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Volumn 30, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 113-127

'Sons of the Soil' and Contemporary State Making: Autochthony, uncertainty and political violence in Africa

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUTOCHTHONY; GLOBALIZATION; NATIONAL SECURITY; POLITICAL CONFLICT; POLITICAL DISCOURSE; VIOLENCE;

EID: 59049099920     PISSN: 01436597     EISSN: 13602241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01436590802622417     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (81)

References (61)
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    • The invasion was often portrayed as part of an ongoing Tutsi plot to control Central Africa, referred to as 'Opération Termite' in one autochthonous pamphlet, Les Populations du Nord-Kivu Avant et Apres L'Immigration des Banyaruanda.
    • The invasion was often portrayed as part of an ongoing Tutsi plot to control Central Africa, referred to as 'Opération Termite' in one autochthonous pamphlet, Les Populations du Nord-Kivu Avant et Apres L'Immigration des Banyaruanda.
  • 5
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    • See R Banegas & R Marshall-Fratani, 'Cote d'Ivoire: Negotiating identity and citizenship', in M Bøaå s & K Dunn (eds), African Guerrillas: Raging Against the Machine, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2007.
    • See R Banegas & R Marshall-Fratani, 'Cote d'Ivoire: Negotiating identity and citizenship', in M Bøaå s & K Dunn (eds), African Guerrillas: Raging Against the Machine, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2007.
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    • A Appadurai, 'Dead certainty: Ethnic violence in the era of globalization', in Meyer & Geschiere, Globalization and Identity, p 322.
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    • My use of this term draws from the work of Mahmood Mamdani, who distinguishes political identities from market-based identities or cultural identities. Market-based identities tend to be founded on class or division of labour, a distinction between rich and poor or between cultivators and cattle keepers. Cultural identities are social constructs based on things like common language, common religion, and so on. Under colonialism, cultural identities-which are multiple and cumulative-became the foundation for political identities, which are enforced within a territorial state and reproduced through the mechanism of the law, and are produced as singular and uni-dimensional
    • My use of this term draws from the work of Mahmood Mamdani, who distinguishes political identities from market-based identities or cultural identities. Market-based identities tend to be founded on class or division of labour, a distinction between rich and poor or between cultivators and cattle keepers. Cultural identities are social constructs based on things like common language, common religion, and so on. Under colonialism, cultural identities-which are multiple and cumulative-became the foundation for political identities, which are enforced within a territorial state and reproduced through the mechanism of the law, and are produced as singular and uni-dimensional.
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    • These new developments need to be seen against the longer historical background of capitalism in Africa, where the imposition and maintenance of capitalist labour relations required not only the freeing of labour but also its containment and compartmentalization. See P Geschiere & F Nyamnjoh, Capitalism and autochthony: The seesaw of mobility and belonging, Public Culture, 12 2, 2000, pp 423-452
    • These new developments need to be seen against the longer historical background of capitalism in Africa, where the imposition and maintenance of capitalist labour relations required not only the freeing of labour but also its containment and compartmentalization. See P Geschiere & F Nyamnjoh, 'Capitalism and autochthony: The seesaw of mobility and belonging', Public Culture, 12 (2), 2000, pp 423-452.
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    • Ibid, p 423.
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    • andMédard, 'Patrimonialism, neopatrimonialism and the study of the postcolonial state in sub-Saharan Africa', in HS Marcussen (ed), Improved Natural Resources Management-The Role of Formal Organisations and Informal Networks and Institutions, Roskilde: Roskilde University Press, 1996, pp 76-97.
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    • and E Braathen, M Bøå s & G Süther, 'Ethnicity kills? Social struggles for power, resources and identities in the neopatrimonial state', in Braathen, Bøå s & Süther (eds), Ethnicity Kills? The Politics of War, Peace and Ethnicity in Sub-Saharan Africa, Basingstoke: Macmillan, 2000, pp 3-22.
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