-
1
-
-
0027729936
-
The Karonga Prevention Trial: A leprosy and tuberculosis vaccine trial in northern Malawi. I. Methods of the vaccination phase
-
Ponnighaus J M, Fine P E, Bliss L, et al. The Karonga Prevention Trial: a leprosy and tuberculosis vaccine trial in northern Malawi. I. Methods of the vaccination phase. Lepr Rev 1993; 64: 338-356.
-
(1993)
Lepr Rev
, vol.64
, pp. 338-356
-
-
Ponnighaus, J.M.1
Fine, P.E.2
Bliss, L.3
-
2
-
-
0023875318
-
The Lepra Evaluation Project (LEP), an epidemiological study of leprosy in northern Malawi. II: Prevalence rates
-
Ponnighaus J M, Fine P E, Maine N, Bliss L, Kalambo M, Ponnighaus I. The Lepra Evaluation Project (LEP), an epidemiological study of leprosy in northern Malawi. II: Prevalence rates. Lepr Rev 1988; 59: 97-112.
-
(1988)
Lepr Rev
, vol.59
, pp. 97-112
-
-
Ponnighaus, J.M.1
Fine, P.E.2
Maine, N.3
Bliss, L.4
Kalambo, M.5
Ponnighaus, I.6
-
3
-
-
0035914111
-
The development of the HIV epidemic in Karonga District, Malawi
-
Glynn J R, Ponnighaus J, Crampin A C, et al. The development of the HIV epidemic in Karonga District, Malawi. AIDS 2001; 15: 2025-2029.
-
(2001)
AIDS
, vol.15
, pp. 2025-2029
-
-
Glynn, J.R.1
Ponnighaus, J.2
Crampin, A.C.3
-
4
-
-
0043234196
-
Trends and measurement of HIV prevalence in northern Malawi
-
Crampin A C, Glynn J R, Ngwira B M, et al. Trends and measurement of HIV prevalence in northern Malawi. AIDS 2003; 17: 1817-1825.
-
(2003)
AIDS
, vol.17
, pp. 1817-1825
-
-
Crampin, A.C.1
Glynn, J.R.2
Ngwira, B.M.3
-
5
-
-
34248516563
-
HIV epidemic trend and antiretroviral treatment need in Karonga District, Malawi
-
White R G, Vynnycky E, Glynn J R, et al. HIV epidemic trend and antiretroviral treatment need in Karonga District, Malawi. Epidemiol Infect 2007; 135: 922-932.
-
(2007)
Epidemiol Infect
, vol.135
, pp. 922-932
-
-
White, R.G.1
Vynnycky, E.2
Glynn, J.R.3
-
6
-
-
0032709641
-
Tuberculin sensitivity: Conversions and reversions in a rural African population
-
Fine P E, Bruce J, Ponnighaus J M, Nkhosa P, Harawa A, Vynnycky E. Tuberculin sensitivity: conversions and reversions in a rural African population. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1999; 3: 962-975.
-
(1999)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.3
, pp. 962-975
-
-
Fine, P.E.1
Bruce, J.2
Ponnighaus, J.M.3
Nkhosa, P.4
Harawa, A.5
Vynnycky, E.6
-
7
-
-
0034522732
-
BCG scars in northern Malawi: Sensitivity and repeatability of scar reading, and factors affecting scar size
-
Floyd S, Ponnighaus J M, Bliss L, et al. BCG scars in northern Malawi: sensitivity and repeatability of scar reading, and factors affecting scar size. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2000; 4: 1133-1142.
-
(2000)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.4
, pp. 1133-1142
-
-
Floyd, S.1
Ponnighaus, J.M.2
Bliss, L.3
-
8
-
-
0034944872
-
Relationship between IFN-gamma and skin test responsiveness to Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPD in healthy, non-BCG-vaccinated young adults in Northern Malawi
-
Black G F, Fine P E M, Warndorff D K, et al. Relationship between IFN-gamma and skin test responsiveness to Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPD in healthy, non-BCG-vaccinated young adults in Northern Malawi. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2001; 5: 664-672.
-
(2001)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.5
, pp. 664-672
-
-
Black, G.F.1
Fine, P.E.M.2
Warndorff, D.K.3
-
9
-
-
0006547660
-
Interpretation of tuberculosis infection age curves
-
Nyboe J. Interpretation of tuberculosis infection age curves. Bull World Health Organ 1957; 17: 319-339.
-
(1957)
Bull World Health Organ
, vol.17
, pp. 319-339
-
-
Nyboe, J.1
-
11
-
-
0028934614
-
Methodological issues in the estimation of the tuberculosis problem from tuberculin surveys
-
Rieder H L. Methodological issues in the estimation of the tuberculosis problem from tuberculin surveys. Tubercle Lung Dis 1995; 76: 114-121.
-
(1995)
Tubercle Lung Dis
, vol.76
, pp. 114-121
-
-
Rieder, H.L.1
-
12
-
-
0031981919
-
National tuberculin survey of Kenya, 1986-1990
-
Bosman M C, Swai O B, Kwamanga D O, Agwanda R, Idukitta G, Misljenovic O. National tuberculin survey of Kenya, 1986-1990. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1998; 2: 272-280.
-
(1998)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.2
, pp. 272-280
-
-
Bosman, M.C.1
Swai, O.B.2
Kwamanga, D.O.3
Agwanda, R.4
Idukitta, G.5
Misljenovic, O.6
-
13
-
-
33748619746
-
Mixture analysis of tuberculin survey data from northern Malawi and critique of the method
-
Davies G R, Fine P E, Vynnycky E. Mixture analysis of tuberculin survey data from northern Malawi and critique of the method. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2006; 10: 1023-1029.
-
(2006)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.10
, pp. 1023-1029
-
-
Davies, G.R.1
Fine, P.E.2
Vynnycky, E.3
-
14
-
-
0019542655
-
Diagnostic standards and classification of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases
-
American Thoracic Society
-
American Thoracic Society. Diagnostic standards and classification of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases. Am Rev Respir Dis 1981; 123: 343-358.
-
(1981)
Am Rev Respir Dis
, vol.123
, pp. 343-358
-
-
-
16
-
-
0001328733
-
The challenge of tuberculosis in decline: A study based on the epidemiology of tuberculosis in Ontario, Canada
-
Grzybowski S, Allen E A. The challenge of tuberculosis in decline: a study based on the epidemiology of tuberculosis in Ontario, Canada. Am Rev Respir Dis 1964; 90: 707-720.
-
(1964)
Am Rev Respir Dis
, vol.90
, pp. 707-720
-
-
Grzybowski, S.1
Allen, E.A.2
-
17
-
-
0019041173
-
Tuberculosis prevention trial, Madras
-
Baily G V. Tuberculosis prevention trial, Madras. Indian J Med Res 1980; 72 (Suppl): S1-S74.
-
(1980)
Indian J Med Res
, vol.72
, Issue.SUPPL.
-
-
Baily, G.V.1
-
19
-
-
0037105637
-
Kinetics of delayed-type hypersensitivity to tuberculin induced by bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination in northern Malawi
-
Floyd S, Ponnighaus J M, Bliss L, et al. Kinetics of delayed-type hypersensitivity to tuberculin induced by bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination in northern Malawi. J Infect Dis 2002; 186: 807-814.
-
(2002)
J Infect Dis
, vol.186
, pp. 807-814
-
-
Floyd, S.1
Ponnighaus, J.M.2
Bliss, L.3
-
20
-
-
33645856770
-
Dissociation between tuberculin skin test and in vitro IFN-gamma responses following neonatal BCG vaccination
-
Ota M O, Goetghebuer T, Vekemans J, et al. Dissociation between tuberculin skin test and in vitro IFN-gamma responses following neonatal BCG vaccination. J Trop Pediatr 2006; 52: 136-140.
-
(2006)
J Trop Pediatr
, vol.52
, pp. 136-140
-
-
Ota, M.O.1
Goetghebuer, T.2
Vekemans, J.3
-
21
-
-
11144356052
-
Large-scale evaluation of enzyme-linked immunospot assay and skin test for diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection against a gradient of exposure in The Gambia
-
Hill P C, Brookes R H, Fox A, et al. Large-scale evaluation of enzyme-linked immunospot assay and skin test for diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection against a gradient of exposure in The Gambia. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38: 966-973.
-
(2004)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.38
, pp. 966-973
-
-
Hill, P.C.1
Brookes, R.H.2
Fox, A.3
-
22
-
-
0027498478
-
Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting: Recommendations for a standardized methodology
-
van Embden J D, Cave M D, Crawford J T, et al. Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting: recommendations for a standardized methodology. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31: 406-409.
-
(1993)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.31
, pp. 406-409
-
-
van Embden, J.D.1
Cave, M.D.2
Crawford, J.T.3
-
23
-
-
0028302048
-
The epidemiology of tuberculosis in San Francisco. A population-based study using conventional and molecular methods
-
Small P M, Hopewell P C, Singh S P, et al. The epidemiology of tuberculosis in San Francisco. A population-based study using conventional and molecular methods. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 1703-1709.
-
(1994)
N Engl J Med
, vol.330
, pp. 1703-1709
-
-
Small, P.M.1
Hopewell, P.C.2
Singh, S.P.3
-
24
-
-
0032752535
-
Interpreting DNA finger-print clusters of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. European Concerted Action on Molecular Epidemiology and Control of Tuberculosis
-
Glynn J R, Bauer J, de Boer A S, et al. Interpreting DNA finger-print clusters of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. European Concerted Action on Molecular Epidemiology and Control of Tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1999; 3: 1055-1060.
-
(1999)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.3
, pp. 1055-1060
-
-
Glynn, J.R.1
Bauer, J.2
de Boer, A.S.3
-
25
-
-
22544472399
-
The importance of recent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an area with high HIV prevalence: A long-term molecular epidemiological study in Northern Malawi
-
Glynn J R, Crampin A C, Yates M D, et al. The importance of recent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an area with high HIV prevalence: a long-term molecular epidemiological study in Northern Malawi. J Infect Dis 2005; 192: 480-487.
-
(2005)
J Infect Dis
, vol.192
, pp. 480-487
-
-
Glynn, J.R.1
Crampin, A.C.2
Yates, M.D.3
-
26
-
-
33646554201
-
Tuberculosis transmission attributable to close contacts and HIV status, Malawi
-
Crampin A C, Glynn J R, Traore H, et al. Tuberculosis transmission attributable to close contacts and HIV status, Malawi. Emerg Infect Dis 2006; 12: 729-735.
-
(2006)
Emerg Infect Dis
, vol.12
, pp. 729-735
-
-
Crampin, A.C.1
Glynn, J.R.2
Traore, H.3
-
27
-
-
0036701618
-
Multiple Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in early cultures from patients in a high-incidence community setting
-
Richardson M, Carroll N M, Engelke E, et al. Multiple Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in early cultures from patients in a high-incidence community setting. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40: 2750-2754.
-
(2002)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.40
, pp. 2750-2754
-
-
Richardson, M.1
Carroll, N.M.2
Engelke, E.3
-
28
-
-
45349094065
-
Assessment and evaluation of contact as a risk factor for tuberculosis in rural Africa
-
Crampin A C, Floyd S, Ngwira B M, et al. Assessment and evaluation of contact as a risk factor for tuberculosis in rural Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008; 12: 612-618.
-
(2008)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.12
, pp. 612-618
-
-
Crampin, A.C.1
Floyd, S.2
Ngwira, B.M.3
-
29
-
-
0030802256
-
Molecular epidemiology and transmission dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in rural Africa
-
Wilkinson D, Pillay M, Crump J, Lombard C, Davies G R, Sturm A W. Molecular epidemiology and transmission dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in rural Africa. Trop Med Int Health 1997; 2: 747-753.
-
(1997)
Trop Med Int Health
, vol.2
, pp. 747-753
-
-
Wilkinson, D.1
Pillay, M.2
Crump, J.3
Lombard, C.4
Davies, G.R.5
Sturm, A.W.6
-
30
-
-
0037883275
-
Adult-to-child transmission of tuberculosis: Household or community contact?
-
Schaaf H S, Michaelis I A, Richardson M, et al. Adult-to-child transmission of tuberculosis: household or community contact? Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003; 7: 426-431.
-
(2003)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.7
, pp. 426-431
-
-
Schaaf, H.S.1
Michaelis, I.A.2
Richardson, M.3
-
31
-
-
0002780044
-
Distribution of tuberculosis infection and disease in clusters in rural households
-
Nair S S, Ramanath Rao G, Chandresekhar P. Distribution of tuberculosis infection and disease in clusters in rural households. Indian J Tuberc 1971; 18: 3-9.
-
(1971)
Indian J Tuberc
, vol.18
, pp. 3-9
-
-
Nair, S.S.1
Ramanath Rao, G.2
Chandresekhar, P.3
-
32
-
-
0042328138
-
Risk factors for tuberculosis infection in sub-Saharan Africa: A contact study in the Gambia
-
Lienhardt C, Fielding K, Sillah J, et al. Risk factors for tuberculosis infection in sub-Saharan Africa: a contact study in the Gambia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003; 168: 448-455.
-
(2003)
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
, vol.168
, pp. 448-455
-
-
Lienhardt, C.1
Fielding, K.2
Sillah, J.3
-
33
-
-
19944428633
-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype, northern Malawi
-
Glynn J R, Crampin A C, Traore H, et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype, northern Malawi. Emerg Infect Dis 2005; 11: 150-153.
-
(2005)
Emerg Infect Dis
, vol.11
, pp. 150-153
-
-
Glynn, J.R.1
Crampin, A.C.2
Traore, H.3
-
34
-
-
33645004304
-
Tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: Opportunities, challenges, and change in the era of antiretroviral treatment
-
Corbett E L, Marston B, Churchyard G J, De Cock K M. Tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: opportunities, challenges, and change in the era of antiretroviral treatment. Lancet 2006; 367: 926-937.
-
(2006)
Lancet
, vol.367
, pp. 926-937
-
-
Corbett, E.L.1
Marston, B.2
Churchyard, G.J.3
De Cock, K.M.4
-
36
-
-
3142745135
-
Trends in tuberculosis and the influence of HIV infection in northern Malawi, 1988-2001
-
Glynn J R, Crampin A C, Ngwira B M, et al. Trends in tuberculosis and the influence of HIV infection in northern Malawi, 1988-2001. AIDS 2004; 18: 1459-1463.
-
(2004)
AIDS
, vol.18
, pp. 1459-1463
-
-
Glynn, J.R.1
Crampin, A.C.2
Ngwira, B.M.3
-
37
-
-
0033788899
-
Tuberculosis: Associations with HIV and socio-economic status in rural Malawi
-
Glynn J R, Warndorff D K, Malema S S, et al. Tuberculosis: associations with HIV and socio-economic status in rural Malawi. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2000; 94: 500-503.
-
(2000)
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
, vol.94
, pp. 500-503
-
-
Glynn, J.R.1
Warndorff, D.K.2
Malema, S.S.3
-
38
-
-
2442581250
-
Tuberculosis and gender: Exploring the patterns in a case control study in Malawi
-
Crampin A C, Glynn J R, Floyd S, et al. Tuberculosis and gender: exploring the patterns in a case control study in Malawi. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2004; 8: 194-203.
-
(2004)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.8
, pp. 194-203
-
-
Crampin, A.C.1
Glynn, J.R.2
Floyd, S.3
-
39
-
-
0027788264
-
HIV-1 infection as a risk factor for the development of tuberculosis: A case-control study in Tanzania
-
Van den Broek J, Borgdorff M W, Pakker N G, et al. HIV-1 infection as a risk factor for the development of tuberculosis: a case-control study in Tanzania. Int J Epidemiol 1993; 22: 1159-1165.
-
(1993)
Int J Epidemiol
, vol.22
, pp. 1159-1165
-
-
Van den Broek, J.1
Borgdorff, M.W.2
Pakker, N.G.3
-
40
-
-
0034706232
-
Tuberculosis control and molecular epidemiology in a South African gold-mining community
-
Godfrey-Faussett P, Sonnenberg P, Shearer S C, et al. Tuberculosis control and molecular epidemiology in a South African gold-mining community. Lancet 2000; 356: 1066-1071.
-
(2000)
Lancet
, vol.356
, pp. 1066-1071
-
-
Godfrey-Faussett, P.1
Sonnenberg, P.2
Shearer, S.C.3
-
41
-
-
0033777456
-
Impact of the HIV epidemic on the spread of other diseases: The case of tuberculosis
-
Girardi E, Raviglione M C, Antonucci G, Godfrey-Faussett P, Ippolito G. Impact of the HIV epidemic on the spread of other diseases: the case of tuberculosis. AIDS 2000; 14 (Suppl 3): S47-S56.
-
(2000)
AIDS
, vol.14
, Issue.SUPPL. 3
-
-
Girardi, E.1
Raviglione, M.C.2
Antonucci, G.3
Godfrey-Faussett, P.4
Ippolito, G.5
-
42
-
-
0028917475
-
DNA fingerprinting and phenotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients in Tanzania
-
Yang Z H, Mtoni I, Chonde M, et al. DNA fingerprinting and phenotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients in Tanzania. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33: 1064-1069.
-
(1995)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.33
, pp. 1064-1069
-
-
Yang, Z.H.1
Mtoni, I.2
Chonde, M.3
-
43
-
-
0035092639
-
Molecular and conventional epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Botswana: A population-based prospective study of 301 pulmonary tuberculosis patients
-
Lockman S, Sheppard J D, Braden C R, et al. Molecular and conventional epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Botswana: a population-based prospective study of 301 pulmonary tuberculosis patients. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39: 1042-1047.
-
(2001)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.39
, pp. 1042-1047
-
-
Lockman, S.1
Sheppard, J.D.2
Braden, C.R.3
-
44
-
-
5444248384
-
High rates of clustering of strains causing tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe: A molecular epidemiological study
-
Easterbrook P J, Gibson A, Murad S, et al. High rates of clustering of strains causing tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe: a molecular epidemiological study. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42: 4536-4544.
-
(2004)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.42
, pp. 4536-4544
-
-
Easterbrook, P.J.1
Gibson, A.2
Murad, S.3
-
45
-
-
0032702989
-
Transmission dynamics of tuberculosis in a high-incidence country: Prospective analysis by PCR DNA fingerprinting
-
Haas W H, Engelmann G, Amthor B, et al. Transmission dynamics of tuberculosis in a high-incidence country: prospective analysis by PCR DNA fingerprinting. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37: 3975-3979.
-
(1999)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.37
, pp. 3975-3979
-
-
Haas, W.H.1
Engelmann, G.2
Amthor, B.3
-
46
-
-
0036246219
-
Molecular epidemiology and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Ethiopian pulmonary tuberculosis patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection
-
Bruchfeld J, Aderaye G, Palme I B, et al. Molecular epidemiology and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Ethiopian pulmonary tuberculosis patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40: 1636-1643.
-
(2002)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.40
, pp. 1636-1643
-
-
Bruchfeld, J.1
Aderaye, G.2
Palme, I.B.3
-
47
-
-
46349101185
-
Determinants of cluster size in a large population based molecular epidemiology study of tuberculosis in northern Malawi
-
Glynn J R, Crampin A C, Traore H, et al. Determinants of cluster size in a large population based molecular epidemiology study of tuberculosis in northern Malawi. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 14: 1060-1066.
-
(2008)
Emerg Infect Dis
, vol.14
, pp. 1060-1066
-
-
Glynn, J.R.1
Crampin, A.C.2
Traore, H.3
-
48
-
-
0031826556
-
Measurement and determinants of tuberculosis outcome in Karonga District, Malawi
-
Glynn J R, Warndorff D K, Fine P E, Munthali M M, Sichone W, Ponnighaus J M. Measurement and determinants of tuberculosis outcome in Karonga District, Malawi. Bull World Health Organ 1998; 76: 295-305.
-
(1998)
Bull World Health Organ
, vol.76
, pp. 295-305
-
-
Glynn, J.R.1
Warndorff, D.K.2
Fine, P.E.3
Munthali, M.M.4
Sichone, W.5
Ponnighaus, J.M.6
-
49
-
-
35348931167
-
Population differences in death rates in HIV-positive patients with tuberculosis
-
Ciglenecki I, Glynn J R, Mwinga A, et al. Population differences in death rates in HIV-positive patients with tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2007; 11: 1121-1128.
-
(2007)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.11
, pp. 1121-1128
-
-
Ciglenecki, I.1
Glynn, J.R.2
Mwinga, A.3
-
50
-
-
59549102619
-
-
Crampin A C, Mwaungulu J N, Mwaungulu F D, et al. Rates of relapse and reinfection in HIV-positive and -negative individuals with recurrent tuberculosis. 38th Union World Conference on Lung Health 2007, Cape Town, South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Disease 2007; 11 (Suppl): S 110 [Abstract PS 71256-10].
-
Crampin A C, Mwaungulu J N, Mwaungulu F D, et al. Rates of relapse and reinfection in HIV-positive and -negative individuals with recurrent tuberculosis. 38th Union World Conference on Lung Health 2007, Cape Town, South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Disease 2007; 11 (Suppl): S 110 [Abstract PS 71256-10].
-
-
-
-
51
-
-
0036797149
-
-
Kenyon T A, Creek T, Laserson K, et al. Risk factors for transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from HIV-infected tuberculosis patients, Botswana. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2002; 6: 843-850.
-
Kenyon T A, Creek T, Laserson K, et al. Risk factors for transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from HIV-infected tuberculosis patients, Botswana. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2002; 6: 843-850.
-
-
-
-
52
-
-
0037114211
-
Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to contacts of HIV-infected tuberculosis patients
-
Carvalho A C, DeRiemer K, Nunes Z B, et al. Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to contacts of HIV-infected tuberculosis patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164: 2166-2171.
-
(2001)
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
, vol.164
, pp. 2166-2171
-
-
Carvalho, A.C.1
DeRiemer, K.2
Nunes, Z.B.3
-
53
-
-
0027169578
-
The impact of HIV on infectiousness of pulmonary tuberculosis: A community study in Zambia
-
Elliott A M, Hayes R J, Halwiindi B, et al. The impact of HIV on infectiousness of pulmonary tuberculosis: a community study in Zambia. AIDS 1993; 7: 981-987.
-
(1993)
AIDS
, vol.7
, pp. 981-987
-
-
Elliott, A.M.1
Hayes, R.J.2
Halwiindi, B.3
-
54
-
-
0035208205
-
Comparison of two versus three smears in identifying culture-positive tuberculosis patients in a rural African setting with high HIV prevalence
-
Crampin A C, Floyd S, Mwaungulu F, et al. Comparison of two versus three smears in identifying culture-positive tuberculosis patients in a rural African setting with high HIV prevalence. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2001; 5: 994-999.
-
(2001)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.5
, pp. 994-999
-
-
Crampin, A.C.1
Floyd, S.2
Mwaungulu, F.3
-
56
-
-
59549089030
-
Development of a scoring system for the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis
-
Ngwira B, Chagaluka S, Warndorff D, Branson K, Lucas S, Fine P. Development of a scoring system for the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis. Malawi Med J 2002; 13: 14-16.
-
(2002)
Malawi Med J
, vol.13
, pp. 14-16
-
-
Ngwira, B.1
Chagaluka, S.2
Warndorff, D.3
Branson, K.4
Lucas, S.5
Fine, P.6
-
57
-
-
33244496450
-
Using tuberculosis suspects to identify patients eligible for antiretroviral treatment
-
Munthali L, Mwaungulu J N, Munthali K, Bowie C, Crampin A C. Using tuberculosis suspects to identify patients eligible for antiretroviral treatment. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2006; 10: 199-202.
-
(2006)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.10
, pp. 199-202
-
-
Munthali, L.1
Mwaungulu, J.N.2
Munthali, K.3
Bowie, C.4
Crampin, A.C.5
-
58
-
-
0028964816
-
Patterns of initial and acquired anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Karonga District, Malawi
-
Glynn J R, Jenkins P A, Fine P E, et al. Patterns of initial and acquired anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Karonga District, Malawi. Lancet 1995; 345: 907-910.
-
(1995)
Lancet
, vol.345
, pp. 907-910
-
-
Glynn, J.R.1
Jenkins, P.A.2
Fine, P.E.3
-
59
-
-
0033846483
-
Trends in anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Karonga District, Malawi, 1986-1998
-
Warndorff D K, Yates M, Ngwira B, et al. Trends in anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Karonga District, Malawi, 1986-1998. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2000; 4: 752-757.
-
(2000)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.4
, pp. 752-757
-
-
Warndorff, D.K.1
Yates, M.2
Ngwira, B.3
-
60
-
-
3142670139
-
Anti-tuberculous drug resistance in Karonga District: Pattern and trend 1986-2001
-
Mwaungulu F, Crampin A C, Chagaluka S, et al. Anti-tuberculous drug resistance in Karonga District: pattern and trend 1986-2001. Malawi Med J 2002; 13: 3-6.
-
(2002)
Malawi Med J
, vol.13
, pp. 3-6
-
-
Mwaungulu, F.1
Crampin, A.C.2
Chagaluka, S.3
-
61
-
-
0031874271
-
Evaluation and determinants of tuberculosis outcome. Point of view
-
Maher D, Nunn P. Evaluation and determinants of tuberculosis outcome. Point of view. Bull World Health Organ 1998; 76: 307-308.
-
(1998)
Bull World Health Organ
, vol.76
, pp. 307-308
-
-
Maher, D.1
Nunn, P.2
-
62
-
-
0037027056
-
Mycobacterium vaccae (SRL172) immunotherapy as an adjunct to standard anti-tuberculosis treatment in HIV-infected adults with pulmonary tuberculosis: A randomised placebo-controlled trial
-
Mwinga A, Nunn A, Ngwira B, et al. Mycobacterium vaccae (SRL172) immunotherapy as an adjunct to standard anti-tuberculosis treatment in HIV-infected adults with pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002; 360: 1050-1055.
-
(2002)
Lancet
, vol.360
, pp. 1050-1055
-
-
Mwinga, A.1
Nunn, A.2
Ngwira, B.3
-
63
-
-
2642558026
-
Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis reduces mortality in human immunodeficiency virus-positive tuberculosis patients in Karonga District, Malawi
-
Mwaungulu F B, Floyd S, Crampin A C, et al. Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis reduces mortality in human immunodeficiency virus-positive tuberculosis patients in Karonga District, Malawi. Bull World Health Organ 2004; 82: 354-363.
-
(2004)
Bull World Health Organ
, vol.82
, pp. 354-363
-
-
Mwaungulu, F.B.1
Floyd, S.2
Crampin, A.C.3
-
64
-
-
0344394994
-
Estimating the relative recurrence risk ratio using a global cross-ratio model
-
Wallace C, Clayton D. Estimating the relative recurrence risk ratio using a global cross-ratio model. Genet Epidemiol 2003; 25: 293-302.
-
(2003)
Genet Epidemiol
, vol.25
, pp. 293-302
-
-
Wallace, C.1
Clayton, D.2
-
65
-
-
4544292371
-
Large-scale candidate gene study of tuberculosis susceptibility in the Karonga district of northern Malawi
-
Fitness J, Floyd S, Warndorff D K, et al. Large-scale candidate gene study of tuberculosis susceptibility in the Karonga district of northern Malawi. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2004; 71: 341-349.
-
(2004)
Am J Trop Med Hyg
, vol.71
, pp. 341-349
-
-
Fitness, J.1
Floyd, S.2
Warndorff, D.K.3
-
66
-
-
38849171139
-
CD209 genetic polymorphism and tuberculosis disease
-
Vannberg F O, Chapman S J, Khor C C, et al. CD209 genetic polymorphism and tuberculosis disease. PLoS ONE 2008; 3: e1388.
-
(2008)
PLoS ONE
, vol.3
-
-
Vannberg, F.O.1
Chapman, S.J.2
Khor, C.C.3
-
67
-
-
0026558835
-
Efficacy of BCG vaccine against leprosy and tuberculosis in northern Malawi
-
Ponnighaus J M, Fine P E, Sterne J A, et al. Efficacy of BCG vaccine against leprosy and tuberculosis in northern Malawi. Lancet 1992; 339: 636-639.
-
(1992)
Lancet
, vol.339
, pp. 636-639
-
-
Ponnighaus, J.M.1
Fine, P.E.2
Sterne, J.A.3
-
68
-
-
0030572468
-
Randomised controlled trial of single BCG, repeated BCG, or combined BCG and killed Mycobacterium leprae vaccine for prevention of leprosy and tuberculosis in Malawi
-
Karonga Prevention Trial Group
-
Karonga Prevention Trial Group. Randomised controlled trial of single BCG, repeated BCG, or combined BCG and killed Mycobacterium leprae vaccine for prevention of leprosy and tuberculosis in Malawi. Lancet 1996; 348: 17-24.
-
(1996)
Lancet
, vol.348
, pp. 17-24
-
-
-
69
-
-
0029666123
-
Does bacille Calmette-Guerin scar size have implications for protection against tuberculosis or leprosy?
-
Sterne J A, Fine P E, Ponnighaus J M, Sibanda F, Munthali M, Glynn J R. Does bacille Calmette-Guerin scar size have implications for protection against tuberculosis or leprosy? Tubercle Lung Dis 1996; 77: 117-123.
-
(1996)
Tubercle Lung Dis
, vol.77
, pp. 117-123
-
-
Sterne, J.A.1
Fine, P.E.2
Ponnighaus, J.M.3
Sibanda, F.4
Munthali, M.5
Glynn, J.R.6
-
70
-
-
0024535567
-
The distribution and implications of BCG scars in northern Malawi
-
Fine P E, Ponnighaus J M, Maine N. The distribution and implications of BCG scars in northern Malawi. Bull World Health Organ 1989; 67: 35-42.
-
(1989)
Bull World Health Organ
, vol.67
, pp. 35-42
-
-
Fine, P.E.1
Ponnighaus, J.M.2
Maine, N.3
-
71
-
-
0022913564
-
The Karonga prevention trial - which BCG?
-
Ponnighaus J M, Fine P E. The Karonga prevention trial - which BCG? Lepr Rev 1986; 57 (Suppl 2): S285-S292.
-
(1986)
Lepr Rev
, vol.57
, Issue.SUPPL. 2
-
-
Ponnighaus, J.M.1
Fine, P.E.2
-
72
-
-
0028091852
-
Development of a whole blood assay to measure T-cell responses to leprosy: A new tool for immuno-epidemiological field studies of leprosy immunity
-
Weir R E, Morgan A R, Britton W J, Butlin C R, Dockrell H M. Development of a whole blood assay to measure T-cell responses to leprosy: a new tool for immuno-epidemiological field studies of leprosy immunity. J Immunol Methods 1994; 176: 93-101.
-
(1994)
J Immunol Methods
, vol.176
, pp. 93-101
-
-
Weir, R.E.1
Morgan, A.R.2
Britton, W.J.3
Butlin, C.R.4
Dockrell, H.M.5
-
73
-
-
10744229595
-
Mycobacterial purified protein derivatives stimulate innate immunity: Malawians show enhanced tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-10 responses compared to those of adolescents in the United Kingdom
-
Weir R E, Black G F, Dockrell H M, et al. Mycobacterial purified protein derivatives stimulate innate immunity: Malawians show enhanced tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-10 responses compared to those of adolescents in the United Kingdom. Infect Immun 2004; 72: 1807-1811.
-
(2004)
Infect Immun
, vol.72
, pp. 1807-1811
-
-
Weir, R.E.1
Black, G.F.2
Dockrell, H.M.3
-
74
-
-
0037140178
-
BCG-induced increase in interferon-gamma response to mycobacterial antigens and efficacy of BCG vaccination in Malawi and the UK: Two randomised controlled studies
-
Black G F, Weir R E, Floyd S, et al. BCG-induced increase in interferon-gamma response to mycobacterial antigens and efficacy of BCG vaccination in Malawi and the UK: two randomised controlled studies. Lancet 2002; 359: 1393-1401.
-
(2002)
Lancet
, vol.359
, pp. 1393-1401
-
-
Black, G.F.1
Weir, R.E.2
Floyd, S.3
-
75
-
-
0035426014
-
Patterns and implications of naturally acquired immune responses to environmental and tuberculous mycobacterial antigens in northern Malawi
-
Black G F, Dockrell H M, Crampin A C, et al. Patterns and implications of naturally acquired immune responses to environmental and tuberculous mycobacterial antigens in northern Malawi. J Infect Dis 2001; 184: 322-329.
-
(2001)
J Infect Dis
, vol.184
, pp. 322-329
-
-
Black, G.F.1
Dockrell, H.M.2
Crampin, A.C.3
-
76
-
-
12444312559
-
Gamma interferon responses induced by a panel of recombinant and purified mycobacterial antigens in healthy, non-mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated Malawian young adults
-
Black G F, Weir R E, Chaguluka S D, et al. Gamma interferon responses induced by a panel of recombinant and purified mycobacterial antigens in healthy, non-mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated Malawian young adults. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2003; 10: 602-611.
-
(2003)
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol
, vol.10
, pp. 602-611
-
-
Black, G.F.1
Weir, R.E.2
Chaguluka, S.D.3
-
77
-
-
0242690083
-
Interferon-gamma and skin test responses of schoolchildren in southeast England to purified protein derivatives from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other species of mycobacteria
-
Weir R E, Fine P E, Nazareth B, et al. Interferon-gamma and skin test responses of schoolchildren in southeast England to purified protein derivatives from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other species of mycobacteria. Clin Exp Immunol 2003; 134: 285-294.
-
(2003)
Clin Exp Immunol
, vol.134
, pp. 285-294
-
-
Weir, R.E.1
Fine, P.E.2
Nazareth, B.3
-
78
-
-
33750874082
-
The influence of previous exposure to environmental mycobacteria on the interferon-gamma response to bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination in southern England and northern Malawi
-
Weir R E, Black G F, Nazareth B, et al. The influence of previous exposure to environmental mycobacteria on the interferon-gamma response to bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination in southern England and northern Malawi. Clin Exp Immunol 2006; 146: 390-399.
-
(2006)
Clin Exp Immunol
, vol.146
, pp. 390-399
-
-
Weir, R.E.1
Black, G.F.2
Nazareth, B.3
-
79
-
-
33344479309
-
The PPD-specific T-cell clonal response in UK and Malawian subjects following BCG vaccination: A new repertoire evolves over 12 months
-
Bennett A R, Gorak-Stolinska P, Ben-Smith A, et al. The PPD-specific T-cell clonal response in UK and Malawian subjects following BCG vaccination: a new repertoire evolves over 12 months. Vaccine 2006; 24: 2617-2626.
-
(2006)
Vaccine
, vol.24
, pp. 2617-2626
-
-
Bennett, A.R.1
Gorak-Stolinska, P.2
Ben-Smith, A.3
-
80
-
-
33646088146
-
Distribution of environmental mycobacteria in Karonga District, northern Malawi
-
Chilima B Z, Clark IM, Floyd S, Fine P E, Hirsch P R. Distribution of environmental mycobacteria in Karonga District, northern Malawi. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72: 2343-2350.
-
(2006)
Appl Environ Microbiol
, vol.72
, pp. 2343-2350
-
-
Chilima, B.Z.1
Clark, I.M.2
Floyd, S.3
Fine, P.E.4
Hirsch, P.R.5
-
81
-
-
0034743348
-
Environmental mycobacteria in northern Malawi: Implications for the epidemiology of tuberculosis and leprosy
-
Fine P E, Floyd S, Stanford J L, et al. Environmental mycobacteria in northern Malawi: implications for the epidemiology of tuberculosis and leprosy. Epidemiol Infect 2001; 126: 379-387.
-
(2001)
Epidemiol Infect
, vol.126
, pp. 379-387
-
-
Fine, P.E.1
Floyd, S.2
Stanford, J.L.3
-
82
-
-
0015708976
-
Identification of tuberculous infected. Dual tests and density of reaction
-
Edwards L B, Acquaviva F A, Livesay V T. Identification of tuberculous infected. Dual tests and density of reaction. Am Rev Respir Dis 1973; 108: 1334-1339.
-
(1973)
Am Rev Respir Dis
, vol.108
, pp. 1334-1339
-
-
Edwards, L.B.1
Acquaviva, F.A.2
Livesay, V.T.3
-
83
-
-
0028134641
-
Delayed-type hypersensitivity, mycobacterial vaccines and protective immunity
-
Fine P E, Sterne J A, Ponnighaus J M, Rees R J. Delayed-type hypersensitivity, mycobacterial vaccines and protective immunity. Lancet 1994; 344: 1245-1249.
-
(1994)
Lancet
, vol.344
, pp. 1245-1249
-
-
Fine, P.E.1
Sterne, J.A.2
Ponnighaus, J.M.3
Rees, R.J.4
-
84
-
-
77957073108
-
Persisting problems in tuberculosis
-
Krause R M, ed, New York, NY, USA: Academic Press
-
McKinney J D, Jacobs W R, Bloom B R. Persisting problems in tuberculosis. In: Krause R M, ed. Emerging infections. New York, NY, USA: Academic Press, 1998: pp 51-146.
-
(1998)
Emerging infections
, pp. 51-146
-
-
McKinney, J.D.1
Jacobs, W.R.2
Bloom, B.R.3
-
85
-
-
0036153758
-
Failure of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine: Some species of environmental mycobacteria block multiplication of BCG and induction of protective immunity to tuberculosis
-
Brandt L, Feino Cunha J, Weinreich Olsen A, et al. Failure of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine: some species of environmental mycobacteria block multiplication of BCG and induction of protective immunity to tuberculosis. Infect Immun 2002; 70: 672-678.
-
(2002)
Infect Immun
, vol.70
, pp. 672-678
-
-
Brandt, L.1
Feino Cunha, J.2
Weinreich Olsen, A.3
-
86
-
-
0013963959
-
Effects of infection with atypical mycobacteria on BCG vaccination and tuberculosis
-
Palmer C E, Long M W. Effects of infection with atypical mycobacteria on BCG vaccination and tuberculosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1966; 94: 553-568.
-
(1966)
Am Rev Respir Dis
, vol.94
, pp. 553-568
-
-
Palmer, C.E.1
Long, M.W.2
-
87
-
-
43049128496
-
Population-level effect of HIV on adult mortality and early evidence of reversal after introduction of antiretroviral therapy in Malawi
-
Jahn A, Floyd S, Crampin A C, et al. Population-level effect of HIV on adult mortality and early evidence of reversal after introduction of antiretroviral therapy in Malawi. Lancet 2008; 371: 1603-1611.
-
(2008)
Lancet
, vol.371
, pp. 1603-1611
-
-
Jahn, A.1
Floyd, S.2
Crampin, A.C.3
|