Water budget in the Baltic Sea drainage basin: Evaluation of simulated fluxes in a regional climate model

Boreal Environment Research

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 56-67

  Lind, Petter ^a   Kjellström, Erik ^a,b  

^a SWEDISH METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^b STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 62149130447     PISSN: 12396095     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Adler R.F., Huffman G.J., Chang A., Ferraro R., Xie P., Janowiak J., Rudolf B., Schneider U., Curtis S., Bolvin D., Gruber A., Susskind J. & Arkin P. 2003. The Version 2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) monthly precipitation analysis (1979-present). J. Hydrometeor. 4: 1147-1167.
2. Bergström S. & Carlsson B. 1994. River runoff to the Baltic Sea: 1950-1990. Ambio 23: 280-287.
3. Bergström S., Jóhannesson T., Adalgeirsdóttir G., Ahlstroem A., Andreassen L.M., Andréasson J., Beldring S., Björnsson H., Carlsson B., Crochet P., de Woul M., Einarsson B., Elveheoy H., Flowers G.E., Graham L.P., Gröndal G.O., Gudmundsson S., Hellström S.-S., Hock R., Holmlund P., Jónsdóttir J.F., Pálsson F., Radic V., Reeh N., Roald L.A., Rogozova S., Rosberg J., Sigurdsson O., Suomalainen M., Thorsteinsson T., Vehviläinen B. & Veijalainen N. 2007. Impacts of climate change on river runoff, glaciers and hydropower in the Nordic area. Joint final report from the CE Hydrological Models and Snow and Ice Groups, CE-6, Hydrological Service, National Energy Authority, Reykjavík, Iceland.
4. Christensen J.H., Machenhauer B., Jones R.G., Schär C., Ruti P.M., Castro M. & Visconti G. 1997. Validation of present-day regional climate simulations over Europe: LAM simulations with observed boundary conditions. Clim. Dyn. 13: 489-506.
5. Christensen J.H., Hewitson B., Busuioc A., Chen A., Gao X., Held I., Jones R., Kolli R.K., Kwon W.-T., Laprise R., Magaña Rueda V., Mearns L., Menéndez C.G, Räisänen J., Rinke A., Sarr A. & Whetton P. 2007. Regional Climate Projections. In: Solomon S., Qin D., Manning M., Chen Z., Marquis M., Averyt K.B., Tignor M. & Miller H.L. (eds.), Climate change 2007: the physical science basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 847-940.
6. Efron B. & Tibshirani R.J. 1993. An introduction to the bootstrap. Chapman and Hall, New York.
7. Giorgi F., Hewitson B., Christensen J., Hulme M., Von Storch H., Whetton P., Jones R., Mearns L. & Fu C. 2001. Regional climate information - evaluation and projections. In: Houghton J.T., Ding Y., Griggs D.J., Noguer M., Van der Linden P.J., Dai K., Maskell K. & Johnson C.A. (eds.), Climate change 2001: the scientific basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., pp. 583-638.
8. Graham L.P., Chen D., Christensen O.B., Kjellström E., Krysanova V., Meier H.E.M., Radziejewski M., Rockel B., Ruosteenoja K. & Räisänen J. 2008. Projections of future climate change. In: The BACC Author Team (eds.), Assessment of climate change for the Baltic Sea basin, Springer, Berlin, pp. 133-219.
9. Graham P. & Jacob D. 2000. Using large-scale hydrologic modeling to review runoff generation processes in GCM climate models. Meteorol. Z. 9: 49-57.
10. Graham P. 1999. Modeling runoff to the Baltic Sea. Ambio 28: 328-334.
11. Gibson J.K., Kållberg P., Uppala S., Hernandez A., Nomura A. & Serrano E. 1997. Era description. ECMWF Reanal, Proj. Rep. Ser. 1, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, U.K.
12. Hagemann S., Botzet M., Dümenil L. & Machenhauer B. 1999. Derivation of global GCM boundary conditions from 1 km land use satellite data. Tech. Rep. 289, Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany.
13. Hagemann S., Machenhauer B., Jones R., Christensen O.B., Déqué M., Jacob D. & Vidale P.L. 2004. Evaluation of water and energy budgets in regional climate models applied over Europe. Clim. Dyn. 23: 547-567.
14. Hagemann S., Arpe K. & Bengtsson L. 2005. Validation of the hydrological cycle of ERA-40. ERA-40 Project Report Series No. 24, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, U.K.
15. Jacob D., Van den Hurk B.J.J.M., Andrae U., Elgered G., Fortelius C., Graham L.P., Jackson S.D., Karstens U., Köpken Chr., Lindau R., Podzun R., Rockel B., Rubel F., Sass B.H., Smith R.N.B. & Yang X. 2001. A comprehensive model inter-comparison study investigating the water budget during the BALTEX-PIDCAP period. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 77: 19-43.
16. Jacob D. 2001. A note to the simulation of the annual and inter-annual variability of the water budget over the Baltic Sea drainage basin. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 77: 61-73.
17. Jones C.G., Ullerstig A., Willén U. & Hansson U. 2004. The Rossby Centre regional atmospheric climate model (RCA). Part I: Model climatology and performance characteristics for present climate over Europe. Ambio 33: 199-210.
18. Kjellström E. & Ruosteenoja K. 2007. Present-day and future precipitation in the Baltic Sea region as simulated in a suite of regional climate models. Clim. Change 81: 28-291.
19. Kjellström E., Bärring L., Gollvik S., Hansson U., Jones C., Samuelsson P., Rummukainen M., Ullerstig A., Willén U. & Wyser K. 2005. A 140-year simulation of European climate with the new version of the Rossby Centre regional atmospheric climate model (RCA3). SMHI Reports Meteorology and Climatology No. 108, SMHI, Norrköping, Sweden.
20. Kållberg P., Berrisford P., Hoskins B., Simmons A., Uppala S., Lamy-Thépaut S. & Hine R. 2005. ERA-40 Atlas. ERA-40 Project Report Series 19, European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, U.K.
21. Källén E. 1996. HIRLAM documentation manual: system 2.5. Technical Report HIRLAM, SMHI, Norrköping, Sweden.
22. Ljungemyr P., Gustafsson N. & Omstedt A. 1996. Parameterization of lake thermodynamics in a high-resolution weather forecasting model. Tellus 48A: 608-621.
23. Mitchell T.D. & Jones P.D. 2005. An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids. Int. J. Climatol. 25: 69-712.
24. Raschke E., Meywerk J., Warrach K., Andrae U., Bergström S., Beyrich F., Bosveld F., Bumke K., Fortelius C., Graham L.P., Gryning S.-E., Halldin S., Hasse L., Heikinheimo M., Isemer H.-J., Jacob D., Jauja I., Karlsson K.-G., Keevalik S., Koistinen J., Van Lammeren A., Lass U., Launianen J., Lehmann A., Liljebladh B., Lobmeyr M., Matthäus W., Mengelkamp T., Michelson O.B., Napiórkowski J., Omstedt A., Piechura J., Rockel B., Rubel F., Ruprecht E., Smedman A.-S. & Stigebrandt A. 2001. The Baltic Sea Experiment (BALTEX): a European contribution to the investigation of the energy and water cycle over a large drainage basin. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 82: 2389-2413.
25. Rubel F. & Hantel M. 2001. BALTEX 1/6-degree daily precipitation climatology. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 77: 155-166.
26. Ruprecht E. & Kahl T. 2003. Investigation of the atmospheric water budget of the BALTEX area using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. Tellus 55A: 426-437.
27. Samuelsson P., Gollvik S. & Ullerstig A. 2006. The land-surface scheme of the Rossby Centre regional atmospheric climate model (RCA3). Report in Meteorology 122, SMHI, Norrköping, Sweden.
28. Uppala S.M., Kållberg P.W., Simmons A.J., Andrae U., da Costa Bechtold V., Fiorino M., Gibson J.K., Haseler J., Hernandez A., Kelly G.A., Li X., Onogi K., Saarinen S., Sokka N., Allan R.P., Andersson E., Arpe K., Balmaseda M.A., Beljaars A.C.M., Van de Berg L., Bidlot J., Bormann N., Caires S., Chevallier F., Dethof A., Dragosavac M., Fisher M., Fuentes M., Hagemann S., Holm E., Hoskins B.J., Isaksen L., Janssen P.A.E.M., Jenne R., McNally A.P., Mahfouf J.-F., Morcrette J.-J., Rayner N.A, Saunders R.W., Simon P., Sterl A., Trenberth K.E., Untch A., Vasiljevic D., Viterbo P. & Woollen J. 2005. The ERA-40 reanalysis. Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 131: 2961-3012.