset dementia in a multicentre, community-based population in England and Wales. Neuropathology Group of the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (MRC CFAS). Lancet 2001; 357: 169-75.