Transcription factors and regulation of photosynthetic and related metabolism under environmental stresses

Annals of Botany

Volumn 103, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 609-623

  Saibo, Nelson J M ^a   Lourenço, Tiago ^a   Oliveira, Maria Margarida ^a  

^a INSTITUTO DE TECNOLOGIA QUÍMICA E BIOLÓGICA   (Portugal)

Author keywords

ABA; Abiotic stress; Abiotic stress signalling; AP2 EREBP; Cold; Drought; MYB; Photosynthesis; Salt; Stomata; Transcription factors

Indexed keywords

TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR;

DROUGHT STRESS; ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS; GENE EXPRESSION; METABOLISM; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; STOMATA;

ADAPTATION; ENVIRONMENT; METABOLISM; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; REVIEW;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ENVIRONMENT; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; STRESS, PHYSIOLOGICAL; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS;

EID: 59849097652     PISSN: 03057364     EISSN: 10958290     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcn227     Document Type: Review

References (138)

1. Abe H, Urao T, Ito T, Seki M, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. 2003. Arabidopsis AtMYC2 (bHLH) and AtMYB2 (MYB) function as transcriptional activators in abscisic acid signaling. The Plant Cell 15: 63-78.
2. Agarwal M, Hao Y, Kapoor A, et al. 2006. A R2R3 type MYB transcription factor is involved in the cold regulation of CBF genes and in acquired freezing tolerance. Journal of Biological Chemistry 281: 37636-37645.
3. Aharoni A, Dixit S, Jetter R, Thoenes E, van Arkel G, Pereira A. 2004. The SHINE clade of AP2 domain transcription factors activates wax biosynthesis, alters cuticle properties, and confers drought tolerance when overexpressed in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 16: 2463-2480.
4. Allakhverdiev SI, Nishiyama Y, Miyairi S, et al. 2002. Salt stress inhibits the repair of photodamaged photosystem II by suppressing the transcription and translation of psbA genes in Synechocystis. Plant Physiology 130: 1443-1453.
5. Baena-Gonzalez E, Rolland F, Thevelein JM, Sheen J. 2007. A central integrator of transcription networks in plant stress and energy signalling. Nature 448: 938-942.
6. Baginsky S, Tiller K, Pfannschmidt T, Link G. 1999. PTK, the chloroplast RNA polymerase-associated protein kinase from mustard (Sinapis alba), mediates redox control of plastid in vitro transcription. Plant Molecular Biology 39: 1013-1023.
7. Balogun E, Hoque M, Gong P, et al. 2003. Curcumin activates the Haem oxygenase-1 gene via regulation of Nrf2 and the antioxidant-responsive element. Biochemical Journal 371: 887-895.
8. Barton MK. 2007. Making holes in leaves: promoting cell state transitions in stomatal development. The Plant Cell 19: 1140-1143.
9. Bowler C, Vanmontagu M, Inze D. 1992. Superoxide-dismutase and stress tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 43: 83-116.
10. Bressan RA, Hasegawa PM, Pardo JM. 1998. Plants use calcium to resolve salt stress. Trends in Plant Science 3: 411-412.
11. 2] to estimate diffusional and non-diffusional limitations of photosynthetic capacity of salt-stressed olive saplings. Plant, Cell and Environment 26: 585-594.
12. Chaerle L, Saibo N, Van Der Straeten D. 2005. Tuning the pores: towards engineering plants for improved water use efficiency. Trends in Biotechnology 23: 308-315.
13. Chattopadhyay S, Ang LH, Puente P, Deng XW, Wei N. 1998. Arabidopsis bZIP protein HY5 directly interacts with light-responsive promoters in mediating light control of gene expression. The Plant Cell 10: 673-683.
14. Chaves MM, Oliveira MM. 2004. Mechanisms underlying plant resilience to water deficits: prospects for water-saving agriculture. Journal of Experimental Botany 55: 2365-2384.
15. Chaves MM, Maroco JP, Pereira JS. 2003. Understanding plant responses to drought - from genes to the whole plant. Functional Plant Biology 30: 239-264.
16. Chinnusamy V, Ohta M, Kanrar S, et al. 2003. ICE1: a regulator of cold-induced transcriptome and freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis. Genes and Development 17: 1043-1054.
17. Choi H, Hong J, Ha J, Kang J, Kim SY. 2000. ABFs, a family of ABA-responsive element binding factors. Journal of Biological Chemistry 275: 1723-1730.
18. Christopher DA, Mullet JE. 1994. Separate photosensory pathways co-regulate blue-light/ultraviolet-A-activated psbD-psbC transcription and light-induced D2 and CP43 degradation in barley (Hordeum vulgare) chloroplasts. Plant Physiology 104: 1119-1129.
19. Churin Y, Adam E, Kozma-Bognar L, Nagy F, Borner T. 2003. Characterization of two Myb-like transcription factors binding to CAB promoters in wheat and barley. Plant Molecular Biology 52: 447-462.
20. Cominelli E, Galbiati M, Vavasseur A, Conti L, Sala T, Vuylsteke M, et al. 2005. A guard-cell-specific MYB transcription factor regulates stomatal movements and plant drought tolerance. Current Biology 15: 1196-1200.
21. Cornic G. 2000. Drought stress inhibits photosynthesis by decreasing stomatal aperture - not by affecting ATP synthesis. Trends in Plant Science 5: 187-188.
22. Dong CH, Agarwal M, Zhang Y, Xie Q, Zhu JK. 2006. The negative regulator of plant cold responses, HOS1, is a RING E3 ligase that mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of ICE1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 103: 8281-8286.
23. Dubouzet JG, Sakuma Y, Ito Y, et al. 2003. OsDREB genes in rice, Oryza sativa L., encode transcription activators that function in drought-, high-salt- and cold-responsive gene expression. The Plant Journal 33: 751-763.
24. Fitter DW, Martin DJ, Copley MJ, Scotland RW, Langdale JA. 2002. GLK gene pairs regulate chloroplast development in diverse plant species. The Plant Journal 31: 713-727.
25. Flexas J, Medrano H. 2002. Drought-inhibition of photosynthesis in C3 plants: stomatal and non-stomatal limitations revisited. Annals of Botany 89: 183-189.
26. Flexas J, Bota J, Escalona JM, Sampol B, Medrano H. 2002. Effects of drought on photosynthesis in grapevines under field conditions: an evaluation of stomatal and mesophyll limitations. Functional Plant Biology 29: 461-471.
27. 2 concentration. New Phytologist 172: 73-82.
28. Fowler S, Thomashow MF. 2002. Arabidopsis transcriptome profiling indicates that multiple regulatory pathways are activated during cold acclimation in addition to the CBF cold response pathway. The Plant Cell 14: 1675-1690.
29. Fowler SG, Cook D, Thomashow MF. 2005. Low temperature induction of Arabidopsis CBF1, v2, and 3 is gated by the circadian clock. Plant Physiology 137: 961-968.
30. Franks PJ, Farquhar GD. 2001. The effect of exogenous abscisic acid on stomatal development, stomatal mechanics, and leaf gas exchange in Tradescantia virginiana. Plant Physiology 125: 935-942.
31. Gilmour SJ, Zarka DG, Stockinger EJ, Salazar MP, Houghton JM, Thomashow MF. 1998. Low temperature regulation of the Arabidopsis CBF family of AP2 transcriptional activators as an early step in cold-induced COR gene expression. The Plant Journal 16: 433-442.
32. Gilmour SJ, Fowler SG, Thomashow MF. 2004. Arabidopsis transcriptional activators CBF1, CBF2, and CBF3 have matching functional activities. Plant Molecular Biology 54: 767-781.
33. Gitz DC, Liu-Gitz L, Britz SJ, Sullivan JH. 2005. Ultraviolet-B effects on stomatal density, water-use efficiency, and stable carbon isotope discrimination in four glasshouse-grown soybean (Glyicine max) cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany 53: 343-355.
34. Guo ZJ, Chen XJ, Wu XL, Ling JQ, Xu P. 2004. Overexpression of the AP2/EREBP transcription factor OPBP1 enhances disease resistance and salt tolerance in tobacco. Plant Molecular Biology 55: 607-618.
35. 4 tissues by real-time PCR. Photosynthesis Research 75: 183-192.
36. 2 assimilation in the leaves of transgenic rice plants. Plant Cell Physiology 45: 521-529.
37. Hannah MA, Wiese D, Freund S, Fiehn O, Heyer AG, Hincha DK. 2006. Natural genetic variation of freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 142: 98-112.
38. Hetherington AM, Quatrano RS. 1991. Mechanisms of action of abscisic acid at the cellular level. New Phytologist 119: 9-32.
39. Hsieh TH, Lee JT, Charng YY, Chan MT. 2002a. Tomato plants ectopically expressing Arabidopsis CBF1 show enhanced resistance to water deficit stress. Plant Physiology 130: 618-626.
40. Hsieh TH, Lee JT, Yang PT, et al. 2002b. Heterology expression of the Arabidopsis C-repeat/dehydration response element binding factor 1 gene confers elevated tolerance to chilling and oxidative stresses in transgenic tomato. Plant Physiology 129: 1086-1094.
41. Hu H, Dai M, Yao J, et al. 2006. Overexpressing a NAM, ATAF, and CUC (NAC) transcription factor enhances drought resistance and salt tolerance in rice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 103: 12987-12992.
42. Imin N, Kerim T, Weinman JJ, Rolfe BG. 2006. Low temperature treatment at the young microspore stage induces protein changes in rice anthers. Molecular and Cellular Proteomics 5: 274-292.
43. Ishizaki Y, Tsunoyama Y, Hatano K, et al. 2005. A nuclear-encoded sigma factor, Arabidopsis SIG6, recognizes sigma-70 type chloroplast promoters and regulates early chloroplast development in cotyledons. The Plant Journal 42: 133-144.
44. Ito Y, Katsura K, Maruyama K, et al. 2006. Functional analysis of rice DREB1/CBF-type transcription factors involved in cold-responsive gene expression in transgenic rice. Plant and Cell Physiology 47: 141-153.
45. Jaglo-Ottosen KR, Gilmour SJ, Zarka DG, Schabenberger O, Thomashow MF. 1998. Arabidopsis CBF1 overexpression induces COR genes and enhances freezing tolerance. Science 280: 104-106.
46. Jiang Y, Yang B, Harris NS, Deyholos MK. 2007. Comparative proteomic analysis of NaCl stress-responsive proteins in Arabidopsis roots. Journal of Experimental Botany 58: 3591-3607.
47. Jin H, Martin C. 1999. Multifunctionality and diversity within the plant MYB-gene family. Plant Molecular Biology 41: 577-585.
48. Jones L, Milne JL, Ashford D, McQueen-Mason SJ. 2003. Cell wall arabinan is essential for guard cell function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 100: 11783-11788.
49. Kanaoka MM, Pillitteri LJ, Fujii H, et al. 2008. SCREAM/ICE1 and SCREAM2 specify three cell-state transitional steps leading to Arabidopsis stomatal differentiation. The Plant Cell 20: 1775-1785.
50. Karaba A, Dixit S, Greco R, et al. 2007. Improvement of water use efficiency in rice by expression of HARDY, an Arabidopsis drought and salt tolerance gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 104: 15270-15275.
51. Kasuga M, Liu Q, Miura S, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K. 1999. Improving plant drought, salt, and freezing tolerance by gene transfer of a single stress-inducible transcription factor. Nature Biotechnology 17: 287-291.
52. Kasuga M, Miura S, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. 2004. A combination of the Arabidopsis DREB1A gene and stress-inducible rd29A promoter improved drought- and low-temperature stress tolerance in tobacco by gene transfer. Plant and Cell Physiology 45: 346-350.
53. Kim JC, Lee SH, Cheong YH, et al. 2001. A novel cold-inducible zinc finger protein from soybean, SCOF-1, enhances cold tolerance in transgenic plants. The Plant Journal 25: 247-259.
54. Kingston-Smith AH, Harbinson J, Williams J, Foyer CH. 1997. Effect of chilling on carbon assimilation, enzyme activation, and photosynthetic electron transport in the absence of photoinhibition in maize leaves. Plant Physiology 114: 1039-1046.
55. Lai LB, Nadeau JA, Lucas J, et al. 2005. The Arabidopsis R2R3 MYB proteins FOUR LIPS and MYB88 restrict divisions late in the stomatal cell lineage. The Plant Cell 17: 2754-2767.
56. Lake JA, Quick WP, Beerling DJ, Woodward FI. 2001. Plant development. Signals from mature to new leaves. Nature 411: 154.
57. Lawlor DW. 2002. Limitation to photosynthesis in water-stressed leaves: stomata vs. metabolism and the role of ATP. Annals of Botany 89: 871-885.
58. Lawlor DW, Cornic G. 2002. Photosynthetic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higher plants. Plant, Cell and Environment 25: 275-294.
59. Lawlor DW, Tezara W. 2009. Causes of decreased photosynthetic rate and metabolic capacity in water-deficient leaf cells: a critical evaluation of mechanisms and integration of processes. Annals of Botany 103: 561-579.
60. Lee J, He K, Stolc V, et al. 2007. Analysis of transcription factor HY5 genomic binding sites revealed its hierarchical role in light regulation of development. The Plant Cell 19: 731-749.
61. Lee SC, Huh KW, An K, An G, Kim SR. 2004. Ectopic expression of a cold-inducible transcription factor, CBF1/DREB1b, in transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.). Molecular Cells 18: 107-114.
62. Liang YK, Dubos C, Dodd IC, Holroyd GH, Hetherington AM, Campbell MM. 2005. AtMYB61, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor controlling stomatal aperture in Arabidopsis thaliana. Current Biology 15: 1201-1206.
63. Lisso J, Altmann T, Mussig C. 2006. The AtNFXL1 gene encodes a NF-X1 type zinc finger protein required for growth under salt stress. FEBS Letters 580: 4851-4856.
64. Liu Q, Kasuga M, Sakuma Y, et al. 1998. Two transcription factors, DREB1 and DREB2, with an EREBP/AP2 DNA binding domain separate two cellular signal transduction pathways in drought- and low-temperature-responsive gene expression, respectively, in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 10: 1391-1406.
65. Mamun EA, Alfred S, Cantrill LC, Overall RL, Sutton BG. 2006. Effects of chilling on male gametophyte development in rice. Cell Biology International 30: 583-591.
66. Mattana M, Biazzi E, Consonni R, et al. 2005. Overexpression of Osmyb4 enhances compatible solute accumulation and increases stress tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana. Physiologia Plantarum 125: 212-223.
67. Maxwell BB, Andersson CR, Poole DS, Kay SA, Chory J. 2003. HY5, Circadian Clock-Associated 1, and a cis-element, DET1 dark response element, mediate DET1 regulation of chlorophyll a/b-binding protein 2 expression. Plant Physiology 133: 1565-1577.
68. Miura K, Jin JB, Lee J, et al. 2007. SIZ1-mediated sumoylation of ICE1 controls CBF3/DREB1A expression and freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 19: 1403-1414.
69. Moller IM, Jensen PE, Hansson A. 2007. Oxidative modifications to cellular components in plants. Annual Review of Plant Biology 58: 459-481.
70. Murata N, Takahashi S, Nishiyama Y, Allakhverdiev SI. 2007. Photoinhibition of photosystem II under environmental stress. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1767: 414-421.
71. Mustilli AC, Merlot S, Vavasseur A, Fenzi F, Giraudat J. 2002. Arabidopsis OST1 protein kinase mediates the regulation of stomatal aperture by abscisic acid and acts upstream of reactive oxygen species production. The Plant Cell 14: 3089-3099.
72. Nakagami H, Pitzschke A, Hirt H. 2005. Emerging MAP kinase pathways in plant stress signalling. Trends in Plant Science 10: 339-346.
73. Nakano T, Suzuki K, Fujimura T, Shinshi H. 2006. Genome-wide analysis of the ERF gene family in Arabidopsis and rice. Plant Physiology 140: 411-432.
74. Nakashima K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. 2006. Regulons involved in osmotic stress-responsive and cold stress-responsive gene expression in plants. Physiologia Plantarum 126: 62-71.
75. Nakashima K, Kiyosue T, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K. 1997. A nuclear gene, erd1, encoding a chloroplast-targeted Clp protease regulatory subunit homolog is not only induced by water stress but also developmentally up-regulated during senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal 12: 851-861.
76. Nelson DE, Repetti PP, Adams TR, et al. 2007. Plant nuclear factor Y(NF-Y) B subunits confer drought tolerance and lead to improved corn yields on water-limited acres. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 104: 16450-16455.
77. Nishiyama Y, Yamamoto H, Allakhverdiev SI, Inaba M, Yokota A, Murata N. 2001. Oxidative stress inhibits the repair of photodamage to the photosynthetic machinery. EMBO Journal 20: 5587-5594.
78. Nishiyama Y, Allakhverdiev SI, Yamamoto H, Hayashi H, Murata N. 2004. Singlet oxygen inhibits the repair of photosystem II by suppressing the translation elongation of the D1 protein in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Biochemistry 43: 11321-11330.
79. Niyogi KK. 2000. Safety valves for photosynthesis. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 3: 455-460.
80. Noctor G, Foyer CH. 1998. Ascorbate and glutathione: keeping active oxygen under control. Annual Review in Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 49: 249-279.
81. Novillo F, Alonso JM, Ecker JR, Salinas J. 2004. CBF2/DREB1C is a negative regulator of CBF1/DREB1B and CBF3/DREB1A expression and plays a central role in stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 101: 3985-3990.
82. Oh SJ, Song SI, Kim YS, et al. 2005. Arabidopsis CBF3/DREB1A and ABF3 in transgenic rice increased tolerance to abiotic stress without stunting growth. Plant Physiology 138: 341-351.
83. Oh SJ, Kwon CW, Choi DW, Song SI, Kim JK. 2007. Expression of barley HvCBF4 enhances tolerance to abiotic stress in transgenic rice. Plant Biotechnology Journal 5: 646-656.
84. Parcy F, Giraudat J. 1997. Interactions between the ABI1 and the ectopically expressed ABI3 genes in controlling abscisic acid responses in Arabidopsis vegetative tissues. The Plant Journal 11: 693-702.
85. Park JM, Park CJ, Lee SB, Ham BK, Shin R, Paek KH. 2001. Overexpression of the tobacco Tsi1 gene encoding an EREBP/AP2-type transcription factor enhances resistance against pathogen attack and osmotic stress in tobacco. The Plant Cell 13: 1035-1046.
86. Pellegrineschi A, Reynolds M, Pacheco M, et al. 2004. Stress-induced expression in wheat of the Arabidopsis thaliana DREB1A gene delays water stress symptoms under greenhouse conditions. Genome 47: 493-500.
87. Penfield S, Meissner RC, Shoue DA, Carpita NC, Bevan MW. 2001. MYB61 is required for mucilage deposition and extrusion in the Arabidopsis seed coat. The Plant Cell 13: 2777-2791.
88. Perfus-Barbeoch L, Leonhardt N, Vavasseur A, Forestier C. 2002. Heavy metal toxicity: cadmium permeates through calcium channels and disturbs the plant water status. The Plant Journal 32: 539-548.
89. Pfannschmidt T, Nilsson A, Allen JF. 1999. Photosynthetic control of chloroplast gene expression. Nature 397: 625-628.
90. Pfannschmidt T. 2003. Chloroplast redox signals: how photosynthesis controls its own genes. Trends in Plant Science 8: 33-41.
91. Pillitteri LJ, Sloan DB, Bogenschutz NL, Torii KU. 2007. Termination of asymmetric cell division and differentiation of stomata. Nature 445: 501-505.
92. Pino MT, Skinner JS, Park EJ, et al. 2007. Use of a stress inducible promoter to drive ectopic AtCBF expression improves potato freezing tolerance while minimizing negative effects on tuber yield. Plant Biotechnology Journal 5: 591-604.
93. Ratnayaka HH, Molin WT, Sterling TM. 2003. Physiological and antioxidant responses of cotton and spurred anoda under interference and mild drought. Journal of Experimental Botany 54: 2293-2305.
94. Riechmann JL, Heard J, Martin G, et al. 2000. Arabidopsis transcription factors: genome-wide comparative analysis among eukaryotes. Science 290: 2105-2110.
95. Sakamoto A, Murata N. 2002. The role of glycine betaine in the protection of plants from stress: clues from transgenic plants. Plant, Cell and Environment 25: 163-171.
96. Sakamoto H, Maruyama K, Sakuma Y, et al. 2004. Arabidopsis Cys2/His2-type zinc-finger proteins function as transcription repressors under drought, cold, and high-salinity stress conditions. Plant Physiology 136: 2734-2746.
97. Sakuma Y, Maruyama K, Osakabe Y, et al. 2006. Functional analysis of an Arabidopsis transcription factor, DREB2A, involved in drought-responsive gene expression. The Plant Cell 18: 1292-1309.
98. Savitch LV, Gray GR, Huner NPA. 1997. Feedback-limited photosynthesis and regulation of sucrose-starch accumulation during cold acclimation and low-temperature stress in a spring and winter wheat. Planta 201: 18-26.
99. Savitch LV, Harney T, Huner NPA. 2000. Sucrose metabolism in spring and winter wheat in response to high irradiance, cold stress and cold acclimation. Physiologia Plantarum 108: 270-278.
100. Savitch LV, Barker-Astrom J, Ivanov AG, et al. 2001. Cold acclimation of Arabidopsis thaliana results in incomplete recovery of photosynthetic capacity, associated with an increased reduction of the chloroplast stroma. Planta 214: 295-303.
101. Savitch LV, Allard G, Seki M, et al. 2005. The effect of overexpression of two Brassica CBF/DREB1-like transcription factors on photosynthetic capacity and freezing tolerance in Brassica napus. Plant and Cell Physiology 46: 1525-1539.
102. Schaeffer HJ, Forstheoefel NR, Cushman JC. 1995. Identification of enhancer and silencer regions involved in salt-responsive expression of Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) genes in the facultative halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. Plant Molecular Biology 28: 205-218.
103. Seki M, Narusaka M, Ishida J, et al. 2002. Monitoring the expression profiles of 7000 Arabidopsis genes under drought, cold and high-salinity stresses using a full-length cDNA microarray. The Plant Journal 31: 279-292.
104. Shan DP, Huang JG, Yang YT, et al. 2007. Cotton GhDREB1 increases plant tolerance to low temperature and is negatively regulated by gibberellic acid. New Phytologist 176: 70-81.
105. Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. 2007. Gene networks involved in drought stress response and tolerance. Journal of Experimental Botany 58: 221-227.
106. Skirycz A, Jozefczuk S, Stobiecki M, et al. 2007. Transcription factor AtDOF4;2 affects phenylpropanoid metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana. New Phytologist 175: 425-438.
107. Takahashi S, Murata N. 2008. How do environmental stresses accelerate photoinhibition? Trends in Plant Science 13: 178-182.
108. Tang M, Sun J, Liu Y, Chen F, Shen S. 2007. Isolation and functional characterization of the JcERF gene, a putative AP2/EREBP domain-containing transcription factor, in the woody oil plant Jatropha curcas. Plant Molecular Biology 63: 419-428.
109. Tang W, Newton RJ, Lin JX, Charles TM. 2006. Expression of a transcription factor from Capsicum annuum in pine calli counteracts the inhibitory effects of salt stress on adventitious shoot formation. Molecular Genetics and Genomics 276: 242-253.
110. Tezara W, Mitchell VJ, Driscoll SD, Lawlor DW. 1999. Water stress inhibits plant photosynthesis by decreasing coupling factor and ATP. Nature 401: 914-917.
111. Thomashow MF. 1999. Plant cold acclimation: freezing tolerance genes and regulatory mechanisms. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 50: 571-599.
112. Tran LS, Nakashima K, Sakuma Y, et al. 2004. Isolation and functional analysis of Arabidopsis stress-inducible NAC transcription factors that bind to a drought-responsive cis-element in the early responsive to dehydration stress 1 promoter. The Plant Cell 16: 2481-2498.
113. Tran LS, Nakashima K, Sakuma Y, et al. 2007. Co-expression of the stress-inducible zinc finger homeodomain ZFHD1 and NAC transcription factors enhances expression of the ERD1 gene in Arabidopsis. The Plant Journal 49: 46-63.
114. Tsunoyama Y, Ishizaki Y, Morikawa K, et al. 2004. Blue light-induced transcription of plastid-encoded psbD gene is mediated by a nuclear-encoded transcription initiation factor, AtSig5. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 101: 3304-3309.
115. 2 pore with physiological functions. Nature 425: 734-737.
116. Umezawa T, Yoshida R, Maruyama K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K. 2004. SRK2C, a SNF1-related protein kinase 2, improves drought tolerance by controlling stress-responsive gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 101: 17306-17311.
117. Uno Y, Furihata T, Abe H, Yoshida R, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. 2000. Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper transcription factors involved in an abscisic acid-dependent signal transduction pathway under drought and high-salinity conditions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 97: 11632-11637.
118. Van Buskirk HA, Thomashow MF. 2006. Arabidopsis transcription factors regulating cold acclimation. Physiologia Plantarum 126: 72-80.
119. Vannini C, Locatelli F, Bracale M, et al. 2004. Overexpression of the rice Osmyb4 gene increases chilling and freezing tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana plants. The Plant Journal 37: 115-127.
120. Vogel JT, Zarka DG, Van Buskirk HA, Fowler SG, Thomashow MF. 2005. Roles of the CBF2 and ZAT12 transcription factors in configuring the low temperature transcriptome of Arabidopsis. The Plant Journal 41: 195-211.
121. Wang H, Ngwenyama N, Liu Y,Walker JC, Zhang S. 2007. Stomatal development and patterning are regulated by environmentally responsive mitogen-activated protein kinases in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell 19: 63-73.
122. Wang ZY, Tobin EM. 1998. Constitutive expression of the CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) gene disrupts circadian rhythms and suppresses its own expression. Cell 93: 1207-1217.
123. Warren CR, Livingston NJ, Turpin DH. 2004. Water stress decreases the transfer conductance of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings. Tree Physiology 24: 971-979.
124. Wasilewska A, Vlad F, Sirichandra C, et al. 2008. An update on abscisic acid signaling in plants and more. Molecular Plant 1: 198-217.
125. Wilkinson S, Clephan AL, Davies WJ. 2001. Rapid low temperature-induced stomatal closure occurs in cold-tolerant Commelina communis leaves but not in cold-sensitive tobacco leaves, via a mechanism that involves apoplastic calcium but not abscisic acid. Plant Physiology 126: 1566-1578.
126. 4 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene of Flaveria trinervia. Plant Molecular Biology 45: 201-214.
127. Wong CE, Li Y, Labbe A, et al. 2006. Transcriptional profiling implicates novel interactions between abiotic stress and hormonal responses in Thellungiella, a close relative of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 140: 1437-1450.
128. Xiong L, Schumaker KS, Zhu JK. 2002. Cell signaling during cold, drought, and salt stress. The Plant Cell 14 Suppl: S165-S183.
129. Xu ZS, Xia LQ, Chen M, et al. 2007. Isolation and molecular characterization of the Triticum aestivum L. ethylene-responsive factor 1 (TaERF1) that increases multiple stress tolerance. Plant Molecular Biology.
130. Xu ZZ, Zhou GS. 2005. Effects of water stress and high nocturnal temperature on photosynthesis and nitrogen level of a perennial grass Leymus chinensis. Plant and Soil 269: 131-139.
131. Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K. 1994. A novel cis-acting element in an Arabidopsis gene is involved in responsiveness to drought, low-temperature, or high-salt stress. The Plant Cell 6: 251-264.
132. Yan SP, Zhang QY, Tang ZC, Su WA, Sun WN. 2006. Comparative proteomic analysis provides new insights into chilling stress responses in rice. Molecular and Cellular Proteomics 5: 484-496.
133. Yanagisawa S, Sheen J. 1998. Involvement of maize DOF zinc finger proteins in tissue-specific and light-regulated gene expression. The Plant Cell 10: 75-89.
134. Yoshida R, Hobo T, Ichimura K, et al. 2002. ABA-activated SnRK2 protein kinase is required for dehydration stress signaling in Arabidopsis. Plant and Cell Physiology 43: 1473-1483.
135. Zhang X, Wollenweber B, Jiang D, Liu F, Zhao J. 2008. Water deficits and heat shock effects on photosynthesis of a transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana constitutively expressing ABP9, a bZIP transcription factor. Journal of Experimental Botany 59: 839-848.
136. Zhu J, Shi H, Lee BH, et al. 2004. An Arabidopsis homeodomain transcription factor gene, HOS9, mediates cold tolerance through a CBF-independent pathway. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 101: 9873-9878.
137. Zhu J, Verslues PE, Zheng X, et al. 2005. HOS10 encodes an R2R3-type MYB transcription factor essential for cold acclimation in plants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 102: 9966-9971.
138. Zhu JK. 2002. Salt and drought stress signal transduction in plants. Annual Review of Plant Biology 53: 247-273.