The role of adult attachment, parental bonding, and spiritual love in the adjustment to military trauma

Journal of Trauma and Dissociation

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 85-106

  Ghafoori, Bita ^a,b   Hierholzer, Robert ^a,c   Howsepian, Barbara ^c   Boardman, Angela ^c  

^a Central California Health Care System   (United States)

^b CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Attachment; PTSD; Trauma

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE SEVERITY; EMOTIONAL ATTACHMENT; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; LOVE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MILITARY SERVICE; PARENTAL BEHAVIOR; PERSONAL EXPERIENCE; PILOT STUDY; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RELIGION; SELF REPORT; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL BELIEF; VETERAN; CHILD; CHILD PARENT RELATION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; COURTSHIP; EDUCATION; ETHNIC GROUP; EVALUATION; INFORMATION PROCESSING; INTERVIEW; MALE; MARRIAGE; MIDDLE AGED; OBJECT RELATION; QUESTIONNAIRE; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CHILD; COURTSHIP; DATA COLLECTION; DATA INTERPRETATION, STATISTICAL; EDUCATION; ETHNIC GROUPS; HUMANS; INTERVIEWS AS TOPIC; LOVE; MALE; MARITAL STATUS; MIDDLE AGED; OBJECT ATTACHMENT; PARENT-CHILD RELATIONS; PILOT PROJECTS; QUESTIONNAIRES; RELIGION; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; UNITED STATES; VETERANS;

EID: 58149229863     PISSN: 15299732     EISSN: 15299740     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15299730802073726     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Alexander, P. C., Anderson, C. L., Brand, B., Schaeffer, C. M., Grelling, B. Z. and Kretz, L. (1998) Adult attachment and long-term effects in survivors of incest. Child Abuse & Neglect, 22, pp. 45-61.
2. American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders., American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC
3. Amini, F., Lewis, T., Lannon, R., Louie, A., Baumbacher, G., McGuinness, T. and Schiff, E. Z. (1996) Affect, attachment, memory: Contributions toward psycho-biologic integration. Psychiatry, 59, pp. 213-239.
4. Benotsch, E. G., Brailey, K. B., Vasterling, J. J., Uddo, M., Constans, J. I. and Sutker, P. B. (2000) War zone stress, personal and environmental resources, and PTSD symptoms in Gulf War veterans: A longitudinal perspective. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, pp. 205-213.
5. Blake, D. D., Weathers, F. W., Nagy, L. M., Kaloupek, D. G., Charney, D. S. and Keane, T. M. (1998) Clinician administered PTSD scale for DSM-IV, National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Behavioral Science Division, Boston
6. Boman, B. (1986) Early experiential environment, maternal bonding and the susceptibility to post-traumatic stress disorder. Military Medicine, 151, pp. 528-531.
7. Bowlby, J. (1969) Attachment, 1 of Attachment and loss, Hogarth Press, London
8. Bowlby, J. (1973) Separation: Anxiety & Anger 2 of Attachment and loss, Hogarth Press, London
9. Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L. and Shaver, P. R. (1998) Self report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. Attachment theory and close relationships, pp. 46-76. Guilford Press, New York
10. Bretherton, I. (1985) Attachment theory, retrospect, and prospect. Growing points in attachment theory and research, Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development 49, 6, 209. pp. 3-38.
11. Csikszentmihalyi, M. and Larson, R. (1984) Being adolescent: Conflict and growth in the teenage years, Basic Books, New York
12. Dieperink, M., Leskela, J., Thuras, P. and Engdahl, B. (2001) Attachment style classification and posttraumatic stress disorder in former prisoners of war. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 71, pp. 374-378.
13. Elder, G. H. and Clipp, E. C. (1988) Wartime losses and social bonding: influences across 40 years in men's lives. Psychiatry, 51, pp. 177-198.
14. Fraley, R. C., Garner, J. P. and Shaver, P. R. (2000) Adult attachment and the defensive regulation of attention and memory: The role of preemptive and postemptive processes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, pp. 816-826.
15. Fraley, R. C., Waller, N. G. and Brennan, K. G. (2000) An item response theory analysis of self-report measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, pp. 350-365.
16. Goldberg, D. (2003) Vulnerability, destabilization and restitution in anxious depression. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, Supplementum, 108, pp. 81-82.
17. Griffin, D. and Bartholomew, K. (1994) Models of the self and other: Fundamental dimensions underlying measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, pp. 430-445.
18. Hazen, C. and Shaver, P. (1987) Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, pp. 511-524.
19. Izard, C. and Kobak, R. (1991) Emotion system functioning and emotion regulation. The development of affect regulation, pp. 303-322. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, NY
20. Keane, T. M., Fairbank, J. A., Caddell, J. M., Zimering, R. T., Taylor, K. L. and Mora, C. A. (1989) Clinical evaluation of a measure to assess combat exposure. Psychological Assessment, 1, pp. 53-55.
21. Kirkpatrick, L. A. and Shaver, P. R. (1992) An attachment-theoretical approach to romantic love and religious belief. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, pp. 266-275.
22. Levin, J. (2001) God, love, and health: Findings from a clinical study. Review of Religious Research, 42, pp. 277-293.
23. MacDonald, C., Chamberlain, K., Long, N. and Flett, R. (1999) Posttraumatic stress disorder and interpersonal functioning in Vietnam war veterans: A mediational model. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 12, pp. 701-707.
24. Main, M. (1990) Cross-cultural studies of attachment organization: Recent studies, changing methodologies, and the concept of conditional strategies. Human Development, 33, pp. 48-61.
25. Main, M. and Goldwyn, R. (1984) Predicting rejection of her infant from mother's representation of her own experience: Implications for the abused-abusing inter-generational cycle. Child Abuse & Neglect, 8, pp. 203-217.
26. Main, M., Kaplan, N. and Cassidy, J. (1985) Security in infancy, childhood, and adulthood: A move to the level of representation. Growing points of attachment theory and research. Monograph for the Society for Research in Child Development., University of Chicago Press, Chicago
27. Muller, R. T., Sicoli, L. A. and Lemieux, K. E. (2000) Relationship between attachment style and posttraumatic stress symptomology among adults who report the experience of childhood abuse. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 13, pp. 321-322.
28. Parker, G. (1990) The parental bonding instrument. A decade of research. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 25, pp. 281-282.
29. Parker, G., Tupling, H. and Brown, L. B. (1979) A parental bonding instrument. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 52, pp. 1-10.
30. Solomon, Z. and Mikulincer, M. (1987) Combat stress reactions, posttraumatic stress disorder, and social adjustment. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disorders, 175, pp. 277-285.
31. Weathers, F. W., Ruscio, A. M. and Keane, T. M. (1999) Psychometric properties of nine scoring rules for the Clinician-Administered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale. Psychological Assessment, 11, pp. 124-133.
32. Wei, M., Vogel, D. L., Ku, T-Y. and Zakalik, R. A. (2005) Adult attachment, affect regulation, negative mood, and interpersonal problems: The mediating roles of emotional reactivity and emotional cutoff. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, pp. 14-24.
33. Yehuda, R. (2000) Biology of posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 61:7, pp. 14-21.
34. Yehuda, R. and McFarlane, A. C. (1995) Conflict between current knowledge about posttraumatic stress disorder and its original conceptual basis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 152, pp. 1705-1713.