Autonomic nervous system function and depth of sedation in adults receiving mechanical ventilation

American Journal of Critical Care

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 42-51

  Unoki, Takeshi ^a   Grap, Mary Jo ^b   Sessler, Curtis N ^b   Best, Al M ^b   Wetzel, Paul ^b   Hamilton, Anne ^b   Mellott, Karen G ^b   Munro, Cindy L ^b  

^a ST LUKE'S INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FENTANYL; HYPNOTIC SEDATIVE AGENT;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; DEEP SEDATION; DRUG EFFECT; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMAN; MALE; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; PHYSIOLOGY; PILOT STUDY; PROSPECTIVE STUDY;

ADULT; AGED; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; DEEP SEDATION; FEMALE; FENTANYL; HEART RATE; HUMANS; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PILOT PROJECTS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 60849097600     PISSN: 10623264     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4037/ajcc2009509     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Schmidt HB, Werdan K, Müller-Werdan U. Autonomic dysfunction in the ICU patient. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2001;7(5): 314-322.
2. Malliani A, Lombardi F, Pagani M, Cerutti S. Power spectral analysis of cardiovascular variability in patients at risk for sudden cardiac death. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 1994;5(3):274-286.
3. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Eur Heart J. 1996; 17(3):354-381.
4. Sztajzel J. Heart rate variability: a noninvasive electrocardiographic method to measure the autonomic nervous system. Swiss Med Wkly. 2004;134(35-36):514-522.
5. Pomeranz B, Macaulay RJ, Caudill MA, et al. Assessment of autonomic function in humans by heart rate spectral analysis. Am J Physiol. 1985;248(pt 1):H151-H153.
6. Uemura S, Tomoda Y, Fujimoto S, et al. Heart rate variability and ventricular arrhythmia in clinically stable patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Jpn Circ J. 1997;61(10): 819-826.
7. Pruvot E, Thonet G, Vesin JM, et al. Heart rate dynamics at the onset of ventricular tachyarrhythmias as retrieved from implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2000;101(20):2398-2404.
8. Fei L, Statters DJ, Hnatkova K, Poloniecki J, Malik M, Camm AJ. Change of autonomic influence on the heart immediately before the onset of spontaneous idiopathic ventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;24(6):1515-1522.
9. Huikuri HV, Koistinen MJ, Yli-Mäyry S, et al. Impaired lowfrequency oscillations of heart rate in patients with prior acute myocardial infarction and life-threatening arrhythmias. Am J Cardiol. 1995;76(1):56-60.
10. Schmidt H, Müller-Werdan U, Hoffmann T, et al. Autonomic dysfunction predicts mortality in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome of different age groups. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(9):1994-2002.
11. Stein PK, Schmieg RE Jr, El-Fouly A, Domitrovich PP, Buchman TG. Association between heart rate variability recorded on postoperative day 1 and length of stay in abdominal aortic surgery patients. Crit Care Med. 2001;29:1738-1743.
12. Pontet J, Contreras P, Curbelo A, et al. Heart rate variability as early marker of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in septic patients. J Crit Care. 2003;18(3):156-163.
13. Korach M, Sharshar T, Jarrin I, et al. Cardiac variability in critically ill adults: influence of sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2001;29(7):1380-1385.
14. Baillard C, Vivien B, Mansier P, et al. Brain death assessment using instant spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(2):306-310.
15. O'Flaherty D. Heart rate variability and anaesthesia. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1993;10:419-432.
16. Nishiyama T, Misawa K, Yokoyama T, Hanaoka K. Effects of combining midazolam and barbiturate on the response to tracheal intubation: changes in autonomic nervous system. J Clin Anesth. 2002;14(5):344-348.
17. Latson TW, O'Flaherty D. Effects of surgical stimulation on autonomic reflex function: assessment by changes in heart rate variability. Br J Anaesth. 1993;70(3):301-305.
18. Kress JP, Hall JB. Sedation in the mechanically ventilated patient. Crit Care Med. 2006;34:2541-2546.
19. Hogarth DK, Hall J. Management of sedation in mechanically ventilated patients. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2004;10:40-46.
20. Sessler CN, Grap MJ, Brophy GM. Multidisciplinary management of sedation and analgesia in critical care. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;22:211-226.
21. Buchman TG, Stein PK, Goldstein B. Heart rate variability in critical illness and critical care. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2002;8:311-315.
22. Haberthür C, Lehmann F, Ritz R. Assessment of depth of midazolam sedation using objective parameters. Intensive Care Med. 1996;22(12):1385-1390.
23. Kanaya N, Hirata N, Kurosawa S, Nakayama M, Namiki A. Differential effects of propofol and sevoflurane on heart rate variability. Anesthesiology. 2003;98:34-40.
24. Grap MJ, Sessler CN, Best AM, et al. Physiologic stability and patients' comfort during varying levels of sedation in adults receiving mechanical ventilation [abstract]. Am J Crit Care. 2006;15(3):334.
25. Chen X, Tang J, White PF, et al. A comparison of Patient State Index and Bispectral Index values during the perioperative period. Anesth Analg. 2002;95(6):1669-1674.
26. Schneider G, Heglmeier S, Schneider J, Tempel G, Kochs EF. Patient State Index (PSI) measures depth of sedation in intensive care patients. Intensive Care Med. 2004;30:213-216.
27. Sessler CN, Kollef M, Hamilton A, Grap MJ. Comparison of depth of sedation measured by PSA 4000 and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) [abstract]. Chest. 2005;128:151S.
28. Jacobsohn E, De Wet C, Tymkew H, et al. Use of the Patient State Index (PSI) to assist in the diagnosis of perioperative neurological injury and brain death. J Clin Monit Comput. 2005;19(3):219-222.
29. Bilan A, Witczak A, Palusinski R, Myslinski W, Hanzlik J. Circadian rhythm of spectral indices of heart rate variability in healthy subjects. J Electrocardiol. 2005;38:239-243.
30. Lombardi F. Clinical implications of present physiological understanding of HRV components. Card Electrophysiol Rev. 2002;6:245-249.
31. Agelink MW, Majewski TB, Andrich J, Mueck-Weymann M. Short-term effects of intravenous benzodiazepines on autonomic neurocardiac regulation in humans: a comparison between midazolam, diazepam, and lorazepam. Crit Care Med. 2002;30:997-1006.
32. Win NN, Fukayama H, Kohase H, Umino M. The different effects of intravenous propofol and midazolam sedation on hemodynamic and heart rate variability. Anesth Analg. 2005;101:97-102.
33. Galletly DC, Williams TB, Robinson BJ. Periodic cardiovascular and ventilatory activity during midazolam sedation. Br J Anaesth. 1996;76:503-507.
34. Ebert TJ. Sympathetic and hemodynamic effects of moderate and deep sedation with propofol in humans. Anesthesiology. 2005;103:20-24.
35. Robinson BJ, Ebert TJ, O'Brien TJ, Colinco MD, Muzi M. Mechanisms whereby propofol mediates peripheral vasodilation in humans: sympathoinhibition or direct vascular relaxation? Anesthesiology. 1997;86:64-72.
36. Bowdle TA. Adverse effects of opioid agonists and agonistantagonists in anaesthesia. Drug Saf. 1998;19(3):173-189.
37. Eckberg DL. Human sinus arrhythmia as an index of vagal cardiac outflow. J Appl Physiol. 1983;54:961-966.
38. Brown TE, Beightol LA, Koh J, Eckberg DL. Important influence of respiration on human R-R interval power spectra is largely ignored. J Appl Physiol. 1993;75:2310-2317.
39. Pöyhönen M, Syväoja S, Hartikainen J, Ruokonen E, Takala J. The effect of carbon dioxide, respiratory rate and tidal volume on human heart rate variability. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2004;48:93-101.
40. Forster A, Gardaz JP, Suter PM, Gemperle M. Respiratory depression by midazolam and diazepam. Anesthesiology. 1980;53:494-497.
41. Lumb BL. Anaesthesia. In: Nunn's Applied Respiratory Physiology. 5th ed. Boston, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann; 2000:420-459.
42. Yien HW, Hseu SS, Lee LC, et al. Spectral analysis of systemic arterial pressure and heart rate signals as a prognostic tool for the prediction of patient outcome in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 1997;25:258-266.
43. Furlan R, Guzzetti S, Crivellaro W, et al. Continuous 24-hour assessment of the neural regulation of systemic arterial pressure and RR variabilities in ambulant subjects. Circulation. 1990;81(2):537-547.
44. Chase JG, Agogue F, Starfinger C, et al. Quantifying agitation in sedated ICU patients using digital imaging. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2004;76(2):131-141.
45. Chen GY, Kuo CD. The effect of the lateral decubitus position on vagal tone. Anaesthesia. 1997;52:653-657.
46. Li D, Puntillo K. What is the current evidence on pain and sedation assessment in nonresponsive patients in the intensive care unit? Crit Care Nurse. 2004;24(5):68, 70, 72-73.