Comparative gender biases in models of personality disorder

Personality and Mental Health

Volumn 3, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 12-25

  Samuel, Douglas B ^a   Widiger, Thomas A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 61349105233     PISSN: 19328621     EISSN: 1932863X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/pmh.61     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Adler, D., Drake, R., & Teague, G. (1990). Clinicians' practices in personality assessment: Does gender influence the use of DSM-III Axis II? Comprehensive Psychiatry, 31, 125-133.
2. American Psychiatric Association (APA). (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: APA.
3. American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed. Revised). Washington, DC: APA.
4. Becker, D., & Lamb, S. (1994) Sex bias in the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 25, 55-61.
5. Blashfield, R. K., & Herkov, M. J. (1996). Investigating clinician adherence to diagnosis by criteria: A replication of Morey and Ochoa (1989). Journal of Personality Disorders, 10, 219-228.
6. Boggs, C. D., Morey, L. C., Skodol, A.E., Shea, M. T., Sanislow, C. A., Grilo, C., McGlashan, T., Zanarini, M. C., & Gunderson, J. G. (2005). Differential impairment as an indicator of sex bias in DSM-IV criteria for four personality disorders. Psychological Assessment, 17, 492-496.
7. Caplan, P. J. (1995). They say you're crazy: How the world's most powerful psychiatrists decide who's normal. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
8. Chodoff, P. (1974). The diagnosis of hysteria: An overview. American Journal of Psychiatry, 131, 1073-1078.
9. Chodoff, P. (1982). Hysteria and women. American Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 545-551.
10. Clark, L. A. (2007). Assessment and diagnosis of personality disorder. Perennial issues and an emerging reconceptualization. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 227-257.
11. Clark, L. A., Simms, L. J., Wu, K. D., & Casillas, A. (in press). Manual for the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP-2). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
12. Cloninger, C. R. (1999). Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R). Unpublished Test. St Louis, Missouri: Washington University, Center for Psychobiology of Personality.
13. Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
14. Crosby, J. P., & Spock, J. (2004). Effect of patient sex, clinician sex, and sex role on the diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder: Models of underpathologizing and overpathologizing biases. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60, 583-604.
15. Ehrensaft, M. K., Cohen, P., & Johnson, J. G. (2006). Development of personality disorder symptoms and the risk for partner violence. Journal of Abnormal Personality, 115, 474-483.
16. Fernbach, B. E., Wimstead, B. A., & Derlega, V. J. (1989). Sex differences in diagnosis and treatment recommendations for antisocial and somatization disorders. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 8, 238-255.
17. First, M. B., Pincus, H. A., Levine, J. B., Williams, J. B. W., Ustun, B., & Peele, R. (2004). Clinical utility as a criterion for revising psychiatric diagnoses. American Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 946-954.
18. Flanagan, E. H., & Blashfield, R. K. (2003). Gender bias in the diagnosis of personality disorders: The roles of base rates and social stereotypes. Journal of Personality Disorders, 17, 431-446.
19. Flanagan, E. H., & Blashfield, R. K. (2005). Gender acts as a context for interpreting diagnostic criteria. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 1485-1498.
20. Ford, M., & Widiger, T. A. (1989). Sex bias in the diagnosis of histrionic and antisocial personality disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 57, 301-305.
21. Frances, A. J. (1980). The DSM-III personality disorders section: A commentary. American Journal of Psychiatry, 137, 1050-1054.
22. Garb, H. (2005). Clinical judgment and decision making. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1, 67-89.
23. Hamilton, S., Rothbart, M., & Dawes, R. (1986). Sex bias, diagnosis, and DSM-III. Sex Roles, 15, 269-274.
24. Haslam, N. (2006). Bias in psychopathology research. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 19, 625-630.
25. Howell, A. J., & Watson, D. C. (2002). Perceived dysfunction of male-typed and female-typed DSM-IV personality disorder criteria. Journal of Personality Disorders, 16, 536-548.
26. Kaplan, M. (1983). A woman's view of DSM-III. American Psychologist, 38, 786-792.
27. Kim, N. S., & Ahn, W. (2002). Clinical psychologists' theorybased representations of mental disorders predict their diagnostic reasoning and memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 131, 451-476.
28. Lenzenweger, M. F., & Willett, J. B. (2007). Predicting individual change in personality disorder features by simultaneous individual change in personality dimensions linked to neurobehavioral systems: The longitudinal study of personality disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 116, 684-700.
29. Livesley, W. J. (2003). Diagnostic dilemmas in classifying personality disorder. In K. A. Phillips, M. B. First, & H. A. Pincus (Eds.), Advancing DSM. Dilemmas in psychiatric diagnosis (pp. 153-190). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
30. Livesley, W. J., & Jackson, D. (in press). Manual for the dimensional assessment of personality pathology-basic questionnaire. Port Huron, MI: Sigma Press.
31. Lynam, D. R., & Widiger, T. A. (2001). Using the Five-Factor Model to represent the DSM-IV personality disorders: An expert consensus approach. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110, 401-412.
32. Lynam, D. R., & Widiger, T. A. (2007). Using a general model of personality to understand sex differences in the personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 21, 583-602.
33. McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T., Jr. (1999). A Five-Factor theory of personality. In L. A. Pervin, & O. P. John (Eds.) Handbook of personality: Theory and research (2nd ed., pp. 139-153). New York: Guilford Press.
34. Mikton, C., & Grounds, A. (2007). Cross-cultural clinical judgment bias in personality disorder diagnosis by forensic psychiatrists in the UK: A case-vignette study. Journal of Personality Disorders, 21, 400-417.
35. Millon, T. (1981). Disorders of personality: DSM-III, Axis 11. New York: Wiley.
36. Minnis, H., McMillan, A., Gillies, M., & Smith, S. (2001). Racial stereotyping: Survey of psychiatrists in the United Kingdom. British Medical Journal, 323, 905-906.
37. Morey, L., & Ochoa, E. (1989). An investigation of adherence to diagnostic criteria: Clinical diagnosis of the DSM-III personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 3, 180-192.
38. Morey, L., Warner, M., & Boggs, C. (2002). Gender bias in the personality disorders criteria: An investigation of five bias indicators. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 24, 55-65.
39. Morey, L. C., Gunderson, J. G., Quigley, B. D., Shea, M. T., Skodol, A. E., McGlashan, T. H., Stout, R. L., & Zanarini, M. C. (2002). The representations of borderline, avoidant, obsessive-compulsive, and schizotypal personality disorders by the Five-Factor Model. Journal of Personality Disorders, 16, 215-234.
40. Mullins-Sweatt, S. N., Jamerson, J. E., Samuel, D. B., Olson, D. R., & Widiger, T. A. (2006). Psychometric properties of an abbreviated measure of the Five-Factor Model. Assessment, 13, 119-137.
41. O'Connor, B. P. (2005). A search for consensus on the dimensional structure of personality disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61, 323-645.
42. Rienzi, B., & Scrams, D. (1991) Gender stereotypes for paranoid, antisocial, compulsive, dependent, and histrionic personality disorders. Psychological Reports, 69, 976-978.
43. Ross, R., Frances, A. J., & Widiger, T. A. (1995). Gender issues in DSM-IV. In J. M. Oldham and M. B. Riba, Review of psychiatry (Vol 14, pp. 205-226). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
44. Samuel, D. B., & Widiger, T. A. (2004). Clinicians' descriptions of prototypic personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 18, 286-308.
45. Samuel, D. B., & Widiger, T. A. (2006). Clinicians' judgments of clinical utility: A comparison of the DSM-IV and Five-Factor Models. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115, 298-308.
46. Samuel, D. B., & Widiger, T. A. (2008). A meta-analytic review of the relationships between the Five-Factor Model and DSM-IV-TR personality disorders: A facet level analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 1326-1342. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.07.002.
47. Shedler, J. (2002). A new language for psychoanalytic diagnosis. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 50, 429-456.
48. Spitzer, R. L., First, M. B., Shedler, J., Westen, D., & Skodol, A. E. (2008). Clinical utility of five dimensional systems of personality diagnosis: A 'consumer preference' study. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 196, 356-374.
49. Sprock, J., Blashfield, R. K., & Smith, B. (1990). Gender weighting of the DSM-III-R personality disorder criteria. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 586-590.
50. Strack, S. (2005). An integrationist perspective on personality assessment. Journal of Personality Assessment, 84, 105-107.
51. Verheul, R. (2005). Clinical utility for dimensional models of personality pathology. Journal of Personality Disorders, 19, 283-302.
52. Warner, R. (1978). The diagnosis of antisocial and hysterical personality disorders. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 166, 839-845.
53. Widiger, T. A. (1998). Sex biases in the diagnosis of personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 12, 95-118.
54. Widiger, T. A. (2007). DSM's approach to gender: History and controversies. In W. E. Narrow, M. B. First, P. J. Sirovatka, & D. A. Regier (Eds.), Age and gender considerations in psychiatric diagnosis. A research agenda for DSM-V (pp. 19-29). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
55. Widiger, T. A., & Costa, P. T., Jr. (2002). Five-Factor Model personality disorder research. In P. T. Costa, Jr., & T. A. Widiger (Eds.) Personality disorders and the Five-Factor Model of personality (2nd ed., pp. 59-87). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
56. Widiger, T. A., & Trull, T. J. (2007). Plate tectonics in the classification of personality disorder: Shifting to a dimensional model. American Psychologist, 62, 71-83.
57. Widiger, T. A., Trull, T J., Clarkin, J. F., Sanderson, C. J., & Costa, P. T., Jr. (2002). A description of the DSM-IV personality disorders with the Five-Factor Model of personality. In P. T. Costa Jr., & T. A. Widiger (Eds.), Personality disorders and the Five-Factor Model of personality (2nd ed., pp. 89-99). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
58. Wiggins, J. S. (2003). Paradigms of personality assessment. New York: Guilford.
59. Worell, J. (in press). Issues in clinical assessment with women. In J. Butcher (Ed.), Oxford handbook of personality assessment. New York: Oxford University Press.