An integrated approach to improving fossil fuel emissions scenarios with urban ecosystem studies

Ecological Complexity

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 1-14

  Pataki, D E ^a   Emmi, P C ^b   Forster, C B ^b   Mills, J I ^b   Pardyjak, E R ^c   Peterson, T R ^d   Thompson, J D ^e   Dudley Murphy, E ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

^c Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering   (United States)

^d TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

Biocomplexity; Carbon dioxide; CO2 emissions; Mediated modeling; Urban ecology

Indexed keywords

EID: 58749101866     PISSN: 1476945X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2008.09.003     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. 2 emissions from power plants. Environmental Pollution 116 (2002) S119-S126
2. Akbari H., and Konopacki S. Calculating energy-saving potentials of heat-island reduction strategies. Energy Policy 33 (2005) 721-756
3. Akbari H., Kurn D.M., Bretz S.E., and Hanford J.W. Peak power and cooling energy savings of shade trees. Energy and Buildings 25 (1997) 139-148
4. Akbari H., and Taha H. The impact of trees and white surfaces on residential heating and cooling energy use in four Canadian cities. Energy 17 (1992) 141-149
5. Amato A.D., Ruth M., Kirsen P., and Horwitz J. Regional energy demand responses to climate change: methodology and application to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Climatic Change 71 (2005) 175-201
6. Aubinet M., Grelle A., Ibrom A., Rannik U., Moncrieff J., Foken T., Kowalski A.S., Martin P.H., Berbigier P., Bernhofer C., Clement R., Elbers J., Granier A., Grunwald T., Morgenstern K., Pilegaard K., Rebmann C., Snijders W., Valentini R., and Vesala T. Estimates of the annual net carbon and water exchange of European forests: the EUROFLUX methodlogy. Advances in Ecological Research 30 (2000) 113-175
7. Betsill M.M. Mitigating climate change in U.S. cities: opportunities and obstacles. Local Environment 6 (2001) 393-406
8. Canadell J.G., Mooney H.A., Baldocchi D.D., Berry J.A., Ehleringer J.R., Field C.B., Gower S.T., Hollinger D.Y., Hunt J.E., Jackson R.B., Running S.W., Shaver G.R., Steffen W., Trumbore S.E., Valentini R., and Bond B.Y. Carbon metabolism of the terrestrial biosphere: a multitechnique approach for improved understanding. Ecosystems 3 (2000) 115-130
9. 2 and climate change: results from six dynamic global vegetation models. Global Change Biology 7 (2001) 357-373
10. Decker E.H., Elliot S., Smith F.A., Blake D.R., and Rowland F.S. Energy and material flow through the urban ecosystem. Annual Review of Energy and the Environment 25 (2000) 685-740
11. Diamond H.L., and Noonan P.F. Land Use in America (1996), Island Press, Washington, DC
12. DOE EIA. State Energy Profiles (2006), U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration
13. Dunlap R.E., Van Liere K.D., Mertig A.G., and Jones R.E. Measuring endorsement of the new ecological paradigm: a revised NEP scale. Journal of Social Issues 56 (2000) 425-442
14. Edmonds J., Richels R., and Wise M. Future fossil fuel carbon emissions without policy intervention: a review. In: Wigley T.M.L., and Schimel D.S. (Eds). The Carbon Cycle (2000), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 172-189
15. Farley K.A., Jobbagy E.G., and Jackson R.B. Effects of afforestation on water field: a global synthesis with implications for policy. Global Change Biology 11 (2005) 1565-1576
16. Gifford R.M. The global carbon cycle: a viewport on the missing sink. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 21 (1994) 1-15
17. 2 flux measurements. FLUXNET 2004 Open Workshop. Firenze, Italy (2004)
18. Grimmond C.S.B., King T.S., Cropley F.D., Nowak D.J., and Souch C. Local-scale fluxes of carbon dioxide in urban environments: methodological challenges and results from Chicago. Environmental Pollution 116 (2002) S243-S254
19. Grimmond C.S.B., Souch C., and Hubble M.D. Influence of tree cover on summertime surface energy balance fluxes, San Gabriel Valley, Los Angeles. Climate Research 6 (1996) 45-57
20. 2: first results of a model intercomparison study. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 12 (1998) 1-24
21. Huang Y.J., Akbari H., Taha H., and Rosenfeld H. The potential of vegetation in reducing summer cooling loads in residential buildings. Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology 26 (1987) 1103-1116
22. Imhoff M.L., Bounoua L., DeFries R.S., Lawrence W.T., Stutzer D., Compton J.T., and Ricketts T. The consequences of urban land transformations on net primary productivity in the United States. Remote Sensing of the Environment 89 (2004) 434-443
23. IPCC, 2001. Climate Change 2001: the scientific basis. Contribution of Working Group 1 to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
24. Jackson R.B., Jobbagy E.G., Avissar R., Roy S.B., Barrett D., Cook C.W., Farley K.A., le Maitre D.C., McCarl B.A., and Murray B.C. Trading water for carbon with biological carbon sequestration. Science 310 (2005) 1944-1947
25. Kates, R.W., Wilbanks, T.J., 2003. A grand query: how scale matters in global change research. In: A.o.A.G.G.R. Team (Ed.), Global Change and Local Places: Estimating, Understanding and Reducing Greenhouse Gases. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 2-26.
26. Kates, R.W., Wilbanks, T.J., Abler, R.F., 2003. Global change local places: lessons learned. In: A.o.A.G.G.R. Team (Ed.), Global Change and Local Places: Estimating, Understanding and Reducing Greenhouse Gases. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 143-157.
27. Kirshen, P., Ruth, M., Anderson, W., Lakshmanan, T.R., Chapra, S., Wayne, C., Edgers, E., Gute, D., Masoud, S., Vogel, R., 2004. Intrastructure systems, services and climate change: integrated impacts and response strategies for the Boston Metropolitan Area. Final Report to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Grant Number R.827450-01, Washington, DC.
28. Kousky C., and Schneider S.H. Global climate policy: will cities lead the way?. Climate Policy 3 (2003) 359-372
29. 2 sources and sinks in a polluted urban area (Southern Poland) over the last decade, derived from the carbon isotope composition. Radiocarbon 40 (1998) 417-423
30. Le Comte D.M., and Warren H.E. Modeling the impact of summer temperatures on national electricity consumption. Journal of Applied Meteorology 20 (1981) 1415-1419
31. 2 stabilization: moving away from carbon cultures. In: Field C.B., and Raupach M.R. (Eds). The Global Carbon Cycle: Integrating Humans, Climate and the Natural World (2004), Island Press, Washington 371-381
32. 2 emissions. Population and Development Review 21 (1995) 849-865
33. 2, climate and land use effects with four process-based models. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15 (2001) 183-206
34. Moriwaki R., and Kanda M. Seasonal and diurnal fluxes of radiation, heat, water vapor, and carbon dioxide over a suburban area. Journal of Applied Meteorology 43 (2004) 1700-1710
35. Mueller E.C., and Day T.A. The effect of urban ground cover on microclimate, growth and leaf gas exchange of oleander in Phoenix, Arizona. International Journal of Biometeorology 49 (2005) 244-255
36. Nakicenovic, N., Swart, R., et al., 2000. IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
37. 2 emissions on a city scale. Environmental Science and Technology 36 (2002) 3139-3146
38. Newman P., and Kenworthy J.R. Sustainability and Cities: Overcoming Automobile Dependence (1999), Island Press, Washington, DC
39. Nowak D.J., and Crane D.E. Carbon storage and sequestration by urban trees in the USA. Environmental Pollution 116 (2002) 381-389
40. Pataki D.E., Alig R.J., Fung A.S., Golubiewski N.E., Kennedy C.A., McPherson E.G., Nowak D.J., Pouyat R.V., and Romero Lankao P. Urban ecosystems and the North American carbon cycle. Global Change Biology 12 (2006) 1-11
41. Pataki D.E., Bowling D.R., and Ehleringer J.R. The seasonal cycle of carbon dioxide and its isotopic composition in an urban atmosphere: anthropogenic and biogenic effects. Journal of Geophysical Research 108 (2003) 4735
42. Pataki D.E., Bowling D.R., Ehleringer J.R., and Zobitz J.M. High resolution monitoring of urban carbon dioxide sources. Geophysical Research Letters 33 (2006) L03813 doi:03810.01029/02005GL024822
43. Pataki D.E., Bush S.E., and Ehleringer J.R. Stable isotopes as a tool in urban ecology. In: Flanagan L.B., Ehleringer J.R., and Pataki D.E. (Eds). Stable Isotopes and Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions: Processes and Biological Controls (2005), Elsevier, San Diego 199-216
44. Pataki D.E., Tyler B.J., Peterson R.E., Nair A.P., Steenburgh W.J., and Pardyjak E.R. Can carbon dioxide be used as a tracer of urban atmospheric transport?. Journal of Geophysical Research 110 (2005) D15102 10.1029/2004JD005723
45. Pataki D.E., Xu T., Luo Y., and Ehleringer J.R. Inferring biogenic and anthopogenic carbon dioxide sources across an urban to rural gradient. Oecologia 152 (2007) 307-322
46. Peterson M.N., Peterson M.J., and Peterson T.R. Conservation and the myth of consensus. Conservation Biology 19 (2005) 762-767
47. Peterson T.R., Kenimer A.L., and Grant W.E. Using mediated modeling to facilitate collaborative learning among residents of the San Antonio watershed, Texas, USA. In: van den Belt M. (Ed). Mediated Modeling: A Systems Dynamics Approach to Environmental Consensus Building (2004), Island Press, Washington 136-163
48. Quayle R.G., and Diaz H.F. Heating degree day data applied to residential heating energy consumption. Journal of Applied Meteorology 19 (1980) 241-246
49. Ramamurthy, P., Pardyjak, E.R., in review. Understanding the behavior of carbon dioxide and surface energy fluxes in the semi-arid Salt Lake Valley, Utah, USA. Atmospheric Environment.
50. Romero Lankao P. Pathways of regional development and the carbon cycle. In: Field C.B., and Raupach M.R. (Eds). The Global Carbon Cycle: Integrating Humans, Climate, and the Natural World (2004), Island Press, Washington, DC
51. Ruth M., and Lin A.-C. Regional energy demand and adaptations to climate change: methodology and application to the state of Maryland, USA. Energy Policy 34 (2006) 2820-2833
52. Sahely H.R., Dudding S., and Kennedy C.A. Estimating the urban metabolism of Canadian cities: Greater Toronto Area case study. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 30 (2003) 468-483
53. 2 and climate to carbon storage by ecosystems in the United States. Science 287 (2000) 2004-2006
54. Schimel D.S. Terrestrial ecosystems and the carbon cycle. Global Change Biology 1 (1995) 77-91
55. Schimel D.S., House J.I., Hibbard K., Bousquet P., Ciais P., Peylin P., Braswell B.H., Apps M.J., Baker D., Bondeau A., Canadell J., Churkina G., Cramer W., Denning A.S., Field C.B., Friedlingstein P., Goodale C.L., Heimann M., Houghton R.A., Melillo J.M., Moore B., Murdiyaso D., Noble I.R., Pacala S.W., Prentice I.C., Raupach M.R., Rayner P.J., Scholes R.J., Steffen W., and Wirth C. Recent patterns and mechanisms of carbon exchange by terrestrial ecosystems. Nature 414 (2001) 169-172
56. Siegenthaler U., and Sarmiento J. Atmospheric carbon dioxide and the ocean. Nature 365 (1993) 119-125
57. Snowdon, P., Raison, J., Keith, H., Ritson, P., Grierson, P., Adams, M., Montagu, K., Bi, H., Burrows, W., Eamus, D., 2002. Protocol for sampling tree and stand biomass. National Carbon Accounting System Technical Report No. 31. Austalian Greenhouse Office.
58. Spronken-Smith R.A., Oke T.R., and Lowry W.P. Advection and the surface energy balance across an irrigated urban park. International Journal of Climatology 20 (2000) 1033-1047
59. Suckling P.W., and Stackhouse L.L. Impact of climatic variability on residential electrical energy consumption in the eastern United States. Archives for Meteorology, Geophysics, and Bioclimatology 33B (1983) 219-227
60. Taha H., Akbari H., and Rosenfeld A. Heat-island and oasis effects of vegetative canopies - micro-meteorological field-measurements. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 44 (1991) 123-138
61. U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, 2000. National Transportation Statistics 2000. BTS01-01. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. .
62. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1999a. 1999 Status of the Nation's Surface Transportation: Conditions and Performance Report. USDOT, Washington, DC. URL: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/1999cpr/report.htm/.
63. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Office of Highway Policy Information, 1999b. Highway Statistics 1999. USDOT, Washington, DC. URL: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/hs99/index.htm/.
64. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Office of Highway Policy Information, 1995. Highway Statistics 1995. USDOT, Washington, DC. URL: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/1995/.
65. Utah Geological Survey, 2007. Energy and Mineral Statistics: Salt Lake City, UT. http://geology.utah.gov/sep/energydata/index.htm.
66. 2 fluxes and profiles over a central European city. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 84 (2006) 117-126
67. Webb E.K., Pearman G.I., and Leuning R. Correction of flux measurements for chemistry effects due to heat and water vapour transfer. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 106 (1980) 85-100
68. Wiant, H.V., 1977. Tables and procedures for estimating weights of some Appalachian hardwoods. Agr. and For. Exp. Sta. Bulletin 659T, West Virginia University.
69. Yearley S., Cinderby S., Forrester J., Bailey P., and Rosen P. Participatory modelling and the local governance of the politics of UK air pollution: a three-city case study. Environmental Values 12 (2003) 247-262