메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 155-171

Measurement of Water Activity, Moisture Sorption Isotherms, and Moisture Content of Foods

Author keywords

Measurement of water activity; Measurement technique; Moisture content of foods; Moisture sorption isotherms; Temperature stability

Indexed keywords


EID: 60749126478     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470376454.ch6     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (21)

References (74)
  • 1
    • 84987280196 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of Aspergillus in an intermediate moisture food system
    • Acott, K.M., and Labuza, T.P. 1975. Inhibition of Aspergillus in an intermediate moisture food system. Journal of Food Science 40:137-139.
    • (1975) Journal of Food Science , vol.40 , pp. 137-139
    • Acott, K.M.1    Labuza, T.P.2
  • 2
    • 0009098919 scopus 로고
    • Determination and correlation of the water activity of propylene glycol solutions
    • Alzamora, S.M., Chirife, J., and Gerschenson, L.N. 1994. Determination and correlation of the water activity of propylene glycol solutions. Food Research International 27:65-67.
    • (1994) Food Research International , vol.27 , pp. 65-67
    • Alzamora, S.M.1    Chirife, J.2    Gerschenson, L.N.3
  • 3
    • 33751097749 scopus 로고
    • Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International
    • Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), Ed. T.R. Mulvaney. Arlington, VA: AOAC International.
    • Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). 1995. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. Ed. T.R. Mulvaney. Arlington, VA: AOAC International. pp. 42-1 to 42-2.
    • (1995)
  • 4
    • 0004076321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moisture Sorption: Practical Aspects of Isotherm Measurement and Use
    • 2nd Edition. St. Paul: American Association of Cereal Chemists.
    • Bell, L.N., and Labuza, T.P. 2000. Moisture Sorption: Practical Aspects of Isotherm Measurement and Use, 2nd Edition. St. Paul: American Association of Cereal Chemists.
    • (2000)
    • Bell, L.N.1    Labuza, T.P.2
  • 5
    • 84985258689 scopus 로고
    • Water activity calculation by direct measurement of vapor pressure
    • Benado, A.L., and Rizvi, S.S.H. 1987. Water activity calculation by direct measurement of vapor pressure. Journal of Food Science 52:429-432.
    • (1987) Journal of Food Science , vol.52 , pp. 429-432
    • Benado, A.L.1    Rizvi, S.S.H.2
  • 6
    • 84889792778 scopus 로고
    • Decagon Devices, Inc., assignee
    • inventors. 1998 Oct 6. Water activity and dew point temperature measuring apparatus and method. U.S. patent 5
    • Campbell, G.S., and Lewis, D.P., inventors. 1988. Decagon Devices, Inc., assignee. 1998 Oct 6. Water activity and dew point temperature measuring apparatus and method. U.S. patent 5, 816, 704.
    • (1988) , vol.816 , pp. 704
    • Campbell, G.S.1    Lewis, D.P.2
  • 7
    • 0000805246 scopus 로고
    • Unsaturated solutions of sodium chloride as reference sources of water activity at various temperatures
    • Chirife, J., and Resnik, S.L. 1984. Unsaturated solutions of sodium chloride as reference sources of water activity at various temperatures. Journal of Food Science 49:1486-1488.
    • (1984) Journal of Food Science , vol.49 , pp. 1486-1488
    • Chirife, J.1    Resnik, S.L.2
  • 8
    • 84867907561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 74th Edition. 1993. Cleveland, OH: The Chemical Rubber Company.
    • CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 74th Edition. 1993. Cleveland, OH: The Chemical Rubber Company.
    • CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
  • 9
    • 0002562655 scopus 로고
    • Water and ice
    • In:, 2nd Edition, ed. O.R. Fennema,, New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • Fennema, O.R. 1985. Water and ice. In: Food Chemistry, 2nd Edition, ed. O.R. Fennema, pp. 23-67. New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • (1985) Food Chemistry , pp. 23-67
    • Fennema, O.R.1
  • 10
    • 84987260217 scopus 로고
    • Water activity determination in foods in the range 0.80 to 0.99
    • Fett, H.M. 1973. Water activity determination in foods in the range 0.80 to 0.99. Journal of Food Science 38:1097-1098.
    • (1973) Journal of Food Science , vol.38 , pp. 1097-1098
    • Fett, H.M.1
  • 11
    • 84991153607 scopus 로고
    • The evaluation of water activity in aqueous solutions from freezing point depression
    • Fontan, C.F., and Chirife, J. 1981. The evaluation of water activity in aqueous solutions from freezing point depression. Journal of Food Technology 16:21.
    • (1981) Journal of Food Technology , vol.16 , pp. 21
    • Fontan, C.F.1    Chirife, J.2
  • 12
    • 84857911083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dewpoint method for the determination of water activity
    • In:, ed. R.E. Wrolstad,, New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    • Fontana, A.J. 2001. Dewpoint method for the determination of water activity. In: Current Protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry, ed. R.E. Wrolstad, pp. A2.2.1 to A2.2.10. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    • (2001) Current Protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry
    • Fontana, A.J.1
  • 13
    • 84982103936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water activity
    • In:, 2nd Edition, ed. L.M.L. Nollet,, New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • Fontana, A.J., and Campbell, C.S. 2004. Water activity. In: Handbook of Food Analysis, 2nd Edition, ed. L.M.L. Nollet, pp. 39-54. New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • (2004) Handbook of Food Analysis , pp. 39-54
    • Fontana, A.J.1    Campbell, C.S.2
  • 14
    • 84889785290 scopus 로고
    • Influence of organic volatiles during water activity measurement with a fiber-dimensional hygrometer
    • Gerschenson, L., Favetto, G., and Chirife, J. 1984. Influence of organic volatiles during water activity measurement with a fiber-dimensional hygrometer. Lebensittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie 17:342-344.
    • (1984) Lebensittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie , vol.17 , pp. 342-344
    • Gerschenson, L.1    Favetto, G.2    Chirife, J.3
  • 16
    • 0033585487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple method to determine the water activity of ethanol-containing samples
    • Hallsworth, J.E. and Nomura, Y. 1999. A simple method to determine the water activity of ethanol-containing samples. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 62:242-245.
    • (1999) Biotechnology and Bioengineering , vol.62 , pp. 242-245
    • Hallsworth, J.E.1    Nomura, Y.2
  • 17
    • 84889825679 scopus 로고
    • Food water relations
    • Dec 1995/Jan
    • Harris, G.A. 1995. Food water relations. Food Technology Europe 2 Dec 1995/Jan 1996:96-98.
    • (1995) Food Technology Europe 2 , vol.1996 , pp. 96-98
    • Harris, G.A.1
  • 18
    • 0020828165 scopus 로고
    • Filament hygrometer for water activity measurement interlaboratory evaluation
    • Jakobsen, M. 1983. Filament hygrometer for water activity measurement interlaboratory evaluation. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 66:1106-1111.
    • (1983) Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists , vol.66 , pp. 1106-1111
    • Jakobsen, M.1
  • 19
    • 0010952810 scopus 로고
    • Techniques for measurement of moisture content of foods
    • Karmas, E. 1980. Techniques for measurement of moisture content of foods. Food Technology 34:52.
    • (1980) Food Technology , vol.34 , pp. 52
    • Karmas, E.1
  • 20
    • 0002621249 scopus 로고
    • Interpretation of sorption data in relation to the state of constituent water
    • a, In:, ed. R.B. Duckworth,, New York: Academic Press.
    • Labuza, T.P. 1975a. Interpretation of sorption data in relation to the state of constituent water. In: Water Relations of Foods, ed. R.B. Duckworth, pp. 155-172. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1975) Water Relations of Foods , pp. 155-172
    • Labuza, T.P.1
  • 21
    • 0002850044 scopus 로고
    • Sorption phenomena in foods: Theoretical and practical aspects
    • b, In:, ed. C. Rha,, Dordrecht, the Netherlands: D. Reidel Publishing Co.
    • Labuza, T.P. 1975b. Sorption phenomena in foods: Theoretical and practical aspects. In: Theory, Determination and Control of Physical Properties of Food Materials, ed. C. Rha, pp. 197-219. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: D. Reidel Publishing Co.
    • (1975) Theory, Determination and Control of Physical Properties of Food Materials , pp. 197-219
    • Labuza, T.P.1
  • 23
    • 84889824636 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the Abbeon cup analyzer compared to the VPM and Fett-Vos methods for water activity measurement
    • Labuza, T.P., Kreisman, L.N., Heinz, C.A., and Lewicki, P.P. 1977. Evaluation of the Abbeon cup analyzer compared to the VPM and Fett-Vos methods for water activity measurement. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 1:31-41.
    • (1977) Journal of Food Processing and Preservation , vol.1 , pp. 31-41
    • Labuza, T.P.1    Kreisman, L.N.2    Heinz, C.A.3    Lewicki, P.P.4
  • 24
    • 84985268956 scopus 로고
    • Effect of temperature on the moisture sorption isotherms and water activity shift of two dehydrated foods
    • Labuza, T.P., Kaanane, A., and Chen, J.Y. 1985. Effect of temperature on the moisture sorption isotherms and water activity shift of two dehydrated foods. Journal of Food Science 50:385-391.
    • (1985) Journal of Food Science , vol.50 , pp. 385-391
    • Labuza, T.P.1    Kaanane, A.2    Chen, J.Y.3
  • 25
    • 0002174389 scopus 로고
    • The significance of water activity for micro-organisms in meats
    • In:, ed. R.B. Duckworth,, London: Academic Press.
    • Leistner, L., and Rödel, W. 1975. The significance of water activity for micro-organisms in meats. In: Water Relations of Foods, ed. R.B. Duckworth, pp. 309-323. London: Academic Press.
    • (1975) Water Relations of Foods , pp. 309-323
    • Leistner, L.1    Rödel, W.2
  • 26
    • 0000571960 scopus 로고
    • Water activity and freezing point depression of aqueous solutions and liquid foods
    • Lerici, C.R., Piva, M., and Dalla, R.M. 1983. Water activity and freezing point depression of aqueous solutions and liquid foods. Journal of Food Science 48:1667-1669.
    • (1983) Journal of Food Science , vol.48 , pp. 1667-1669
    • Lerici, C.R.1    Piva, M.2    Dalla, R.M.3
  • 27
    • 0023542126 scopus 로고
    • Design of water activity vapor pressure manometer
    • Lewicki, P.P. 1987. Design of water activity vapor pressure manometer. Journal of Food Engineering 6:405-422.
    • (1987) Journal of Food Engineering , vol.6 , pp. 405-422
    • Lewicki, P.P.1
  • 28
    • 0024883193 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of water activity of saturated salt solutions with the vapor pressure manometer
    • Lewicki, P.P. 1989. Measurement of water activity of saturated salt solutions with the vapor pressure manometer. Journal of Food Engineering 10:39-55.
    • (1989) Journal of Food Engineering , vol.10 , pp. 39-55
    • Lewicki, P.P.1
  • 29
    • 84987285882 scopus 로고
    • Determination of factors controlling accurate measurement of aw by the vapor pressure manometric technique
    • Lewicki, P.P., Busk, G.C., Peterson, P.L., and Labuza, T.P. 1978. Determination of factors controlling accurate measurement of aw by the vapor pressure manometric technique. Journal of Food Science 43:244-246.
    • (1978) Journal of Food Science , vol.43 , pp. 244-246
    • Lewicki, P.P.1    Busk, G.C.2    Peterson, P.L.3    Labuza, T.P.4
  • 31
    • 0344666845 scopus 로고
    • Improving accuracy and precision of water activity measurement with a water vapor pressure manometer
    • Nunes, R.V, Urbicain, M.J., and Rotstein, E. 1985. Improving accuracy and precision of water activity measurement with a water vapor pressure manometer. Journal of Food Science 50:148-149.
    • (1985) Journal of Food Science , vol.50 , pp. 148-149
    • Nunes, R.V.1    Urbicain, M.J.2    Rotstein, E.3
  • 32
    • 0043222711 scopus 로고
    • Handbook of Moisture Determination and Control
    • Vol. 1. New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • Pande, A. 1974. Handbook of Moisture Determination and Control. Vol. 1. New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • (1974)
    • Pande, A.1
  • 33
    • 0043222711 scopus 로고
    • Handbook of Moisture Determination and Control
    • New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • Pande, A. 1975. Handbook of Moisture Determination and Control. Vol. 2-4. New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • (1975) , vol.2-4
    • Pande, A.1
  • 34
    • 84872888739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of moisture and ash contents of food
    • In:, ed. L.M.L. Nollet,, New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • Park, Y.W. 1996. Determination of moisture and ash contents of food. In: Handbook of Food Analysis, ed. L.M.L. Nollet, pp. 59-92. New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • (1996) Handbook of Food Analysis , pp. 59-92
    • Park, Y.W.1
  • 35
    • 1842600405 scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of available filters for an electric hygrometer for measurement of water activity in the food industry
    • Pollio, M.L., Kitic, D., Favetto, G., and Chirife, J. 1986. Effectiveness of available filters for an electric hygrometer for measurement of water activity in the food industry. Journal of Food Science 51:1358-1359.
    • (1986) Journal of Food Science , vol.51 , pp. 1358-1359
    • Pollio, M.L.1    Kitic, D.2    Favetto, G.3    Chirife, J.4
  • 37
    • 0012957005 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of water activity in foods: A review
    • Prior, B.A. 1979. Measurement of water activity in foods: A review. Journal of Food Protein 42:668-674.
    • (1979) Journal of Food Protein , vol.42 , pp. 668-674
    • Prior, B.A.1
  • 38
    • 4243716082 scopus 로고
    • Water activity and sorption properties of food
    • In:, ed. M.S. Rahman,, Baca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
    • Rahman, M.S. 1995. Water activity and sorption properties of food. In: Food Properties Handbook, ed. M.S. Rahman, pp. 1-86. Baca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
    • (1995) Food Properties Handbook , pp. 1-86
    • Rahman, M.S.1
  • 39
    • 4243796670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of water activity by electronic sensors
    • In:, ed. R.E. Wrolstad,, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    • Rahman, M.S., and Sablani, S.S. 2001. Measurement of water activity by electronic sensors. In: Current Protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry, ed. R.E. Wrolstad, pp. A2.5.1 to A2.5.4. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    • (2001) Current Protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry
    • Rahman, M.S.1    Sablani, S.S.2
  • 41
    • 84889828103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors to consider when estimating water vapor pressure
    • In:, ed. R.E. Wrolstad,, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    • Reid, D.S. 2001. Factors to consider when estimating water vapor pressure. In: Current Protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry, ed. R.E. Wrolstad, pp. A2.1.1 to A2.1.3. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    • (2001) Current Protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry
    • Reid, D.S.1
  • 44
    • 84985269056 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the effect of solute in water-binding and gel strength properties of carrageenan
    • Rey, D.K., and Labuza, T.P. 1981. Characterization of the effect of solute in water-binding and gel strength properties of carrageenan. Journal of Food Science 46:786-789.
    • (1981) Journal of Food Science , vol.46 , pp. 786-789
    • Rey, D.K.1    Labuza, T.P.2
  • 45
    • 0001889191 scopus 로고
    • Rapid determination of the water activity of some reference solutions, culture media and cheese using a new dew point apparatus
    • Richard, J., and Labuza, T.P. 1990. Rapid determination of the water activity of some reference solutions, culture media and cheese using a new dew point apparatus. Sciences Des Aliments 10:57-64.
    • (1990) Sciences Des Aliments , vol.10 , pp. 57-64
    • Richard, J.1    Labuza, T.P.2
  • 46
    • 0000884635 scopus 로고
    • Thermocouple for vapor pressure measurement in biological and soil systems at high humidity
    • Richards, L.A., and Ogata, G. 1958. Thermocouple for vapor pressure measurement in biological and soil systems at high humidity. Science 1089-1090.
    • (1958) Science , pp. 1089-1090
    • Richards, L.A.1    Ogata, G.2
  • 47
    • 0003028031 scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic properties of foods in dehydration
    • In:, eds. M.A. Rao and S.S.H. Rizvi. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
    • Rizvi, S.S.H. 1986. Thermodynamic properties of foods in dehydration. In: Engineering Properties of Foods, eds. M.A. Rao and S.S.H. Rizvi. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
    • (1986) Engineering Properties of Foods
    • Rizvi, S.S.H.1
  • 48
    • 0003028031 scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic properties of foods in dehydration
    • In:, 2nd Edition, eds. M.A. Rao and S.S.H. Rizvi,, New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
    • Rizvi, S.S.H. 1995. Thermodynamic properties of foods in dehydration. In: Engineering Properties of Foods, 2nd Edition, eds. M.A. Rao and S.S.H. Rizvi, p. 123. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
    • (1995) Engineering Properties of Foods , pp. 123
    • Rizvi, S.S.H.1
  • 49
    • 0000105737 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of water activity measurements with a dew point electronic humidity meter
    • Roa, V, and Tapia de Daza, M.S. 1991. Evaluation of water activity measurements with a dew point electronic humidity meter. Lebensittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie 24:208-213.
    • (1991) Lebensittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie , vol.24 , pp. 208-213
    • Roa, V.1    Tapia De Daza, M.S.2
  • 50
    • 0003620513 scopus 로고
    • Electrolyte Solutions; The Measurement and Interpretation of Conductance, Chemical Potential, and Diffusion in Solutions of Simple Electrolytes
    • London: Butterworth.
    • Robinson, R.A., and Stokes, R.H. 1965. Electrolyte Solutions; The Measurement and Interpretation of Conductance, Chemical Potential, and Diffusion in Solutions of Simple Electrolytes. London: Butterworth.
    • (1965)
    • Robinson, R.A.1    Stokes, R.H.2
  • 51
    • 0005486689 scopus 로고
    • Verbesserter aw-Wert-Messer zur Bestimmung der Wasseraktivität (aw-Wert) von Fleisch und Fleischwaren
    • Rödel, W., Ponert, H., and Leistner, L. 1975. Verbesserter aw-Wert-Messer zur Bestimmung der Wasseraktivität (aw-Wert) von Fleisch und Fleischwaren. Fleischwirtschaft 55:557-558.
    • (1975) Fleischwirtschaft , vol.55 , pp. 557-558
    • Rödel, W.1    Ponert, H.2    Leistner, L.3
  • 52
    • 0003626630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water activity and its measurement in food
    • In:, ed. E. Kress-Rogers,, Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited.
    • Rödel, W. 1998. Water activity and its measurement in food. In: Instrumentation and Sensors for the Food Industry, ed. E. Kress-Rogers, pp. 375-415. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited.
    • (1998) Instrumentation and Sensors for the Food Industry , pp. 375-415
    • Rödel, W.1
  • 53
    • 33847113484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water activity and its measurement in food
    • In:, 2nd Edition, E. Kress-Rogers and C.B. Brimelow,, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
    • Rödel, W. 2001. Water activity and its measurement in food. In: Instrumentation and Sensors for the Food Industry, 2nd Edition, E. Kress-Rogers and C.B. Brimelow, pp. 453-483. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
    • (2001) Instrumentation and Sensors for the Food Industry , pp. 453-483
    • Rödel, W.1
  • 54
    • 4243796670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of water activity using isopiestic method
    • In:, ed. R.E. Wrolstad,, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    • Sablani, S.S., Rahman, M.S., and Labuza, T.P. 2001. Measurement of water activity using isopiestic method. In: Current Protocols In Food Analytical Chemistry, ed. R.E. Wrolstad, pp. A2.3.1 to A2.3.10. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    • (2001) Current Protocols In Food Analytical Chemistry
    • Sablani, S.S.1    Rahman, M.S.2    Labuza, T.P.3
  • 55
    • 84964355221 scopus 로고
    • Water activity tester suited to compliance and high Aw work
    • Sharpe, A.N., Diotte, M.P., and Dudas, I. 1991. Water activity tester suited to compliance and high Aw work. Journal of Food Protein 54:277-282.
    • (1991) Journal of Food Protein , vol.54 , pp. 277-282
    • Sharpe, A.N.1    Diotte, M.P.2    Dudas, I.3
  • 56
    • 0025299651 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of three equilibrium relative humidity measuring devices
    • Snavely, M.J., Price, J.C., and Jun, H.W. 1990. A comparison of three equilibrium relative humidity measuring devices. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 16:1399-1409.
    • (1990) Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm , vol.16 , pp. 1399-1409
    • Snavely, M.J.1    Price, J.C.2    Jun, H.W.3
  • 57
    • 84987313885 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of a vapor pressure manometer for measurement of water activity in nonfat dry milk
    • Sood, VC., and Heldman, D.R. 1974. Analysis of a vapor pressure manometer for measurement of water activity in nonfat dry milk. Journal of Food Science 39:1011-1013.
    • (1974) Journal of Food Science , vol.39 , pp. 1011-1013
    • Sood, V.C.1    Heldman, D.R.2
  • 58
    • 85052163554 scopus 로고
    • Critical evaluation of methods to determine moisture sorption isotherms
    • a, In:, eds. L.B. Rockland and L.R. Beuchat,, New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
    • Spiess, W.E.L., and Wolf, W. 1987a. Critical evaluation of methods to determine moisture sorption isotherms. In: Water Activity: Theory and Applications to Food, eds. L.B. Rockland and L.R. Beuchat, pp. 215-233. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
    • (1987) Water Activity: Theory and Applications to Food , pp. 215-233
    • Spiess, W.E.L.1    Wolf, W.2
  • 59
    • 0001845618 scopus 로고
    • Water activity
    • b, In:, eds. L.B. Rockland and L.R. Beuchat,, New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • Spiess, W.E.L., and Wolf, W. 1987b. Water activity. In: Water Activity: Theory and Applications to Food, eds. L.B. Rockland and L.R. Beuchat, pp. 215-233. New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • (1987) Water Activity: Theory and Applications to Food , pp. 215-233
    • Spiess, W.E.L.1    Wolf, W.2
  • 61
    • 0001661941 scopus 로고
    • Calibration of water activity measuring instruments and devices: Collaborative study
    • Stoloff, L. 1978. Calibration of water activity measuring instruments and devices: Collaborative study. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 61:1166-1178.
    • (1978) Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists , vol.61 , pp. 1166-1178
    • Stoloff, L.1
  • 62
    • 0014803982 scopus 로고
    • Influence of water activity on the growth of Clostridium per-frigens
    • Strong, D.H., Foster, E.M., and Duncan, C.L. 1970. Influence of water activity on the growth of Clostridium per-frigens. Applied Microbiology 19:980-987.
    • (1970) Applied Microbiology , vol.19 , pp. 980-987
    • Strong, D.H.1    Foster, E.M.2    Duncan, C.L.3
  • 63
    • 0023441285 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of precision estimates for fiber-dimensional and electrical hygrometers for water activity determinations
    • Stroup, W.H., Peeler, J.T., and Smith, K. 1987. Evaluation of precision estimates for fiber-dimensional and electrical hygrometers for water activity determinations. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 70:955-957.
    • (1987) Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists , vol.70 , pp. 955-957
    • Stroup, W.H.1    Peeler, J.T.2    Smith, K.3
  • 64
    • 0003773182 scopus 로고
    • Methods of Analysis for Nutritional Labeling
    • Arlington, VA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) International.
    • Sullivan, D.M., and Carpenter, D.E. 1993. Methods of Analysis for Nutritional Labeling. Arlington, VA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) International.
    • (1993)
    • Sullivan, D.M.1    Carpenter, D.E.2
  • 65
    • 0012388161 scopus 로고
    • Determination of moisture equilibria in dehydrated foods
    • Taylor, A.A. 1961. Determination of moisture equilibria in dehydrated foods. Food Tech. 15:536-540.
    • (1961) Food Tech , vol.15 , pp. 536-540
    • Taylor, A.A.1
  • 66
    • 0003229191 scopus 로고
    • Methods to measure water activity
    • Troller, J.A. 1983a. Methods to measure water activity. J. Food Prot. 46:129-134.
    • (1983) J. Food Prot , vol.46 , pp. 129-134
    • Troller, J.A.1
  • 67
    • 84992231908 scopus 로고
    • Water activity measurements with a capacitance manometer
    • Troller, J.A. 1983b. Water activity measurements with a capacitance manometer. J. Food Sci. 48:739-741.
    • (1983) J. Food Sci , vol.48 , pp. 739-741
    • Troller, J.A.1
  • 69
    • 0016044146 scopus 로고
    • Technique for measurements of water activity in the high aw range
    • Vos, P.T. and Labuza, T.P. 1974. Technique for measurements of water activity in the high aw range. J. Agric. Food Chem. 22:326-327.
    • (1974) J. Agric. Food Chem , vol.22 , pp. 326-327
    • Vos, P.T.1    Labuza, T.P.2
  • 70
    • 84889859058 scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the Aqua Lab CX-2 system for measuring water activity
    • Voysey, P. 1993. An evaluation of the Aqua Lab CX-2 system for measuring water activity. F M B R A Digest 124:24-25.
    • (1993) F M B R A Digest , vol.124 , pp. 24-25
    • Voysey, P.1
  • 71
    • 84889876085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the measurement of water activity and ERH in foods
    • Gloucestershire: Campden & Chorleywood Food Research Association Group.
    • Voysey, P.A. 1999. Guidelines for the measurement of water activity and ERH in foods. Gloucestershire: Campden & Chorleywood Food Research Association Group.
    • (1999)
    • Voysey, P.A.1
  • 72
    • 84889814377 scopus 로고
    • A rapid psychrometric procedure for water activity measurement of foods in the intermediate moisture range
    • Wiebe, H.H., Kidambi, R.N., Richardson, G.H., and Ernstrom, C.A. 1981. A rapid psychrometric procedure for water activity measurement of foods in the intermediate moisture range. J. Food Prot. 44:892-895.
    • (1981) J. Food Prot , vol.44 , pp. 892-895
    • Wiebe, H.H.1    Kidambi, R.N.2    Richardson, G.H.3    Ernstrom, C.A.4
  • 73
    • 0002443543 scopus 로고
    • Standardization of isotherm measurements
    • In:, eds. D. Simato and J.L. Multon,, Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
    • Wolf, W., Spiess. W.E.L., and Jung, G. 1985. Standardization of isotherm measurements. In: Properties of Water in Foods, eds. D. Simato and J.L. Multon, pp. 661-679. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
    • (1985) Properties of Water in Foods , pp. 661-679
    • Wolf, W.1    Spiess, W.E.L.2    Jung, G.3
  • 74
    • 0032300863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and setting up of a water vapour pressure capacitance manometer for measurement of water activity
    • Zanoni, B., Peri, C., Giovanelli, G., and Pagliarini, E. 1999. Design and setting up of a water vapour pressure capacitance manometer for measurement of water activity. J. Food Eng. 38:407-423.
    • (1999) J. Food Eng , vol.38 , pp. 407-423
    • Zanoni, B.1    Peri, C.2    Giovanelli, G.3    Pagliarini, E.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.