Human connexin31.9, unlike its orthologous protein connexin30.2 in the mouse, is not detectable in the human cardiac conduction system

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology

Volumn 46, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 553-559

  Kreuzberg, Maria M ^a   Liebermann, Marcus ^a   Segschneider, Sara ^a   Dobrowolski, Radoslaw ^a   Dobrzynski, Halina ^b   Kaba, Riyaz ^c   Rowlinson, Giselle ^c   Dupont, Emmanuel ^c   Severs, Nicholas J ^c   Willecke, Klaus ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BONN   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^c NATIONAL HEART AND LUNG INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Atrioventricular node; Cardiac conduction; Connexins; Cx31.9; Electrical coupling; Gap junctions; GJD3; Sinoatrial node

Indexed keywords

CONNEXIN 30.2; CONNEXIN 31.9; GAP JUNCTION PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CARBOXY TERMINAL SEQUENCE; CONTROLLED STUDY; GAP JUNCTION; GENETIC TRANSFECTION; HEART MUSCLE CONDUCTION SYSTEM; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; IMMUNOBLOTTING; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE TEST; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION;

ANIMALS; ANTIBODY SPECIFICITY; CONNEXINS; CRYOULTRAMICROTOMY; FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE; HEART CONDUCTION SYSTEM; HELA CELLS; HUMANS; IMMUNOBLOTTING; MICE; MICROSCOPY, CONFOCAL; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY, AMINO ACID; TRANSFECTION;

EID: 61449170916     PISSN: 00222828     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2008.12.007     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Gros D.B., and Jongsma H.J. Connexins in mammalian heart function. BioEssays 18 (1996) 719-730
2. Severs N.J. The role of connexins in the heart. 2008. In: Harris A.I., and Locke D. (Eds). Connexins: a guide (2008), Humana Press 429-450 Chapter 21
3. Willecke K., Eiberger J., Degen J., Eckardt D., Romualdi A., Güldenagel M., et al. Structural and functional diversity of connexin genes in the mouse and human genome. Biol. Chem. 383 (2002) 725-737
4. Kumar N.M., and Gilula N.B. The gap junction communication channel. Cell 84 (1996) 381-388
5. Fishman G.I., Spray D.C., and Leinwand L.A. Molecular characterization and functional expression of the human cardiac gap junction channel. J. Cell Biol. 111 (1990) 589-598
6. Kanter H.L., Saffitz J.E., and Beyer E.C. Molecular cloning of two human cardiac gap junction proteins, connexin40 and connexin45. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 26 (1994) 861-868
7. Vozzi C., Dupont E., Coppen S.R., Yeh H.I., and Severs N.J. Chamber-related differences in connexin expression in the human heart. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 31 (1999) 991-1003
8. Dupont E., Matsushita T., Kaba R.A., Vozzi C., Coppen S.R., Khan N., et al. Altered connexin expression in human congestive heart failure. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 33 (2001) 359-371
9. Beyer E.C., Kistler J., Paul D.L., and Goodenough D.A. Antisera directed against connexin43 peptides react with a 43-kD protein localized to gap junctions in myocardium and other tissues. J. Cell Biol. 108 (1989) 595-605
10. Reaume A.G., de Sousa P.A., Kulkarni S., Langille B.L., Zhu D., Davies T.C., et al. Cardiac malformation in neonatal mice lacking connexin43. Science 267 (1995) 1831-1834
11. Kirchhoff S., Nelles E., Hagendorff A., Krüger O., Traub O., and Willecke K. Reduced cardiac conduction velocity and predisposition to arrhythmias in connexin40-deficient mice. Curr. Biol. 8 (1998) 299-302
12. van Rijen H.V., van Veen T.A., van Kempen M.J., Wilms-Schopman F.J., Potse M., Krueger O., et al. Impaired conduction in the bundle branches of mouse hearts lacking the gap junction protein connexin40. Circulation 103 (2001) 1591-1598
13. Coppen S.R., Dupont E., Rothery S., and Severs N.J. Connexin45 expression is preferentially associated with the ventricular conduction system in mouse and rat heart. Circ. Res. 82 (1998) 232-243
14. Verheijck E.E., van Kempen M.J., Veereschild M., Lurvink J., Jongsma H.J., and Bouman L.N. Electrophysiological features of the mouse sinoatrial node in relation to connexin distribution. Cardiovasc. Res. 52 (2001) 40-50
15. Severs N.J., Coppen S.R., Dupont E., Yeh H.I., Ko Y.S., and Matsushita T. Gap junction alterations in human cardiac disease. Cardiovasc. Res. 62 (2004) 368-377
16. Gollob M.H., Jones D.L., Krahn A.D., Danis L., Gong X.Q., Shao Q., et al. Somatic mutations in the connexin 40 gene (GJA5) in atrial fibrillation. N. Engl. J. Med. 354 (2006) 2677-2688
17. Kaprielian R.R., Gunning M., Dupont E., Sheppard M.N., Rothery S.M., Underwood R., et al. Downregulation of immunodetectable connexin43 and decreased gap junction size in the pathogenesis of chronic hibernation in the human left ventricle. Circulation 97 (1998) 651-660
18. Kostin S., Rieger M., Dammer S., Hein S., Richter M., Klovekorn W.P., et al. Gap junction remodeling and altered connexin43 expression in the failing human heart. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 242 (2003) 135-144
19. Severs N.J., Bruce A.F., Dupont E., and Rothery S. Remodelling of gap junctions and connexin expression in diseased myocardium. Cardiovasc. Res. 80 (2008) 9-19
20. Yamada K.A., Rogers J.G., Sundset R., Steinberg T.H., and Saffitz J.E. Up-regulation of connexin45 in heart failure. J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 14 (2003) 1205-1212
21. S. Dhein, Role of connexins in atrial fibrillation. Adv. Cardiol. 2006; 42:161-74.:161-174.
22. Duffy H.S., and Wit A.L. Is there a role for remodeled connexins in AF? No simple answers. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 44 (2008) 4-13
23. Kreuzberg M.M., Söhl G., Kim J.S., Verselis V.K., Willecke K., and Bukauskas F.F. Functional properties of mouse connexin30.2 expressed in the conduction system of the heart. Circ. Res. 96 (2005) 1169-1177
24. Kreuzberg M.M., Schrickel J.W., Ghanem A., Kim J.S., Degen J., Janssen-Bienhold U., et al. Connexin30.2 containing gap junction channels decelerate impulse propagation through the atrioventricular node. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103 (2006) 5959-5964
25. Nielsen P.A., Beahm D.L., Giepmans B.N., Baruch A., Hall J.E., and Kumar N.M. Molecular cloning, functional expression, and tissue distribution of a novel human gap junction-forming protein, connexin-31.9. Interaction with zona occludens protein-1. J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2002) 38272-38283
26. White T.W., Srinivas M., Ripps H., Trovato-Salinaro A., Condorelli D.F., and Bruzzone R. Virtual cloning, functional expression, and gating analysis of human connexin31.9. Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. 283 (2002) C960-C970
27. Bukauskas F.F., Kreuzberg M.M., Rackauskas M., Bukauskiene A., Bennett M.V., Verselis V.K., et al. Properties of mouse connexin 30.2 and human connexin 31.9 hemichannels: implications for atrioventricular conduction in the heart. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103 (2006) 9726-9731
28. Maxeiner S., Dedek K., Janssen-Bienhold U., Ammermüller J., Brune H., Kirsch T., et al. Deletion of connexin45 in mouse retinal neurons disrupts the rod/cone signaling pathway between AII amacrine and ON cone bipolar cells and leads to impaired visual transmission. J. Neurosci. 25 (2005) 566-576
29. Dobrzynski H., Li J., Tellez J., Greener I.D., Nikolski V.P., Wright S.E., et al. Computer three-dimensional reconstruction of the sinoatrial node. Circulation 111 (2005) 846-854
30. Kaba R.A., Coppen S.R., Dupont E., Skepper J.N., Elneil S., Haw M.P., et al. Comparison of connexin 43, 40 and 45 expression patterns in the developing human and mouse hearts. Cell Commun. Adhes. 8 (2001) 339-343
31. Dupont E., Ko Y., Rothery S., Coppen S.R., Baghai M., Haw M., et al. The gap-junctional protein connexin40 is elevated in patients susceptible to postoperative atrial fibrillation. Circulation 103 (2001) 842-849
32. Severs N.J., Rothery S., Dupont E., Coppen S.R., Yeh H.I., Ko Y.S., et al. Immunocytochemical analysis of connexin expression in the healthy and diseased cardiovascular system. Microsc. Res. Tech. 52 (2001) 301-322
33. Laemmli U.K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227 (1970) 680-685
34. Söhl G., Nielsen P.A., Eiberger J., and Willecke K. Expression profiles of the novel human connexin genes hCx30.2, hCx40.1, and hCx62 differ from their putative mouse orthologues. Cell Commun. Adhes. 10 (2003) 27-36
35. Meijler F.L., Strackee J., Stokhof A.A., and Wassenaar C. Scaling of atrioventricular transmission in mammalian species: an evolutionary riddle!. J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 13 (2002) 826-830
36. Noujaim S.F., Lucca E., Munoz V., Persaud D., Berenfeld O., Meijler F.L., et al. From mouse to whale: a universal scaling relation for the PR Interval of the electrocardiogram of mammals. Circulation 110 (2004) 2802-2808
37. Meijler F.L., Billette J., Jalife J., Kik M.J., Reiber J.H., Stokhof A.A., et al. Atrioventricular conduction in mammalian species: hemodynamic and electrical scaling. Heart Rhythm 2 (2005) 188-196
38. Coppen S.R., and Severs N.J. Diversity of connexin expression patterns in the atrioventricular node: vestigial consequence or functional specialization?. J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 13 (2002) 625-626
39. Coppen S.R., Severs N.J., and Gourdie R.G. Connexin45 (alpha 6) expression delineates an extended conduction system in the embryonic and mature rodent heart. Dev. Genet. 24 (1999) 82-90
40. Severs N.J. Gap junction remodeling and cardiac arrhythmogenesis: cause or coincidence?. J Cell Mol Med 5 (2001) 355-366
41. Kaba R.A., Yacoub M.H., Dupont E., Elneil S., Skepper J., Coppen S.R., et al. Gap junctions in the atrio-ventricular conduction axis of the human heart. 24, 505. Eur. Heart J. 24 (2003) 505
42. Dobrzynski H., Nikolski V.P., Sambelashvili A.T., Greener I.D., Yamamoto M., Boyett M.R., et al. Site of origin and molecular substrate of atrioventricular junctional rhythm in the rabbit heart. Circ. Res. 93 (2003) 1102-1110
43. Hucker W.J., McCain M.L., Laughner J.I., Iaizzo P.A., and Efimov I.R. Connexin 43 expression delineates two discrete pathways in the human atrioventricular junction. Anat. Rec. (Hoboken) 291 (2008) 204-215
44. Li J., Greener I.D., Inada S., Nikolski V.P., Yamamoto M., Hancox J.C., et al. Computer three-dimensional reconstruction of the atrioventricular node. Circ. Res. 102 (2008) 975-985