Neuroleptic malignant syndrome complicating antipsychotic treatment of delirium or agitation in medical and surgical patients: Case reports and a review of the literature

Psychosomatics

Volumn 50, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 8-15

  Seitz, Dallas P ^a   Gill, Sudeep S ^b  

^a HOTEL DIEU HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CODEINE; DANTROLENE; HALOPERIDOL; HYDROMORPHONE; LORAZEPAM; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; PARACETAMOL; PETHIDINE; QUETIAPINE; RISPERIDONE; VENLAFAXINE;

ADULT; AGITATION; AKATHISIA; CASE REPORT; CLINICAL FEATURE; DELIRIUM; DELUSION; DRUG SUBSTITUTION; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFORMATION RETRIEVAL; MALE; MIGRAINE; MUSCLE RIGIDITY; NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; TONIC CLONIC SEIZURE; TREATMENT FAILURE; VISUAL HALLUCINATION;

ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; DELIRIUM; HUMANS; NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME; PSYCHOMOTOR AGITATION;

EID: 61849142834     PISSN: 00333182     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1176/appi.psy.50.1.8     Document Type: Review

References (61)

1. Caroff SN, Mann SC: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Med Clin North Am 1993; 77:185-202
2. Strawn JR, Keck PE Jr, Caroff SN: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 2007; 164:870-876
3. Addonizio G, Susman VL, Roth SD: Symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in 82 consecutive inpatients. Am J Psychiatry 1986; 143:1587-1590
4. Adityanjee, Mathews T, Aderbigbe YA: Proposed research diagnostic criteria for neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 1999; 2:129-144
5. Seitz DP: Diagnostic uncertainty in neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Can J Emerg Med 2005; 7:266-272
6. Balzan MV: The neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a logical approach to the patient with fever and rigidity. Postgrad Med J 1998; 74:72-76
7. Mann SC, Caroff SN, Fricchione G, et al: Central dopamine hypoactivity and the pathogenesis of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Psychiatr Ann 2000; 30:363-374
8. Adityanjee, Sajatovic M, Munshi KR: Neuropsychiatric sequelae of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Clin Neuropharmacol 2005; 28:197-204
9. Shalev A, Hermesh H, Munitz H: Mortality from neuroleptic malignant syndrome. J Clin Psychiatry 1989; 50:18-25
10. Keck PE Jr, Pope HG, McElroy SL: Declining frequency of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a hospital population. Am J Psychiatry 1991; 148:880-882
11. Farver D: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome induced by atypical antipsychotics. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2003; 2:21-35
12. Ananth J, Parameswaran S, Gunatilake S, et al: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and atypical antipsychotic drugs. J Clin Psychiatry 2004; 65:464-470
13. Levenson JL: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 1985; 142:1137-1145
14. Levinson DF, Simpson GM: Neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms with fever. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986; 43:839-848
15. Viejo LF, Morales V, Punal P, et al: Risk factors in neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a case-control study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2003; 107:45-49
16. Keck PE Jr, Pope HG, Cohen BM, et al: Risk factors for neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989; 46:914-918
17. Berardi D, Amore M, Keck PE Jr, et al: Clinical and pharmacological risk factors for neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a case-control study. Biol Psychiatry 1998; 44:748-754
18. Sachdev P, Mason C, Hadzi-Pavlovic: Case-control study of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154: 1156-1158
19. Someya T, Endo T, Hara T, et al: A survey on the drug therapy for delirium. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001; 55:397-401
20. Ely EW, Stephens RK, Jackson JC, et al: Current opinions regarding the importance, diagnosis, and management of delirium in the intensive care unit: a survey of 912 healthcare professionals. Crit Care Med 2004; 32:106-112
21. Mittal D, Majthia D, Kennedy R, et al: Differences in characteristics and outcome of delirium as based on referral patterns. Psychosomatics 2006; 47:367-375
22. American Psychiatric Association: Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Patients With Delirium. Am J Psychiatry 1999; 156(suppl 5):1-20
23. Canadian Coalition for Seniors' Mental Health: National Guidelines for Seniors' Mental Health: The Assessment and Treatment of Delirium, 2006
24. Inouye SK: Delirium in older persons. New Engl J Med 2006; 354:1157-1165
25. Young J, Inouye SK: Delirium in older people. BMJ 2007; 334:842-846
26. Seneff MG, Mathews RA: Use of haloperidol infusions to control delirium in critically ill patients. Ann Pharmacother 1995; 29:690-693
27. Rosebush P, Stewart T: A prospective analysis of 24 episodes of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 1989; 146:717-725
28. Velamoor VR, Swamy BN, Parmar RS: Confusion, agitation, and rigidity: early signs of NMS? Can J Psychiatry 1992; 37:280
29. Caroff SN, Rosenberg H, Mann SC, et al: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in the critical care unit. Crit Care Med 2002; 30:2609-2610
30. Seitz DP, Gill SS, van Zyl LT: Antipsychotics in the treatment of delirium: a systematic review. J Clin Psychiatry 2007; 68:11-21
31. Mann SC, Caroff SN, Keck PE Jr, et al: Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and Related Conditions. 2nd Edition. Washington, DC Am. Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. 2003
32. Lieberman A, Pasternack P, Colvin S: The neuroleptic malignant syndrome after open-heart surgery: successful treatment with bromocriptine. N Y State J Med 1987; 87:362-363
33. Inouye SK, Charpentier PA: Precipitating factors for delirium in hospitalized elderly persons: predictive model and interrelationship with baseline vulnerability. JAMA 1996; 275:852-857
34. Rea RS, Battistone S, Fong JJ, et al: Atypical antipsychotics versus haloperidol for treatment of delirium in acutely ill patients. Pharmacotherapy 2007; 27:588-594
35. Menza MA, Murray GB, Holmes VF, et al: Decreased extrapyramidal symptoms with intravenous haloperidol. J Clin Psychiatry 1987; 48:278-280
36. Metzger E, Friedman R: Prolongation of the corrected QT and torsade de pointes cardiac arrhythmia associated with intravenous haloperidol in the medically ill. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1993; 13:128-132
37. Van Putten T, Beckson M, Marder SR: The neuroleptic malignant syndrome manifested as a prolonged confusional state. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1988; 8:229-230
38. Adityanjee A: Spectrum concept of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Br J Psychiatry 1988; 153:107-111
39. Gabellini AS, Pezzoli A, De Massis P, et al: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in an AIDS patient: clinical and pathological findings. Ital J Neurol Sci 1994; 15:293-295
40. Shuster JL: Delirium, confusion, and agitation at the end of life. J Palliat Med 1998; 1:177-186
41. Rosebush PI, Stewart T, Mazurek MF: The treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome: are dantrolene and bromocriptine useful adjuncts to supportive care? Br J Psychiatry 1991; 159:709-712
42. Levitt AJ, Midha R, Craven JL: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome with intravenous haloperidol. Can J Psychiatry 1990; 35:789
43. Rosebush PI, Gelenberg AJ: Twenty neuroleptic rechallenges after neuroleptic malignant syndrome in 15 patients. J Clin Psychiatry 1989; 50:295-298
44. Fricchione GL, Mann SC, Caroff SC: Catatonia, lethal catatonia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Psychiatr Ann 2000; 30: 347-355
45. Koponen H, Repo E, Lepola U: Long-term outcome after neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1991; 84:550-551
46. Fricchione GL, Cassem NH, Hooberman D, et al: Intravenous lorazepam in neuroleptic-induced catatonia. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1983; 3:338-342
47. Tunca A, Sen M, Dener C, et al: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome after an emergency operation for acute appendicitis perforation. Can J Surg 2004; 47:470
48. Hirst R, Galloway GQ, Borzotta AP: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a case report in a multiple trauma patient. Injury 1993; 24:193-194
49. Nielsen J, Bruhn AM: Atypical neuroleptic malignant syndrome caused by olanzapine. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2005; 112:238-240
50. Morita T, Shishido H, Tei Y, et al: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome after haloperidol and fentanyl infusion in a patient with cancer with severe mineral imbalance. J Palliat Med 2004; 7:861-864
51. Rosenberg MR, Green M: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: review of response to therapy. Arch Intern Med 1989; 149:1927-1931
52. Boorse RC, Rhodes M: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a multiple trauma patient. Arch Surg 1990; 125:274-275
53. Vincent M, Zimmerman JE, Van Haren J: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome complicating closed head injury. Neurosurgery 1986; 18:190-193
54. Pearlman CA: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a review of the literature. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1986; 6:257-273
55. Quinn DE, Goodman MA: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in the multiple trauma patient. J Orthopaed Trauma 1989; 3:68-70
56. Garrido SM, Chauncey TR: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome following autologous peripheral stem-cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transpl 1998; 21:427-428
57. Nicklason FN, Finucane PM, Pathy MSJ, et al: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: an unrecognized problem in elderly patients with psychiatric illness? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 1991; 6:171-175
58. Tanaka K, Akechi T, Yamazaki M, et al: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome during haloperidol treatment in a cancer patient: a case report. Support Care Cancer 1998; 6:536-538
59. Cuillane CA, Brumfield C, Flint L, et al: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome associated with multiple joint dislocations in a trauma patient. J Trauma 1998; 45:168-171
60. Burke C, Fulda GJ, Castellano J: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a trauma patient. J Trauma 1995; 39:796-798
61. Sing RF, Branas CC, Marino PL: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in the intensive-care unit. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1993; 93:615-618