Cardiorespiratory fitness and coronary artery calcification in young adults: The CARDIA Study

Atherosclerosis

Volumn 203, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 263-268

  Lee, Chong Do ^a   Jacobs Jr , David R ^b,c   Hankinson, Arlene ^d   Iribarren, Carlos ^e   Sidney, Stephen ^e  

^a ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^d NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e DIVISION OF RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

Cardiorespiratory fitness; Coronary artery calcification; Physical activity

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM;

ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; ARTERY CALCIFICATION; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; EXERCISE TEST; FEMALE; FITNESS; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TREADMILL;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; BLOOD PRESSURE; CALCINOSIS; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; EXERCISE TEST; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; RISK; RISK FACTORS; SMOKING; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED;

EID: 60649115225     PISSN: 00219150     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.06.012     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Wong N.D., Hsu J.C., Detrano R.C., et al. Coronary artery calcium evaluation by electron beam computed tomography and its relation to new cardiovascular events. Am J Cardiol 86 (2000) 495-498
2. He Z.X., Hedrick T.D., Pratt C.M., et al. Severity of coronary artery calcification by electron beam computed tomography predicts silent myocardial ischemia. Circulation 101 (2000) 244-251
3. Bouchard C., and Perusse L. Heredity, activity level, fitness, and health. In: Bouchard C., Shephard R.J., and Stephens T. (Eds). Physical activity, fitness, and health (1994), Human Kinetics Publishers Inc., Champaign, IL 106-118
4. Blair S.N., Kohl H.W., Paffenbarger R.S., et al. Physical fitness and all-cause mortality: a prospective study of healthy men and women. JAMA 262 (1989) 2395-2401
5. Blair S.N., Kohl H.W., Barlow C.E., et al. Changes in physical fitness and all-cause mortality: a prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men. JAMA 273 (1995) 1093-1098
6. Slattery M.L., and Jacobs D.R. Physical fitness and cardiovascular disease mortality: the US Railroad Study. Am J Epidemiol 127 (1988) 571-580
7. Blair S.N., Cooper K.H., Gibbons L.W., et al. Changes in coronary heart disease risk factors associated with increased treadmill time in 753 men. Am J Epidemiol 118 (1983) 352-359
8. Wood P.D., Stefanick M.L., Dreon D.M., et al. Changes in plasma lipids and lipoproteins in overweight men during weight loss through dieting as compared with exercise. N Engl J Med 319 (1988) 1173-1179
9. Patsch J.R., Prasad S., Gotto A.M., et al. High density lipoprotein2: relationship of the plasma levels of this lipoprotein species to its composition, to the magnitude of postprandial lipemia, and to the activities of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase. J Clin Invest 80 (1987) 341-347
10. Anderssen S.A., Haaland A., Hjermann I., et al. Oslo diet and exercise study: a one-year randomized intervention trial. Effect on hemostatic variables and other coronary risk factors. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 5 (1995) 189-200
11. Wang J.S., Jen C.J., Kung H.C., et al. Different effects of strenuous exercise and moderate exercise on platelet function in men. Circulation 90 (1994) 2877-2885
12. Eliasson M., Asplund K., and Evrin P.E. Regular leisure time physical activity predicts high activity of tissue plasminogen activator: the Northern Sweden MONICA Study. Int J Epidemiol 25 (1996) 1182-1188
13. Boman K., Hellsten G., Bruce A., et al. Endurance physical activity, diet and fibrinolysis. Atherosclerosis 106 (1994) 65-74
14. Sen C.K., Marin E., Kretzschmar M., et al. Skeletal muscle and liver glutathione homeostasis in response to training, exercise, and immobilization. J Appl Physiol 73 (1992) 1265-1272
15. Jenkins R.R., Friedland R., and Howald H. The relationship of oxygen uptake to superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in human skeletal muscle. Int J Sports Med 5 (1984) 11-14
16. Robertson J.D., Maughan R.J., Duthie G.G., et al. Increased blood antioxidant systems of runners in response to training load. Clin Sci 80 (1991) 611-618
17. Lakka T.A., Laukkanen J.A., Rauramaa R., et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness and the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged men. Ann Intern Med 134 (2001) 12-20
18. Rauramaa R., Rankinen T., Tuomainen P., et al. Inverse relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and carotid atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 112 (1995) 213-221
19. Taylor A.J., Watkins T., Bell D., et al. Physical activity and the presence and extent of calcified coronary atherosclerosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 34 (2002) 228-233
20. Folsom A.R., Evans G.W., Carr J., et al. Association of traditional and nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors with coronary artery calcification. Angiology 55 (2004) 613-623
21. Williams P.T. Physical fitness and activity as separate heart disease risk factors: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 33 (2001) 754-761
22. Schuler G., Hambrecht R., Schlierf G., et al. Regular physical exercise and low-fat diet: effects on progression of coronary artery disease. Circulation 86 (1992) 1-11
23. Niebaurer J., Hambrecht R., Velich T., et al. Attenuated progression of coronary artery disease after 6 years of multifactorial risk intervention: role of physical exercise. Circulation 96 (1997) 2534-2541
24. Haskell W.L., Alderman E.L., Fair J.M., et al. Effects of intensive multiple risk factor reduction on coronary atherosclerosis and clinical cardiac events in men and women with coronary artery disease: the Stanford Coronary Risk Intervention Project (SCRIP). Circulation 89 (1994) 975-990
25. Ornish D., Brown S.E., Scherwitz L.W., et al. Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart disease: the lifestyle heart trial. Lancet 336 (1990) 129-133
26. Ornish D., Scherwitz L.W., Billings J.H., et al. Intensive lifestyle changes for reversal of coronary heart disease. JAMA 280 (1998) 2001-2007
27. Friedman G.D., Cutter G.R., Donanahue R.P., et al. CARDIA: study design, recruitment, and some characteristics of the examined subjects. J Clin Epidemiol 41 (1988) 1105-1116
28. Warnick G.R. Enzymatic methods for quantification of lipoprotein lipids. Methods Enzymol 129 (1986) 101-123
29. 2+ precipitation procedure for quantitation of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. Clin Chem 28 (1982) 1379-1388
30. Friedewald W.T., Levy R.I., and Fredrickson D.S. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 18 (1972) 499-502
31. 2-isoprostanes and coronary artery calcification: the CARDIA Study. Clin Chem 51 (2005) 125-131
32. Fornage M., Boerwinkle E., Doris P.A., et al. Polymorphism of the soluble epoxide hydrolase is associated with African-American subjects: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Circulation 109 (2004) 335-339
33. Carr J.J., Nelson J.C., Wong N.D., et al. Calcified coronary artery plaque measurement with cardiac CT in population-based studies: standardized protocol of Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Radiology 234 (2005) 35-43
34. Sidney S., Haskell W.L., Crow R., et al. Symptom-limited graded treadmill exercise testing in young adults in the CARDIA Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 24 (1992) 177-183
35. Jacobs D.R., Hahn L., Haskell W.L., et al. Validity and reliability of short physical activity history: CARDIA Study and Minnesota Heart Health Program. J Cardiopulm Rehabil 9 (1989) 448-459
36. Sherman D.L. Exercise and endothelial function. Coronary Artery Dis 11 (2000) 117-122
37. Niebauer J., and Cooke J.P. Cardiovascular effects of exercise: role of endothelial shear stress. J Am Coll Cardiol 28 (1996) 1652-1660
38. Gielen S., Schuler G., and Hambrecht R. Exercise training in coronary artery disease and coronary vasomotion. Circulation 103 (2001) e1-e6
39. Wolfgang K., Sund M., Döring A., et al. Leisure-time physical activity but not work-related physical activity is associated with decreased plasma viscosity: results from a large population sample. Circulation 95 (1997) 335-341
40. Ernst E. Regular exercise reduces fibrinogen levels: a review of longitudinal studies. Br J Sports Med 27 (1993) 175-176