Fasting state and episodes of vomiting in children receiving nitrous oxide for dental treatment

Pediatric Dentistry

Volumn 30, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 414-419

  Kupietzky, Ari ^b   Tal, Eli ^b   Shapira, Joseph ^a   Ram, Diana ^b  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Adverse; Children; Fasting; Nitrous oxide

Indexed keywords

INHALATION ANESTHETIC AGENT; NITROUS OXIDE; OXYGEN;

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; BODY WEIGHT; CHILD; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DENTAL ANESTHESIA; DIET RESTRICTION; EATING; FEMALE; HUMAN; INHALATION ANESTHESIA; MALE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; TIME; VOMITING;

ADOLESCENT; ANESTHESIA, DENTAL; ANESTHESIA, INHALATION; ANESTHETICS, INHALATION; BODY WEIGHT; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; EATING; FASTING; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; NITROUS OXIDE; OXYGEN; TIME FACTORS; VOMITING;

EID: 58149184664     PISSN: 01641263     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Wilson S. A survey of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry membership: Nitrous oxide and sedation. Pediatr Dent 1996; 18:287-93.
2. Adair SM, Waller JL, Schafer TE, Rockman RA. A survey of members of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry on their use of behavior management techniques. Pediatr Dent 2004;26:159-66.
3. Duncan GH, Moore P. Nitrous oxide and the dental patient: A review of adverse reactions. J Am Dent Assoc 1984;108:213-9.
4. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Guidelines for monitoring and management of pediatric patients during and after sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Reference Manual 2006-07. Pediatr Dent 2006;115-32.
5. American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, Cote CJ, Wilson S, Work Group on Sedation. Guidelines for monitoring and management of pediatric patients during and after sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures: An update. Pediatrics 2006;118:2587-602.
6. American Society of Anesthesiologists. Task force on sedation and analgesia by nonanesthesiologists. Practice guidelines for sedation and analgesia by nonanesthesiologists. Anesthesiology 2002;96:1004-17.
7. Godwin SA, Caro DA, Wolf SJ, Jagoda AS, Charles R, Marett BE, Moore J. American College of Emergency Physicians. Clinical policy: Procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 2005;45:177-96.
8. Warner MA, Warner ME, Warner DO, Warner LO, Warner EJ. Perioperative pulmonary aspiration in infants and children. Anesthesiology 1999:90:66-71.
9. Olsson GL, Hallen B, Hambraeus-Jonzon K. Aspiration during anesthesia: A computer-aided study of 185, 358 anesthetics. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1986;30:84-92.
10. Hoffman GM, Nowakowski R, Troshynski TJ, et al. Risk reduction in pediatric procedural sedation by application of an American Academy of Pediatrics/American Society of Anesthesiologists process model. Pediatrics 2002; 109:236-43.
11. Ghaffar S, Haverland C, Ramasciotti C, et al. Sedation for pediatric echocardiography: Evaluation of preprocedure fasting guidelines. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2002; 15: 980-3.
12. Treston G. Prolonged preprocedure fasting time is unnecessary when using titrated intravenous ketamine for pediatric procedural sedation. Emerg Med Australas 2004;16:145-50.
13. Roback MG, Bajaj L, Wathen JE, et al. Preprocedural fasting and adverse events in procedural sedation and analgesia in a pediatric emergency department: Are they related? Ann Emerg Med 2004;44:454-9.
14. Agrawal D, Manzi SF, Gupta R, et al. Preprocedural fasting state and adverse events in children undergoing procedural sedation and analgesia in a pediatric emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 2003;42:636-46.
15. Kennedy RM, Porter FL, Miller P, et al. Comparison of fentanyl/midazolam with ketamine/midazolam for pediatric orthopedic emergencies. Pediatrics 1998; 102: 956-63.
16. Keidan I, Gozal D, Minuskin T, et al. The effect of fasting practice on sedation with chloral hydrate. Pediatr Emerg Care 2004;20:805-7.
17. Babl FE, Puspitadewi A, Barnett P, Oakley E, Spicer M. Preprocedural fasting state and adverse events in children receiving nitrous oxide for procedural sedation and analgesia. Pediatr Emerg Car 2005:21:736-43.
18. Lahoud GY, Averley PA. Comparison of sevoflurane and nitrous oxide mixture with nitrous oxide alone for inhalation conscious sedation in children having dental treatment: A randomized controlled trial. Anaesthesia 2002;57:446-50.
19. Hee HI, Goy RW, Ng AS. Effective reduction of anxiety and pain during venous cannulation in children: A comparison of analgesic efficacy conferred by nitrous oxide, EMLA, and combination. Paediatr Anaesth 2003:13:210-6.
20. Keidan I, Zaslansky R, Yusim Y, et al. Continuous flow 50:50 nitrous oxide: Oxygen is effective for relief of procedural pain in the pediatric emergency department. Acute Pain 2003:5:25-30.
21. Annequin D, Carbajal R, Chauvin P, et al. Fixed 50% nitrous oxide oxygen mixture for painful procedures: A French survey. Pediatrics 2000;105:E47.
22. Gall O, Annequin D, Benoit G, et al. Adverse events of premixed nitrous oxide and oxygen for procedural sedation in children. Lancet 2001:358:1514-5.
23. Wattenmaker I, Kasser JR, McGravey A. Selfadministered nitrous oxide for fracture reduction in children in an emergency room setting. J Orthop Trauma 1990;4:35-8.
24. Henderson JM, Spence DG, Komocar LM, et al. Administration nitrous oxide to pediatric patients provides analgesia for venous cannulation. Anesthesiology 1990; 72:269-71.
25. Griffin GC, Campbell VD, Jones R. Nitrous oxide-oxygen sedation for minor surgery: Experience in a pediatric setting. JAMA 1981;245:2411-3.
26. Hennrikus WL, Simpson RB, Klingelberger CE, et al. Self-administered nitrous oxide analgesia for pediatric fracture reductions. J Pediatr Orthop 1994; 14:538-42.
27. Cleary AG, Ramanan AV, Baildam E, et al. Nitrous oxide analgesia during intra-articular injection for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arch Dis Child 2002;86:416-8.
28. Luhmann JD, Kennedy RM, Porter FL, et al. A randomized clinical trial of continuous flow nitrous oxide and midazolam for sedation of young children during laceration repair. Ann Emerg Med 2001;37:20-7.
29. Wilson KE, Girdler NM, Welbury RR. Randomized, controlled, crossover clinical trial comparing intravenous midazolam sedation with nitrous oxide sedation in children undergoing dental extractions. Br J Anaesth 2003;91:850-6.
30. Gamis AS, Knapp JF, Glenski JA. Nitrous oxide analgesia in a pediatric emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 1989;18:177-81.
31. Kanagasundaram SA, Lane LJ, Cavalletto BP, et al. Efficacy and safety of nitrous oxide in alleviating pain and anxiety during painful procedures. Arch Dis Child 2001;84:492-5.
32. Houck WR, Ripa LW. Vomiting frequency in children administered nitrous oxide-oxygen in analgesic doses. J Dent Child 1971;28:404-6.
33. th ed. St. Louis, Mo: CV Mosby Co; 2003:257-61.
34. Guideline on the elective use of minimal, moderate, and deep sedation and general anesthesia. Reference Manual 2004-05. Pediatr Dent 2004;26:110-8.
35. Tiret L, Nivoche Y, Hatton F, Desmonts JM, Vourc'h G. Complications related to anesthesia in infants and children: A prospective survey of 40, 240 anesthetics. Br J Anaesth 1988;61:263-9.
36. Manchikanti L, Colliver JA, Marreer TC, Roush JR. Assessment of age-related acid aspiration risk factors in pediatric, adult, and geriatric patients. Anesth Analg 1985;64:11-7.
37. Cote CJ, Goudsouzian NG, Liu LMP, Dedrick DF, Szyfelbein SK. Assessment of risk factors related to the acid aspiration syndrome in pediatric patients-gastric pH and residual volume. Anesthesiology 1982;56:70-2.
38. Nicolson SC, Schreiner MS. Feed the babies. Anesth Analg 1994;79:407-9.
39. Ingebo KR, Rayhorn NJ, Hecht RM, Shelton MT, Silber GH, Shub MD Sedation in children: Adequacy of twohour fasting. J Pediatr 1997;131:155-8.
40. Hosey MT. UK National Clinical Guidelines in Paediatric Dentistry. Managing anxious children: The use of conscious sedation in pediatric dentistry. Int J Paediatr Dent 2002;12:359-72.
41. Gleghorn EE. Preoperative fasting: You don't have to be cruel to be kind. J Pediatr 1997;131:12-3.
42. 2 sedation in pediatrics. In: Clark M, Brunick A, eds. Handbook of Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Sedation. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo: CV Mosby Co; 2003;77-88.
43. Paterson SA, Tahmassebi JF. Pediatric dentistry in the new millennium: 3. Use of inhalation sedation in pediatric dentistry. Dent Update 2003;30:350-6, 358.
44. Nader ND, Simpson G, Reedy RL. Middle ear pressure changes after nitrous oxide anesthesia and its effect on postoperative nausea and vomiting. Laryngoscope 2004;114:883-6.
45. Anatomy and physiology of respiration and airway management. In: Clark M, Brunick A, eds. Handbook of Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen Sedation. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo: CV Mosby Co; 2003:77-88.