메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 48, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 586-597

Exploring trends and determinants of pharmacist wage rates: Evidence from the 2000 and 2004 National Pharmacist Workforce Survey

Author keywords

Gender; National Pharmacist Workforce Survey; Pharmacists; Salaries; Workforce

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; ECONOMICS; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; MALE; MANPOWER; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT; PHARMACIST; PHARMACY; SALARY AND FRINGE BENEFIT; SEX DIFFERENCE; STATISTICS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 59049088232     PISSN: 15443191     EISSN: 15443450     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1331/JAPhA.2008.07102     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (3)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 0028535557 scopus 로고
    • An internal rate of return approach to investigate pharmacist supply in the United States
    • Mott DA, Kreling DH. An internal rate of return approach to investigate pharmacist supply in the United States. Health Econ. 1994;3:373-84.
    • (1994) Health Econ , vol.3 , pp. 373-384
    • Mott, D.A.1    Kreling, D.H.2
  • 2
    • 0003787155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Resources and Services Administration. Rockville, MD: Health Resources and Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
    • Health Resources and Services Administration. The pharmacist workforce: a study of the supply and demand for pharmacists. Rockville, MD: Health Resources and Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2000.
    • (2000) The Pharmacist Workforce: A Study of the Supply and Demand for Pharmacists
  • 3
    • 0036580544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The aggregate demand index: Measuring the balance between supply and demand, 1999-2001
    • Knapp KK, Livesey JC. The aggregate demand index: measuring the balance between supply and demand, 1999-2001. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2002;42:391-8.
    • (2002) J Am Pharm Assoc , vol.42 , pp. 391-398
    • Knapp, K.K.1    Livesey, J.C.2
  • 5
    • 15444366425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ASHP national survey of pharmacy practice in hospital settings: Prescribing and transcribing: 2004
    • Pedersen CA, Schneider PJ, Scheckelhoff DJ. ASHP national survey of pharmacy practice in hospital settings: prescribing and transcribing: 2004. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2005;62:378-90.
    • (2005) Am J Health Syst Pharm , vol.62 , pp. 378-390
    • Pedersen, C.A.1    Schneider, P.J.2    Scheckelhoff, D.J.3
  • 7
    • 33745148995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community pharmacists' work environments: Evidence from the 2004 national pharmacist workforce study
    • Kreling DH, Doucette WR, Mott DA, et al. Community pharmacists' work environments: evidence from the 2004 national pharmacist workforce study. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2006;46:331-9.
    • (2006) J Am Pharm Assoc , vol.46 , pp. 331-339
    • Kreling, D.H.1    Doucette, W.R.2    Mott, D.A.3
  • 8
    • 1642630071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed at April 19, 2006
    • Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupation employment statistics, 1999. Accessed at www.bls.gov/oes/1999/oes-29He.htm, April 19, 2006.
    • Occupation Employment Statistics, 1999
  • 9
    • 1642630071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed at April 19, 2006
    • Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupation employment statistics, 2004. Accessed at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes-29He.htm, April 19, 2006.
    • Occupation Employment Statistics, 2004
  • 10
    • 84860297631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed at April 19, 2006
    • Bureau of Labor Statistics. Consumer price index: all urban consumers. Accessed at http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost, April 19, 2006.
    • Consumer Price Index: All Urban Consumers
  • 11
    • 84891845041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prescriptions by type of store, 1995-2005
    • National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation. Alexandria, VA: National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation
    • National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation. Prescriptions by type of store, 1995-2005. In: The Chain Drug Industry Profile 2006. Alexandria, VA: National Association of Chain Drug Stores Foundation; 2006.
    • (2006) The Chain Drug Industry Profile 2006
  • 12
    • 39049185301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacy student population: Applications received 2004-2005, degrees conferred 2004-05, fall 2005 enrollments
    • Patton JM. The pharmacy student population: applications received 2004-2005, degrees conferred 2004-05, fall 2005 enrollments. Am J Pharm Ed. 2006;70(suppl):1-14.
    • (2006) Am J Pharm Ed , vol.70 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 1-14
    • Patton, J.M.1
  • 13
    • 0034328479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How many pharmacists are in our future? The bureau of health professions projects supply to 2020
    • Gershon SK, Cultice JM, Knapp KK. How many pharmacists are in our future? The bureau of health professions projects supply to 2020. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2000;40:757-64.
    • (2000) J Am Pharm Assoc , vol.40 , pp. 757-764
    • Gershon, S.K.1    Cultice, J.M.2    Knapp, K.K.3
  • 15
    • 0040955214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex-based differences in school content and the male-female wage gap
    • Brown C, Corcoran M. Sex-based differences in school content and the male-female wage gap. J Labor Econ. 1997;15:431-65.
    • (1997) J Labor Econ , vol.15 , pp. 431-465
    • Brown, C.1    Corcoran, M.2
  • 16
    • 0031490950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manufactured inequality
    • Rosen S. Manufactured inequality. J Labor Econ. 1997;25:189-96.
    • (1997) J Labor Econ , vol.25 , pp. 189-196
    • Rosen, S.1
  • 17
    • 0000333940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agricultural graduate earnings: The impacts of college, career, gender
    • Barkley AP, Stock WA, Sylvius C. Agricultural graduate earnings: the impacts of college, career, gender. Am J Agric Econ. 1999;81:785-800.
    • (1999) Am J Agric Econ , vol.81 , pp. 785-800
    • Barkley, A.P.1    Stock, W.A.2    Sylvius, C.3
  • 18
    • 0035606569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gendered inequalities in earnings: A study of Canadian lawyers
    • Robson K, Wallace JE. Gendered inequalities in earnings: a study of Canadian lawyers. Can Rev Social Anthropol. 2001;38:75-96.
    • (2001) Can Rev Social Anthropol , vol.38 , pp. 75-96
    • Robson, K.1    Wallace, J.E.2
  • 19
    • 1342268373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disequilibrium and human capital in pharmacy labor markets: Evidence from four states
    • Cline RR. Disequilibrium and human capital in pharmacy labor markets: evidence from four states. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2003;43:702-9.
    • (2003) J Am Pharm Assoc , vol.43 , pp. 702-709
    • Cline, R.R.1
  • 20
    • 14644424656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monetary and nonpecuniary returns on education among US pharmacists
    • Cline RR. Monetary and nonpecuniary returns on education among US pharmacists. Am J Pharm Educ. 2004;68(2):article 34.
    • (2004) Am J Pharm Educ , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 34
    • Cline, R.R.1
  • 21
    • 0031052279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Path model of Wisconsin pharmacists' hours supplied to the labor market
    • Mott DA, Jambulingam T. Path model of Wisconsin pharmacists' hours supplied to the labor market. Am J Health Sys Pharm. 1997;54:558-63.
    • (1997) Am J Health Sys Pharm , vol.54 , pp. 558-563
    • Mott, D.A.1    Jambulingam, T.2
  • 22
    • 0031471624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The determinants of earnings differentials for indigenous Americans: Human capital, location, or discrimination?
    • Hurst M. The determinants of earnings differentials for indigenous Americans: human capital, location, or discrimination? Q Rev Econ Finance. 1997;37:787-807.
    • (1997) Q Rev Econ Finance , vol.37 , pp. 787-807
    • Hurst, M.1
  • 23
    • 0031427916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The gender gap in earnings at career entry
    • Marini MM, Fan P. The gender gap in earnings at career entry. Am Sociol Rev. 1997;62:588-604.
    • (1997) Am Sociol Rev , vol.62 , pp. 588-604
    • Marini, M.M.1    Fan, P.2
  • 24
    • 0030424943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconsidering the declining significance of race: Racial differences in early career wages
    • Cancio AS, Evans TD, Maume DJ. Reconsidering the declining significance of race: racial differences in early career wages. Am Sociol Rev. 1996;61:541-56.
    • (1996) Am Sociol Rev , vol.61 , pp. 541-556
    • Cancio, A.S.1    Evans, T.D.2    Maume, D.J.3
  • 25
    • 0009609110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What has economics to say about racial discrimination?
    • Arrow K. What has economics to say about racial discrimination? J Econ Perspect. 1998;12:91-100.
    • (1998) J Econ Perspect , vol.12 , pp. 91-100
    • Arrow, K.1
  • 26
    • 0034419999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Earnings over the early work career among males in the middle class: Has race declined in its significance?
    • Wilson G, Sakura-Lemessy I. Earnings over the early work career among males in the middle class: has race declined in its significance? Sociol Perspect. 2000;43:159-71.
    • (2000) Sociol Perspect , vol.43 , pp. 159-171
    • Wilson, G.1    Sakura-Lemessy, I.2
  • 27
    • 17444427157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The authority attainment of women; competitive sector effects
    • Hopcroft RL. The authority attainment of women; competitive sector effects. Am J Econ Sociol. 1996;55:163-84.
    • (1996) Am J Econ Sociol , vol.55 , pp. 163-184
    • Hopcroft, R.L.1
  • 28
    • 0039330584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male/female earnings differences in self-employment: The effects of marriage, children and the household division of labor
    • Hundley G. Male/female earnings differences in self-employment: the effects of marriage, children and the household division of labor. Ind Labor Relat Rev. 2000;54:95-114.
    • (2000) Ind Labor Relat Rev , vol.54 , pp. 95-114
    • Hundley, G.1
  • 29
    • 33745120511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacist participation in the workforce: 1990, 2000, 2004
    • Mott DA, Doucette WR, Gaither CA, et al. Pharmacist participation in the workforce: 1990, 2000, 2004. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2006;46:322-30.
    • (2006) J Am Pharm Assoc , vol.46 , pp. 322-330
    • Mott, D.A.1    Doucette, W.R.2    Gaither, C.A.3
  • 30
    • 0034948922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of labor economic theory to examine hours worked by male and female pharmacists
    • Mott DA. Use of labor economic theory to examine hours worked by male and female pharmacists. Pharm Res. 2001;18:224-33.
    • (2001) Pharm Res , vol.18 , pp. 224-233
    • Mott, D.A.1
  • 31
    • 33845685278 scopus 로고
    • The theory of equalizing differences
    • Ashenfelter O, Layard R, Eds. New York: North-Holland
    • Rosen S. The theory of equalizing differences. In: Ashenfelter O, Layard R, Eds. Handbook of labor economics. Vol 1. New York: North-Holland; 1986.
    • (1986) Handbook of Labor Economics , vol.1
    • Rosen, S.1
  • 32
    • 84935323031 scopus 로고
    • Male-female wage differences: The importance of compensating differentials
    • Filer RK. Male-female wage differences: the importance of compensating differentials. Ind Labor Relat Rev. 1985;38:426-37.
    • (1985) Ind Labor Relat Rev , vol.38 , pp. 426-437
    • Filer, R.K.1
  • 34
    • 0040671468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The willingness-to-pay for work/family policies: A study of teachers
    • Drago R, Costanza D, Caplan R, et al. The willingness-to-pay for work/family policies: a study of teachers. Ind Labor Relat Rev. 2001;55:22-41.
    • (2001) Ind Labor Relat Rev , vol.55 , pp. 22-41
    • Drago, R.1    Costanza, D.2    Caplan, R.3
  • 35
    • 0039568914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wage differentials associated with flextime
    • Gariety BS, Shaffer S. Wage differentials associated with flextime. Mon Labor Rev. 2001;124:68-75.
    • (2001) Mon Labor Rev , vol.124 , pp. 68-75
    • Gariety, B.S.1    Shaffer, S.2
  • 39
  • 40
    • 0011942531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacists' work activities in two midwestern states
    • Schommer JC, Pedersen CA. Pharmacists' work activities in two midwestern states. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2001;41:760-2.
    • (2001) J Am Pharm Assoc , vol.41 , pp. 760-762
    • Schommer, J.C.1    Pedersen, C.A.2
  • 41
    • 52549115516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A national survey of U.S. pharmacists in 2000: Assessing nonresponse bias of a survey methodology
    • Mott DA, Pedersen CA, Doucette WR, et al. A national survey of U.S. pharmacists in 2000: assessing nonresponse bias of a survey methodology. AAPS PharmSci. 2001;3(4):article 33.
    • (2001) AAPS PharmSci , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 33
    • Mott, D.A.1    Pedersen, C.A.2    Doucette, W.R.3
  • 42
    • 0036581850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community pharmacists' work activities in the United States during 2000
    • Schommer JC, Pedersen CA, Doucette WR, et al. Community pharmacists' work activities in the United States during 2000. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2002;42:399-406.
    • (2002) J Am Pharm Assoc , vol.42 , pp. 399-406
    • Schommer, J.C.1    Pedersen, C.A.2    Doucette, W.R.3
  • 43
    • 33745118672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacists' desired and actual times in work activities: Evidence of gaps from the 2004 national pharmacist workforce study
    • Schommer JC, Pedersen CA, Gaither CA, et al. Pharmacists' desired and actual times in work activities: evidence of gaps from the 2004 national pharmacist workforce study. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2006;46:340-7.
    • (2006) J Am Pharm Assoc , vol.46 , pp. 340-347
    • Schommer, J.C.1    Pedersen, C.A.2    Gaither, C.A.3
  • 44
    • 85031053404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addresses.com. Accessed at May 11, 2006
    • Addresses.com. ZIP Code or area code lookup. Accessed at www.addresses.com/zip-code-lookup.php, May 11, 2006.
    • ZIP Code or Area Code Lookup
  • 45
    • 34548443891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic Research Service. Accessed at May 15, 2006
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. 2003 rural-urban continuum codes. Accessed at www.ers.usda.gov/Data/ RuralUrbanContinuum Codes/2003/, May 15, 2006.
    • 2003 Rural-urban Continuum Codes
  • 46
    • 7544250142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed at May 15, 2006
    • U.S. Census Bureau. Census 2000 summary file 3 (SF 3). Accessed at http://quickfacts.census.gov./qfd/states/01000lk. html, May 15, 2006.
    • Census 2000 Summary File 3 (SF 3)
  • 48
    • 84963057033 scopus 로고
    • Dynamic shortages and price rises: The engineer-scientist case
    • Arrow KJ, Capron WM. Dynamic shortages and price rises: the engineer-scientist case. Q J Econ. 1959;73:292-308.
    • (1959) Q J Econ , vol.73 , pp. 292-308
    • Arrow, K.J.1    Capron, W.M.2
  • 49
    • 0004145546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Hospital Association Commission on Workforce for Hospitals and Health Systems. Chicago: American Hospital Association
    • American Hospital Association Commission on Workforce for Hospitals and Health Systems. In our hands: how hospital leaders can build a thriving workforce. Chicago: American Hospital Association; 2002.
    • (2002) In Our Hands: How Hospital Leaders Can Build a Thriving Workforce
  • 51
    • 0033195476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacists' attitudes regarding quality of worklife
    • McHugh PP. Pharmacists' attitudes regarding quality of worklife. J Am Pharm Assoc. 1999:39;667-76.
    • (1999) J Am Pharm Assoc , vol.39 , pp. 667-676
    • McHugh, P.P.1
  • 52
    • 2942748498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacists' attitudes toward worklife: Results from a national survey of pharmacists
    • Mott DA, Doucette WR, Gaither CA, et al. Pharmacists' attitudes toward worklife: results from a national survey of pharmacists. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2004:44;326-36.
    • (2004) J Am Pharm Assoc , vol.44 , pp. 326-336
    • Mott, D.A.1    Doucette, W.R.2    Gaither, C.A.3
  • 53
    • 33745151448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of community pharmacy service mix: Evidence from the 2004 national pharmacist workforce study
    • Doucette WR, Kreling DH, Schommer JC, et al. Evaluation of community pharmacy service mix: evidence from the 2004 national pharmacist workforce study. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2006;46:348-55.
    • (2006) J Am Pharm Assoc , vol.46 , pp. 348-355
    • Doucette, W.R.1    Kreling, D.H.2    Schommer, J.C.3
  • 55
    • 0039562113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in the effect of education on the slope of the experience-earnings profiles: National longitudinal survey of youth, 1979-1988
    • Duncan KC. Gender differences in the effect of education on the slope of the experience-earnings profiles: national longitudinal survey of youth, 1979-1988. Am J Econ Sociol. 1996;55:457-71.
    • (1996) Am J Econ Sociol , vol.55 , pp. 457-471
    • Duncan, K.C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.