The effects of trauma center care, admission volume, and surgical volume on paralysis after traumatic spinal cord injury

Annals of Surgery

Volumn 249, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 10-17

  MacIas, Carlos Aitor ^a,b   Rosengart, Matthew R ^a,c   Puyana, Juan Carlos ^c   Linde Zwirble, Walter T ^d   Smith, Wade ^e   Peitzman, Andrew B ^c   Angus, Derek C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d ZD Associates LLC   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; FEMALE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HOSPITAL DISCHARGE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; MEDICAL SPECIALIST; MEDICARE; MORTALITY; MULTICENTER STUDY; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PARALYSIS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SPINAL CORD INJURY; TREND STUDY; UNITED STATES; MIDDLE AGED; ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY; STATISTICS;

AGED; FEMALE; GUIDELINE ADHERENCE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; ORTHOPEDIC PROCEDURES; PARALYSIS; PATIENT ADMISSION; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; TRAUMA CENTERS;

EID: 58749084529     PISSN: 00034932     EISSN: 15281140     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31818a1505     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Lasfargues JE, Custis D, Morrone F, et al. A model for estimating spinal cord injury prevalence in the United States. Paraplegia. 1995;33: 62-68.
2. Berkowitz M, O'Leary D, Kruse D, et al. Spinal Cord Injury: An Analysis of Medical and Social Costs. New York, NY: Demos Medical Publishing; 1998.
3. National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center. The 2004 Annual Statistical Report for the Model Spinal Cord Injury Care Systems. Birmingham, AL 2004. Available at: http:images.main.uab.edu/spinalcord/pdf?les/ 2004statereport-.pdf. Accessed January 1, 2007.
4. Amar AP, Levy ML. Pathogenesis and pharmacological strategies for miti- gating secondary damage in acute spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery. 1999; 44:1027-1039; discussion 1039-1040.
5. Chen TY, Lee ST, Lui TN, et al. Ef?cacy of surgical treatment in traumatic central cord syndrome. Surg Neurol. 1997;48:435-440; discussion 441.
6. Fehlings MG, Tator CH. An evidence-based review of decompressive surgery in acute spinal cord injury: rationale, indications, and timing based on experimental and clinical studies. J Neurosurg. 1999;91(suppl 1):1-11.
7. La Rosa G, Conti A, Cardali S, et al. Does early decompression improve neurological outcome of spinal cord injured patients? Appraisal of the literature using a meta-analytical approach. Spinal Cord. 2004;42:503-512.
8. Lu K, Lee TC, Liang CL, et al. Delayed apnea in patients with mid-to lower cervical spinal cord injury. Spine. 2000;25:1332-1338.
9. Vale FL, Burns J, Jackson AB, et al. Combined medical and surgical treatment after acute spinal cord injury: results of a prospective pilot study to assess the merits of aggressive medical resuscitation and blood pressure management. J Neurosurg. 1997;87:239-246.
10. Fehlings MG, Perrin RG. The timing of surgical intervention in the treatment of spinal cord injury: a systematic review of recent clinical evidence. Spine. 2006;31(suppl 11):S28-35; discussion S36.
11. Committee on Trauma. Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient: 1999. Chicago, IL: American College of Surgeons; 1999.
12. Kahn JM, Goss CH, Heagerty PJ, et al. Hospital volume and the outcomes of mechanical ventilation. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:41-50.
13. Khuri SF, Daley J, Henderson W, et al. Relation of surgical volume to outcome in eight common operations: results from the VA National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Ann Surg. 1999;230:414-429; discussion 429-432.
14. Texas Healthcare Information Council. Texas Hospital Inpatient Dis- charge Public Use Data?le. Austin, TX: Department of State Health Services; 2002.
15. Virginia Health Information. 2001 Public Use File-PUF1 Patient Level Data, Virginia. Richmond, VA: Virginia Health Information; 2002.
16. Center for Health Statistics. 2001 Public File, Comprehensive Hospital Abstract Reporting System (CHARS). Olympia, WA: Washington State De- partment of Health; 2002.
17. Bureau of Biometrics and Health Statistics (BBHS). 2001 New York State Department of Health SPARCS "Expanded Administrative Releas- able" Data. New York, NY: State of New York, Department of Health; 2002.
18. State of Massachusetts Department of Health. Massachusetts Hospital Inpatient Data?le 2001. Boston, MA: State of Massachusetts, Department of Public Health; 2002.
19. State Center for Health Statistics. 2001 Hospital Inpatient Data File. Talla- hassee, FL: Agency for Healthcare Administration; 2002.
20. Department of Health and Senior Services. 2001 Discharge Data UB-92 YTD Tape File. Trenton, NJ: State of New Jersey, Department of Health and Senior Services, 2002; 2002.
21. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Medicare Provider Anal- ysis and Review (MEDPAR) File. Available at: http://www.cms.hhs. gov/Identi? ableDataFiles/05-MedicareProviderAnalysisandReviewFile. asp#TopOfPage. Accessed July 1, 2007.
22. Thurman D, Sniezek J, Johnson D, et al. Guidelines for Surveillance of Central Nervous System Injury. Atlanta, GA: Center for Disease Control and Prevention; 1995.
23. World Health Organization. International Classi?cation of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modi?cation. Vol 9th Revision. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1998.
24. US interim projections. Available at: www.census.gov. Accessed June 12, 2006.
25. The Johns Hopkins University, Trianalytics. ICDMAP90 Software and Users Guide. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University; 1997.
26. MacKenzie EJ, Steinwachs DM, Shankar B. Classifying trauma severity based on hospital discharge diagnoses. Validation of an ICD-9CM to AIS-85 conversion table. Med Care. 1989;27:412-422.
27. Baker SP, O'Neill B, Haddon W Jr, et al. The injury severity score: a method for describing patients with multiple injuries and evaluating emergency care. J Trauma. 1974;14:187-196.
28. Elixhauser A, Steiner C, Harris DR, et al. Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data. Med Care. 1998;36:8-27.
29. Deyo RA, Cherkin DC, Ciol MA. Adapting a clinical comorbidity index for use with ICD-9-CM administrative databases. J Clin Epidemiol. 1992;45: 613-619.
30. Society AT. National Inventory of Trauma Centers. American Trauma Society; 2004.
31. Zeger SL, Liang KY. Longitudinal data analysis for discrete and continuous outcomes. Biometrics. 1986;42:121-130.
32. Royston P, Ambler G, Sauerbrei W. The use of fractional polynomials to model continuous risk variables in epidemiology. Int J Epidemiol. 1999;28: 964-974.
33. D'Agostino RB Jr. Propensity score methods for bias reduction in the comparison of a treatment to a non-randomized control group. Stat Med. 15 1998;17:2265-2281.
34. Brookhart MA, Schneeweiss S, Rothman KJ, et al. Variable selection for propensity score models. Am J Epidemiol. 2006;163:1149-1156.
35. Joffe MM, Rosenbaum PR. Invited commentary: propensity scores. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;150:327-333.
36. DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials. 1986;7:177-188.
37. Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Controlling the risk of spurious ?ndings from meta-regression. Stat Med. 2004;23:1663-1682.
38. Using Longitude and Latitude to Determine Distance. The Math Forum @ Drexel. Available at: http://www.mathforum.com/library/drmath/view/ 51711.html. Accessed September 1, 2006.
39. MacKenzie EJ, Rivara FP, Jurkovich GJ, et al. A national evaluation of the effect of trauma-center care on mortality. N Engl J Med. 2006;354: 366-378.
40. Ma MH, MacKenzie EJ, Alcorta R, et al. Compliance with prehospital triage protocols for major trauma patients. J Trauma. 1999;46:168- 175.
41. Demetriades D, Sava J, Alo K, et al. Old age as a criterion for trauma team activation. J Trauma. 2001;51:754-756; discussion 756-757.
42. Scheetz LJ. Effectiveness of prehospital trauma triage guidelines for the identi?cation of major trauma in elderly motor vehicle crash victims. J Emerg Nurs. 2003;29:109-115.
43. Scheetz LJ. Trauma center versus non-trauma center admissions in adult trauma victims by age and gender. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2004;8: 268-272.
44. Vassar MJ, Holcroft JJ, Knudson MM, et al. Fractures in access to and assessment of trauma systems. J Am Coll Surg. 2003;197:717-725.
45. Zimmer-Gembeck MJ, Southard PA, Hedges JR, et al. Triage in an estab- lished trauma system. J Trauma. 1995;39:922-928.
46. Phillips S, Rond PC III, Kelly SM, et al. The failure of triage criteria to identify geriatric patients with trauma: results from the Florida Trauma Triage Study. J Trauma. 1996;40:278-283.
47. Santaniello JM, Esposito TJ, Luchette FA, et al. Mechanism of injury does not predict acuity or level of service need: ?eld triage criteria revisited. Surgery. 2003;134:698-703; discussion 703-694.
48. Helling TS, Watkins M, Evans LL, et al. Low falls: an underappreciated mechanism of injury. J Trauma. 1999;46:453-456.
49. Mullins RJ, Veum-Stone J, Hedges JR, et al. An analysis of Hospital Discharge Index as a trauma data base. J Trauma. 1995;39:941-948.
50. Jencks SF, Williams DK, Kay TL. Assessing hospital-associated deaths from discharge data. The role of length of stay and comorbidities. JAMA. 1988; 260:2240-2246.
51. Fox KM, Reuland M, Hawkes WG, et al. Accuracy of medical records in hip fracture. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1998;46:745-750.
52. National center for injury prevention and control. Injury Fact Book. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2001:96-97.