The effects of different levels of L-carnitine and fat on performance and egg quality of laying hens

Agricultural and Food Science

Volumn 17, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 360-366

  Rezaei, Mansour ^a   Dehghani, Samaneh ^a   Ghaffari, Janali ^a   Haghnazar, Alizera ^b  

^a SARI AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES UNIVERSITY   (Iran)

^b Mazandaran Fisheries Research Center   (Iran)

Author keywords

Cholesterol; Egg quality; Fat; L carnitine; Laying hens

Indexed keywords

EID: 58849154576     PISSN: 14596067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2137/145960608787235540     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. 14th edn. Arlington, Virginia.
2. Baumgartner, M. & Blum, R. 1997. Typical L-carnitine contents in feedstuffs. In L-carnitine Folder, Lonza Ltd., Basel.
3. Baumgartner, M. & Blum, R. 1993. L-carnitine in animal nutrition. Pages 413-418 in vitamine und weitere zu- satzstoffe bei mensch und tier (vitamins and other supplements for humans and animals). G. Flachowsky and R. Schubert, ed. Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena, Germany.
4. Bayram, I., Akinci, Z. & Uysal, H. 1999. The effect of L-car- nitine and vitamin C supplementation to quail ration on performance and egg production. Journal Faculty Veterinary Medicine University 10: 32-37.
5. Bryant, M., Wu, G. & Roland, D.A. 2005. Optimizing dietary energy for profits and performance of two strains of white Leghorn. Page 23 in: International Poultryt Scientific Forum Abstracts, Atlanta, GA, USA.
6. Celik, L.B. Tekeli, A. & Oztorkan, O. 2004. Effect of supplemental L-carnitine in drinking water on performance and egg quality of laying hens exposed to a high ambient temperature. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 88: 229-233.
7. Daskiran, M. & Teeter, R.G. 2001. Effects of dietary L-carnitine supplementation on overall performance and carcass characteristics of seven-week-old broiler chickens. Publ. P986. Oklahoma Agric. Exp. Sta. Oklahoma State University. Stillwater. OK, USA.
8. Fedd, M. R., Waible, P.E & Burger, R.E.1960. Factors affecting the absorbability of certain dietary fats in the chicks. Journal of Nutrition 70:447-452.
9. Grobas, S., Mendez, C, De Bias, C. & Mateos, G.G. 1999. Laying hen productivity as affected by energy, supplemental fat and linoleic acid concentration on performance of laying hens at two ages. British Poultry Science 40: 681-687.
10. Harms, R.H., Russell, G.B. & Solan, D.R. 2000. Performance of four strains of commercial layers with major changes in dietary energy. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research 9: 535-541.
11. Kita, K., Nakajima, S.I. & Nakagawa, J. 2005. Dietary L- carnitine supplementation improves albumen quality of laying hens. Journal of Poultry Science 42: 79-83.
12. Leibetseder, J. 1995. Studies of L-carnitine effects in poultry. Archive Animal Nutrition 48: 97-108.
13. Lettner, V.F., Zollitsch, W. & Halbmayer, E. 1992. Use of L-carnitine in the broiler ration. Bodenkultur 43: 161- 167.
14. Lien, T.F. & Horng, Y.M. 2001. The effect of supplementary dietary L-carnitine on the growth performance, serum component, carcass traits and enzyme activities in relation to fatty acid β-oxidation of broiler chicks. British Poultry Science 42: 92-95.
15. Murata, L.S., Ariki, J., Machando, C.R., Silva, L. & Re- zode, M.M. 2003. Effects of oils sources on blood lipid parameters of commercial laying hens. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science 15: 203-206.
16. Rabie, M. H., Szilagyi, M., Gippert., E., Votissky, E & Gern- dai, D. 1997. Influence of dietary L-carnitine on performance and carcass quality of broiler chickens. Acta Bio- logica Hungarica 48:241-252.
17. Rebouchi, C. J. & Paulson, D. J. 1986. Carnitine metabolism and function in humans. Annual. Review of Nutritions: 41-66.
18. Robinson, D. S. 1987. The chemical basis of albumen quality. In: Egg-quality current problems and recent advances. Poultry Science Symposium (Wells R.G. and Belyavin G.G. eds.) No. 20. pp. 179-191. Butter- worths Ltd. London.
19. SAS Institute. 1998. SAS/STAT User's Guide. Release Version 7.00. SAS Institute Inc. Cary. NC.
20. Shafey, T.M., Dingle, J. G., MacDonald, M.W. & Kostner, K. 2005. Effects of type grain and oil supplement on the performance, blood lipoprotein, egg cholesterol and fatty acids of laying hens. International Journal of Poultry Science 2: 200-206.
21. Sohail, S. S., Bryant, M. M. & Roland, D.A. 2003. Influence of dietary fat on economic returns of commercial Leghorns. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research 12: 356-361.
22. Steel, R. G. D. & Torrie, J.H 1980. Principle and procedures of statistics. 2th ed. McGraw-Hill book Co. Inc. New York.
23. Summers, J.D. & Leeson, S. 1983. Factors effecting early egg size. Poultry Science 62:1155-1159.
24. Summers, J.D. & Leeson, S. 1993. Influence of diets varying in nutrient density on the development and reproductive performance of White Leghorn pullets. Poultry Science 72: 1500-1509.
25. Weeden, T. L., Nelssen, J. A., Hansen, G. E., Fitzner, G. E. &Goodban, R. D. 1991 The effect of L-carnitine on starter pig performance and carcass composition. Journal of Animal Science 69 (Suppl.) 105 (Abstract).
26. Whitehead, C. C., Bowman, A.S. & Griffin, H. D. 1993. Regulation of plasma estrogen by dietary fat in laying hen: Relationship with egg weight. British Poultry Sci- ence 34: 999-1010.
27. Wu, G., Bryant, M. M., Voite, R. A. & Roland, D. A. 2005. Effect of Mannanase in corn-soy diets on commercial Leghorn in second-cycle hens. Poultry Science 84: 894-897.
28. Xu, Z. R., Wang, M. Q., Mao, H. X., Zhang, X. A. & Hu, C. H. 2003. Effects of L-carnitine on growth performance, carcass composition, and metabolism of lipids in male broilers. Poultry Science 82:408-413.
29. Yalcin, S., Ergun, M., Ozosy, B., Yalcin, S., Erol, H. & On- basilar, 1.2006. The effects of dietary supplementation of L-carnitine and humic substances on performance, egg traits and blood parameters in laying hens. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science 19:1478-1483.
30. Yalcin, S., Ergun, M., Erol, H., Yalcin, S. & Ozsoy, B. 2005. Use of L-carnitine and humate in laying quail diets. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 53: 361-370.