Duration of lactation and incidence of myocardial infarction in middle to late adulthood

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Volumn 200, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 138.e1-138.e8

  Stuebe, Alison M ^a   Michels, Karin B ^a,b   Willett, Walter C ^a,b   Manson, JoAnn E ^a,b   Rexrode, Kathryn ^a   Rich Edwards, Janet W ^a,b  

^a BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

epidemiology; lactation; myocardial infarction

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BREAST FEEDING; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LACTATION; LIFESTYLE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; OBESITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 58749099255     PISSN: 00029378     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.10.001     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Anderson R.N., and Smith B.L. Deaths: leading causes for 2002. Natl Vital Stat Rep 53 (2005) 17
2. Smith J.L., Lear S.R., Forte T.M., Ko W., Massimi M., and Erickson S.K. Effect of pregnancy and lactation on lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism in the rat. J. Lipid Res 39 (1998) 2237-2249
3. Darmady J.M., and Postle A.D. Lipid metabolism in pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 89 (1982) 211-215
4. Knopp R.H., Walden C.E., Wahl P.W., et al. Effect of postpartum lactation on lipoprotein lipids and apoproteins. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 60 (1985) 542-547
5. Katz M., and Creasy R.K. Cardiovascular and mammary blood flow alterations during pregnancy and nursing in the rabbit. Am J Obstet Gynecol 142 (1982) 458-462
6. Petersson M., Alster P., Lundeberg T., and Uvnas-Moberg K. Oxytocin causes a long-term decrease of blood pressure in female and male rats. Physiol Behav 60 (1996) 1311-1315
7. Light K.C., Smith T.E., Johns J.M., Brownley K.A., Hofheimer J.A., and Amico J.A. Oxytocin responsivity in mothers of infants: a preliminary study of relationships with blood pressure during laboratory stress and normal ambulatory activity. Health Psychol 19 (2000) 560-567
8. Mezzacappa E.S., Kelsey R.M., Myers M.M., and Katkin E.S. Breast-feeding and maternal cardiovascular function. Psychophysiology 38 (2001) 988-997
9. Robson S.C., Dunlop W., Boys R.J., and Hunter S. Haemodynamic effects of breast-feeding. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 96 (1989) 1106-1108
10. Stuebe A.M., Rich-Edwards J.W., Willett W.C., Manson J.E., and Michels K.B. Duration of lactation and incidence of type 2 Diabetes. JAMA 294 (2005) 2601-2610
11. Gunderson E.P., Lewis C.E., Wei G.S., Whitmer R.A., Quesenberry C.P., and Sidney S. Lactation and changes in maternal metabolic risk factors. Obstet Gynecol 109 (2007) 729-738
12. Lee S.Y., Kim M.T., Jee S.H., and Yang H.P. Does long-term lactation protect premenopausal women against hypertension risk?. A Korean women's cohort study. Prev Med 41 (2005) 433-438
13. Ram K.T., Bobby P., Hailpern S.M., et al. Duration of lactation is associated with lower prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in midlife-SWAN, the study of women's health across the nation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 198 (2008) 268.e1-268.e6
14. Colditz G.A., Manson J.E., and Hankinson S.E. The Nurses' Health Study: 20-year contribution to the understanding of health among women. J Womens Health 6 (1997) 49-62
15. Colditz G.A., Martin P., Stampfer M.J., et al. Validation of questionnaire information on risk factors and disease outcomes in a prospective cohort study of women. Am J Epidemiol 123 (1986) 894-900
16. Salvini S., Hunter D., Sampson L., et al. Food-based validation of a dietary questionnaire: the effects of week-to-week variation in food consumption. Int J Epidemiol 18 (1989) 858-867
17. Willett W.C. Nutritional epidemiology. In: Rothman K.J., and Greenland S. (Eds). Modern epidemiology (1998), Lippincott-Raven Publishers, Philadelphia, PA
18. Hu F.B., Manson J.E., Stampfer M.J., et al. Diet, lifestyle, and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women. N Engl J Med 345 (2001) 790-797
19. Wolf A., Hunter D., Colditz G., et al. Reproducibility and validity of a self-administered physical activity questionnaire. Int J Epidemiol 23 (1994) 991-999
20. Willett W., Stampfer M.J., Bain C., et al. Cigarette smoking, relative weight, and menopause. Am J Epidemiol 117 (1983) 651-658
21. Lawrence R.A., and Lawrence R.M. Breastfeeding: a guide for the medical profession (1999), Mosby, Inc, St Louis
22. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Breastfeeding practices: results from the 2005 National Immunization Survey (2005), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
23. Rasmussen K.M., Hilson J.A., and Kjolhede C.L. Obesity may impair lactogenesis II. J Nutr 131 (2001) 3009S-3011S
24. Sebire N.J., Jolly M., Harris J.P., et al. Maternal obesity and pregnancy outcome: a study of 287,213 pregnancies in London. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 25 (2001) 1175-1182
25. Promislow J.H.E., Gladen B.C., and Sandler D.P. Maternal recall of breastfeeding duration by elderly women. Am J Epidemiol 161 (2005) 289-296
26. Ness R.B., Harris T., Cobb J., et al. Number of pregnancies and the subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 328 (1993) 1528-1533
27. Lawlor D.A., Emberson J.R., Ebrahim S., et al. Is the association between parity and coronary heart disease due to biological effects of pregnancy or adverse lifestyle risk factors associated with child-rearing?. Findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study and the British Regional Heart Study. Circulation 107 (2003) 1260-1264
28. de Kleijn M.J.J., van der Schouw Y.T., and van der Graaf Y. Reproductive history and cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal women: a review of the literature. Maturitas 33 (1999) 7-36
29. Colditz G.A., Willett W.C., Stampfer M.J., Rosner B., Speizer F.E., and Hennekens C.H. A prospective study of age at menarche, parity, age at first birth, and coronary heart disease in women. Am J Epidemiol 126 (1987) 861-870
30. Cooper G.S., Ephross S.A., Weinberg C.R., Baird D.D., Whelan E.A., and Sandler D.P. Menstrual and reproductive risk factors for ischemic heart disease. Epidemiology 10 (1999) 255-259
31. Steenland K., Lally C., and Thun M. Parity and coronary heart disease among women in the American Cancer Society CPS II population. Epidemiology 7 (1996) 641-643
32. Irgens H.U., Reisaeter L., Irgens L.M., and Lie R.T. Long term mortality of mothers and fathers after pre-eclampsia: population based cohort study. BMJ 323 (2001) 1213-1217
33. Ray J.G., Vermeulen M.J., Schull M.J., and Redelmeier D.A. Cardiovascular health after maternal placental syndromes (CHAMPS): population-based retrospective cohort study. Lancet 366 (2005) 1797-1803
34. Burnol A.F., Leturque A., Ferre P., Kande J., and Girard J. Increased insulin sensitivity and responsiveness during lactation in rats. Am J Physiol 251 (1986) E537-E541
35. Jones R.G., Ilic V., and Williamson D.H. Physiological significance of altered insulin metabolism in the conscious rat during lactation. Biochem J 220 (1984) 455-460
36. Butte N.F., Hopkinson J.M., Mehta N., Moon J.K., and Smith E.O. Adjustments in energy expenditure and substrate utilization during late pregnancy and lactation. Am J Clin Nutr 69 (1999) 299-307
37. Bell A.W., and Bauman D.E. Adaptations of glucose metabolism during pregnancy and lactation. J Mamm Gland Biol Neoplasia 2 (1997) 265-278
38. Kjos S.L., Henry O., Lee R.M., Buchanan T.A., and Mishell Jr. D.R. The effect of lactation on glucose and lipid metabolism in women with recent gestational diabetes. Obstet Gynecol 82 (1993) 451-455
39. McManus R.M., Cunningham I., Watson A., Harker L., and Finegood D.T. Beta-cell function and visceral fat in lactating women with a history of gestational diabetes. Metabolism 50 (2001) 715-719
40. Vernon R.G., and Pond C.M. Adaptations of maternal adipose tissue to lactation. J Mamm Gland Biol Neoplasia 2 (1997) 231-241
41. Hamosh M., Clary T.R., Chernick S.S., and Scow R.O. Lipoprotein lipase activity of adipose and mammary tissue and plasma triglyceride in pregnant and lactating rats. Biochim Biophys Acta 210 (1970) 473-482
42. Da Costa T.H., and Williamson D.H. Regulation of rat mammary-gland uptake of orally administered [1-14C]triolein by insulin and prolactin: evidence for bihormonal control of lipoprotein lipase activity. Biochem J 300 (1994) 257-262
43. Moore B.J., and Brasel J.A. One cycle of reproduction consisting of pregnancy, lactation or no lactation, and recovery: effects on carcass composition in ad libitum-fed and food-restricted rats. J Nutr 114 (1984) 1548-1559
44. Steingrimsdottir L., Brasel J.A., and Greenwood M.R. Diet, pregnancy, and lactation: effects on adipose tissue, lipoprotein lipase, and fat cell size. Metabolism 29 (1980) 837-841
45. Rebuffe-Scrive M., Enk L., Crona N., et al. Fat cell metabolism in different regions in women. Effect of menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and lactation. J Clin Invest 75 (1985) 1973-1976
46. Butte N.F., and Hopkinson J.M. Body composition changes during lactation are highly variable among women. J Nutr 128 (1998) 381S-385S
47. Erkkola R., Viikari J., Irjala K., and Solakivi-Jaakkola T. One-year follow-up of lipoprotein metabolism after pregnancy. Biol Res Pregnancy Perinatol 7 (1986) 47-51
48. Petersson M., Lundeberg T., and Uvnas-Moberg K. Short-term increase and long-term decrease of blood pressure in response to oxytocin-potentiating effect of female steroid hormones. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 33 (1999) 102-108
49. Mezzacappa E.S., Kelsey R.M., and Katkin E.S. Breast feeding, bottle feeding, and maternal autonomic responses to stress. J Psychosom Res 58 (2005) 351-365
50. Johnston J.M., and Amico J.A. A prospective longitudinal study of the release of oxytocin and prolactin in response to infant suckling in long term lactation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 62 (1986) 653-657
51. Heinrichs M., Meinlschmidt G., Neumann I., et al. Effects of suckling on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to psychosocial stress in postpartum lactating women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86 (2001) 4798-4804
52. Altemus M., Redwine L.S., Leong Y.-M., Frye C.A., Porges S.W., and Carter C.S. Responses to laboratory psychosocial stress in postpartum women. Psychosom Med 63 (2001) 814-821
53. Dall S.R., and Boyd I.L. Evolution of mammals: lactation helps mothers to cope with unreliable food supplies. Proc Biol Sci 271 (2004) 2049-2057