Surgical Management of Vitiligo and Other Leukodermas: Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines

Surgical Management of Vitiligo

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 69-79

  Gupta, Somesh ^a   Narang, Tarun ^b   Olsson, Mats J ^c   Ortonne, Jean Paul ^d  

^a ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (India)

^b POSTGRADUATE INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH   (India)

^c UPPSALA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^d UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF NICE   (France)

Author keywords

Cultured melanocytes; Leukoderma; Leukotrichia; Suction blister epidermal grafts (SBEG); Vitiligo

Indexed keywords

EID: 58149294410     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470987568.ch9     Document Type: Chapter

References (106)

1. Njoo MD, Bossuyt PMM, Westerhof W. Management of vitiligo. Results of a questionnaire among dermatologists in the Netherlands
2. van Geel N, Ongenae K, De Mil M, et al. Doubleblind placebo-controlled study of autologous transplanted epidermal cell suspensions for repigmenting vitiligo. Arch Dermatol 2004;140:1203-8.
3. Pai M, McCulloch M, Gorman JD, et al. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses: an illustrated, step-bystep guide. Natl Med J India 2004;17:86-95.
4. Gupta S, Handa S, Kumar B. A novel scoring system for evaluation of results of autologous transplantation methods in vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2002;68:33-37.
5. Malakar S. Successful split thickness skin grafts in stable vitiligo not responding to autologous miniature skin grafts. Indian J Dermatol 1997;42:215-8.
6. Olsson MJ, Juhlin L. Epidermal sheet grafts for repigmentation of vitiligo and piebaldism, with a review of surgical techniques. Acta Derm Venereol 1997;77:463-6.
7. Kahn AM, Ostad A, Moy RL. Grafting following short-pulse carbon dioxide laser de-epithelialization. Dermatol Surg 1996;22:965-7.
8. Bose SK. Modified Thiersch grafting in stable vitiligo. J Dermatol 1996;23:362-4.
9. Kahn AM, Cohen MJ. Vitiligo: treatment by dermabrasion and epithelial sheet grafting. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995;33:646-8.
10. Khandpur S, Sharma VK, Manchanda Y. Comparison of minipunch grafting versus split-skin grafting in chronic stable vitiligo. Dermatol Surg 2005;31:436-41.
11. Agrawal K, Agrawal A. Vitiligo: repigmentation with dermabrasion and thin split-thickness skin graft. Dermatol Surg 1995;21:295-300.
12. Bose SK. Thiersch grafting in recurrent herpesinduced lip depigmentation. J Dermatol 2005;32: 432-5.
13. Agrawal K, Agrawal A. Vitiligo: surgical repigmentation of leukotrichia. Dermatol Surg 1995;21:711-5.
14. Bose SK. Is there any treatment of leukotrichia in stable vitiligo? J Dermatol 1997;24:615-7.
15. Al-Qattan MM. Surgical management of post-burn skin dyspigmentation of the upper limb. Burns 2000;26:581-6.
16. Kahn AM, Cohen MJ. Treatment for depigmentation following burn injuries. Burns 1996;22:552-4.
17. Kahn AM, Cohen MJ, Kaplan L, Highton A. Vitiligo: treatment by dermabrasion and epithelial sheet grafting-a preliminary report. J Am Acad Dermatol 1993;28:773-4.
18. Acikel C, Ulkur E, Celikoz B. Carbon dioxide laser resurfacing and thin skin grafting in the treatment of "stable and recalcitrant" vitiligo. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003;111:1291-8.
19. Behl PN. Treatment of vitiligo with autologous thin Thiersch's grafts. Int J Dermatol 1973;12:329-31.
20. Achauer BM, Le Y, Vander Kam VM. Treatment of vitiligo with melanocytic grafting. Ann Plast Surg 1994;33:644-6.
21. Njoo MD, Nieuweboer-Krobotova L, Westerhof W. Repigmentation of leucodermic defects in piebaldism by dermabrasion and thin split-thickness skin grafting in combination with minigrafting. Br J Dermatol 1998;139:829-33.
22. Onur Erol O, Atabay K. The treatment of burn scar hypopigmentation and surface irregularity by dermabrasion and thin skin grafting. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990;85:754-8.
23. Gupta S, Sandhu K, Kanwar A, Kumar B. Melanocyte transfer via epidermal grafts for vitiligo of labial mucosa. Dermatol Surg 2004;30:45-8.
24. Gupta S, Goel A, Kanwar AJ. Autologous melanocyte transfer via epidermal grafts for lip vitiligo. Int J Dermatol 2006;45:747-50.
25. Czajkowski R. Comparison of melanocytes transplantation methods for the treatment of vitiligo. Dermatol Surg 2004;30:1400-5.
26. Gupta S, Kumar B. Epidermal grafting in vitiligo: influence of age, site of lesion, and type of disease on outcome. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003;49:99-104.
27. Pai GS, Vinod V, Joshi A. Efficacy of erbium YAG laser-assisted autologous epidermal grafting in vitiligo. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2002;16:604-6.
28. Gupta S, Kumar B. Epidermal grafting for vitiligo in adolescents. Pediatr Dermatol 2002;19:159-62.
29. Oh CK, Cha JH, Lim JY, Jo JH, Kim SJ, Jang HS, Kwon KS. Treatment of vitiligo with suction epidermal grafting by the use of an ultrapulse CO2 laser with a computerized pattern generator. Dermatol Surg 2001;27: 565-8.
30. Kim CY, Yoon TJ, Kim TH. Epidermal grafting after chemical epilation in the treatment of vitiligo. Dermatol Surg 2001;27:855-6.
31. Kim HU, Yun SK. Suction device for epidermal grafting in vitiligo: employing a syringe and a manometer to provide an adequate negative pressure. Dermatol Surg 2000;26:702-4.
32. Sachdev M, Shankar DS. Dermatologic surgery: pulsed erbium:YAG laser-assisted autologous epidermal punch grafting in vitiligo. Int J Dermatol 2000;39:868-71.
33. Sachdev M, Krupashankar DS. Suction blister grafting for stable vitiligo using pulsed erbium:YAG laser ablation for recipient site. Int J Dermatol 2000;39: 471-3.
34. Gupta S, Shroff S, Gupta S. Modified technique of suction blistering for epidermal grafting in vitiligo. Int J Dermatol 1999;38:306-9.
35. Gupta S, Jain VK, Saraswat PK. Suction blister epidermal grafting versus punch skin grafting in recalcitrant and stable vitiligo. Dermatol Surg 1999;25: 955-8.
36. Kim HY, Kang KY. Epidermal grafts for treatment of stable and progressive vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999;40:412-7.
37. Yang JS, Kye YC. Treatment of vitiligo with autologous epidermal grafting by means of pulsed erbium:YAG laser. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;38:280-2.
38. Tang WY, Chan LY, Lo KK. Treatment of vitiligo with autologous epidermal transplantation using the roofs of suction blisters. Hong Kong Med J 1998;4: 219-24.
39. Suga Y, Butt KI, Takimoto R, et al. Successful treatment of vitiligo with PUVA-pigmented autologous epidermal grafting. Int J Dermatol 1996;35: 518-22.
40. Skouge J, Morison WL. Vitiligo treatment with a combination of PUVA therapy and epidermal autografts. Arch Dermatol 1995;131:1257-8.
41. Hann SK, Im S, Bong HW, Park YK. Treatment of stable vitiligo with autologous epidermal grafting and PUVA. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995;32:943-8.
42. Mutalik S. Transplantation of melanocytes by epidermal grafting. An Indian experience. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1993;19:231-4.
43. Hann SK, Im S, Park YK, Hur W. Repigmentation of leukotrichia by epidermal grafting and systemic psoralen plus UV-A. Arch Dermatol 1992;128: 998-9.
44. Koga M. Epidermal grafting using the tops of suction blisters in the treatment of vitiligo. Arch Dermatol 1988;124:1656-8.
45. Suvanprakorn P, Dee-Ananlap S, Pongsomboon C, Klaus SN. Melanocyte autologous grafting for treatment of leukoderma. J Am Acad Dermatol 1985;13: 968-74.
46. Shenoi SD, Srinivas CR, Pai S. Treatment of stable vitiligo with autologous epidermal grafting and PUVA. J Am Acad Dermatol 1997;36:802-3.
47. Zachariae H, Zachariae C, Deleuran B, Kristensen P. Autotransplantation in vitiligo: treatment with epidermal grafts and cultured melanocytes. Acta Derm Venereol 1993;73:46-8.
48. Gupta S. Epidermal grafting for depigmentation due to discoid lupus erythematosus. Dermatology 2001; 202:320-3.
49. Falabella R. Repigmentation of leukoderma by autologous epidermal grafting. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1984;10:136-44.
50. Falabella R. Epidermal grafting. An original technique and its application in achromic and granulating areas. Arch Dermatol 1971;104:592-600.
51. Nanda S, Relhan V, Grover C, Reddy BS. Suction blister epidermal grafting for the management of vitiligo of the eyelid: special considerations. Dermatol Surg 2006;32:387-91.
52. Gupta S, Goel A. Letter to the editor: nevus depigmentosus needs transplant of epidermal sheets. Dermatol Surg 2005;31:1746-7.
53. Malakar S, Lahiri K. Punch grafting for lip leucoderma. Dermatology 2004;208:125-8.
54. Sarkar R, Mehta SD, Kanwar AJ. Repigmentation after autologous miniature punch grafting in segmental vitiligo in North Indian patients. J Dermatol 2001;28:540-6.
55. Falabella R, Barona M, Escobar C, Borrero I, Arrunategui A. Surgical combination therapy for vitiligo and piebaldism. Dermatol Surg 1995;21:852-7.
56. Singh AK, Bajaj AK. Autologous miniature skin punch grafting in vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1995;61:77-80.
57. Boersma BR, Westerhof W, Bos JD. Repigmentation in vitiligo vulgaris by autologous minigrafting: results in nineteen patients. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995;33:990-5.
58. Rathi TM, Singh AK. Punch grafting in the treatment of stable vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1994;60:188-91.
59. Savant SS. Autologous miniature punch skin grafting in stable vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1992;58:310-4.
60. Falabella R. Treatment of localized vitiligo by autologous minigrafting. Arch Dermatol 1988;124:1649-55.
61. Falabella R. Repigmentation of segmental vitiligo by autologous minigrafting. J Am Acad Dermatol 1983; 9:514-21.
62. Falabella R. Repigmentation of leukoderma by minigrafts of normally pigmented, autologous skin. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1978;4:916-9.
63. Garg T, Khaitan BK, Manchanda Y. Autologous punch grafting for repigmentation in piebaldism. J Dermatol 2003;30:849-50.
64. Falabella R. Repigmentation of stable leukoderma by autologous minigrafting. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1986; 12:172-9.
65. Hallaji Z, Daneshpazhooh M, Rezai-khiabanloo S. Successful treatment of vitiligo with punch graft followed by outdoor topical psoralen plus ultraviolet A radiation. Arch Iran Med 2003;6:86-90.
66. Shah BH, Joshipura SP, Thakkar JK. Surgical treatment in acrofacial vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1994;60:26-27.
67. Malakar S, Dhar S. Acyclovir can abort rejection of punch grafts in herpes-simplex-induced lip leucoderma. Dermatology 1999;199:75.
68. Kumar P. Autologous punch grafting for vitiligo of the palm. Dermatol Surg 2005;31:368-70.
69. Malakar S, Dhar S. Acyclovir can abort rejection of punch grafts in herpes-simplex-induced lip leucoderma. Dermatology 1999;199:75.
70. Mulekar SV, Al Issa A, Al Eisa A, Asaad M. Genital vitiligo treated by autologous, noncultured melanocyte-keratinocyte cell transplantation. Dermatol Surg 2005;31:1737-9.
71. Xu AE, Wei XD, Cheng DQ, et al. Transplantation of autologous noncultured epidermal cell suspension in treatment of patients with stable vitiligo. Chin Med J (Engl) 2005;118:77-9.
72. Mulekar SV. Long-term follow-up study of segmental and focal vitiligo treated by autologous, noncultured melanocyte-keratinocyte cell transplantation. Arch Dermatol 2004;140:1211-5.
73. Tegta GR, Parsad D, Majumdar S, Kumar B. Efficacy of autologous transplantation of noncultured epidermal suspension in two different dilutions in the treatment of vitiligo. Int J Dermatol 2006;45:106-10.
74. Mulekar SV. Long-term follow-up study of 142 patients with vitiligo vulgaris treated by autologous, non-cultured melanocyte-keratinocyte cell transplantation. Int J Dermatol 2005;44: 841-5
75. van Geel N, Ongenae K, De Mil M, Naeyaert JM. Modified technique of autologous noncultured epidermal cell transplantation for repigmenting vitiligo: a pilot study. Dermatol Surg 2001;27:873-6.
76. Olsson MJ, Juhlin L. Leucoderma treated by transplantation of a basal cell layer enriched suspension. Br J Dermatol 1998;138:644-8.
77. Gauthier Y, Surleve-Bazeille JE. Autologous grafting with noncultured melanocytes: a simplified method for treatment of depigmented lesions. J Am Acad Dermatol 1992;26:191-4.
78. Pandya V, Parmar KS, Shah BJ, Bilimoria FE. A study of autologous melanocyte transfer in treatment of stable vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2005;71:393-7.
79. Chen YF, Chang JS, Yang PY, et al. Transplant of cultured autologous pure melanocytes after laserabrasion for the treatment of segmental vitiligo. J Dermatol 2000;27:434-9.
80. Lontz W, Olsson MJ, Moellmann G, Lerner AB. Pigment cell transplantation for treatment of vitiligo: a progress report. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994;30:591-7.
81. Olsson MJ, Juhlin L. Transplantation of melanocytes in vitiligo. Br J Dermatol 1995;132:587-91.
82. Kaufmann R, Greiner D, Kippenberger S, Bernd A. Grafting of in vitro cultured melanocytes onto laserablated lesions in vitiligo. Acta Derm Venereol 1998;78:136-8.
83. Olsson MJ, Moellmann G, Lerner AB, Juhlin L. Vitiligo: repigmentation with cultured melanocytes after cryostorage. Acta Derm Venereol 1994;74:226-8.
84. Olsson MJ, Juhlin L. Repigmentation of vitiligo by transplantation of cultured autologous melanocytes. Acta Derm Venereol 1993;73:49-51.
85. Lerner AB, Halaban R, Klaus SN, Moellmann GE. Transplantation of human melanocytes. J Invest Dermatol 1987;89:219-24.
86. Chen YF, Yang PY, Hung CM, Hu DN. Transplantation of autologous cultured melanocytes for treatment of large segmental vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001; 44:543-5.
87. Jha AK, Pandey SS, Gulati AK, et al. Inoculation of a cultured autologous epidermal suspension containing melanocytes in vitiligo. Arch Dermatol 1993;129:785-6.
88. Pianigiani E, Risulo M, Andreassi A, et al. Autologous epidermal cultures and narrow-band ultraviolet B in the surgical treatment of vitiligo. Dermatol Surg 2005;31:155-9.
89. Guerra L, Primavera G, Raskovic D, et al. Erbium:YAG laser and cultured epidermis in the surgical therapy of stable vitiligo. Arch Dermatol 2003;139:1303-10.
90. Guerra L, Capurro S, Melchi F, et al. Treatment of "stable" vitiligo by Timedsurgery and transplantation of cultured epidermal autografts. Arch Dermatol 2000;136:1380-9.
91. Andreassi L, Pianigiani E, Andreassi A, Taddeucci P, Biagioli M. A new model of epidermal culture for the surgical treatment of vitiligo. Int J Dermatol 1998;37:595-8.
92. Kumagai N, Uchikoshi T. Treatment of extensive hypomelanosis with autologous cultured epithelium. Ann Plast Surg 1997;39:68-73.
93. Falabella R, Escobar C, Borrero I. Transplantation of in vitro-cultured epidermis bearing melanocytes for repigmenting vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 1989;21: 257-64.
94. Falabella R, Escobar C, Borrero I. Treatment of refractory and stable vitiligo by transplantation of in vitro cultured epidermal autografts bearing melanocytes. J Am Acad Dermatol 1992;26:230-6.
95. Toriyama K, Kamei Y, Kazeto T, et al. Combination of short-pulsed CO2 laser resurfacing and cultured epidermal sheet autografting in the treatment of vitiligo: a preliminary report. Ann Plast Surg 2004;53: 178-80.
96. Guerra L, Primavera G, Raskovic D, et al. Permanent repigmentation of piebaldism by erbium:YAG laser and autologous cultured epidermis. Br J Dermatol 2004;150:715-21.
97. Stoner ML, Wood FM. The treatment of hypopigmented lesions with cultured epithelial autograft. J Burn Care Rehabil 2000;21:50-4.
98. Malakar S, Dhar S. Repigmentation of vitiligo patches by transplantation of hair follicles. Int J Dermatol 1999;38:237-8.
99. Na GY, Seo SK, Choi SK. Single hair grafting for the treatment of vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;38: 580-4.
100. Tsukamoto K, Osada A, Kitamura R, et al. Approaches to repigmentation of vitiligo skin: new treatment with ultrasonic abrasion, seed-grafting and psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy. Pigm Cell Res 2002;15:331-4.
101. McGovern TW, Bolognia J, Leffell DJ. Flip-top pigment transplantation: a novel transplantation procedure for the treatment of depigmentation. Arch Dermatol 1999;135:1305-7.
102. Olsson MJ, Juhlin L. Long-term follow-up of leucoderma patients treated with transplants of autologous cultured melanocytes, ultrathin epidermal sheets and basal cell layer suspension. Br J Dermatol 2002;147:893-904.
103. Lahiri K, Malakar S, Sarma N. Herpes-simplexinduced lip leucoderma revisited. Dermatology 2004; 208:182.
104. Malakar S, Lahiri K. Successful repigmentation of six cases of herpes-labialis-induced lip leucoderma by micropigmentation. Dermatology 2001;203:194
105. de Vijlder HC, Westerhof W, Schreuder GM, et al. Differences in pathogenesis between vitiligo vulgaris and halo nevi associated with vitiligo is supported by an HLA association study. Pigm Cell Res 2004;17: 270-4.
106. Grover R, Morgan BD. Management of hypopigmentation following burn injury. Burns 1996; 22:627-30.