Do adolescents' perceptions of parental racial attitudes relate to their intergroup contact and cross-race relationships?

Group Processes and Intergroup Relations

Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 5-21

  Edmonds, Christina ^a,b   Killen, Melanie ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

^b NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Adolescent intergroup attitudes; Cross race relationships; Developmental intergroup contact

Indexed keywords

EID: 58149181502     PISSN: 13684302     EISSN: 14617188     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1368430208098773     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Aboud, F.E., & Levy, S.R. (2000). Interventions to reduce prejudice and discrimination in children and adolescents. In S. Oskamp (Ed.), Reducing prejudice and discrimination (pp. 269-293). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
2. Aboud, F.E., Mendelsohn, M.J., & Purdy, P. (2003). Cross race peer relationships and friendship quality. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 27(2), 165-173.
3. Abrams, D., & Rutland, A. (2008). Developmental subjective group dynamics. In S. R. Levy & M. Killen (Eds.), Intergroup attitudes and relations in childhood through adulthood (pp. 47-65). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
4. Allport, G.W. (1954). The nature of prejudice. Cambridge, MA: Addison Wesley.
5. Crystal, D., Killen, M., & Ruck, M. (2008). It's who you know that counts: Intergroup contact and judgments about race-based exclusion. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 26, 51-70.
6. Devine, P. (1989). Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 5-18.
7. Dovidio, J.F. (1999). Stereotyping. In R. A. Wilson & F. C. Keil (Eds.), The MIT encyclopaedia of the cognitive sciences (pp. 804-806). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
8. Dovidio, J.F., & Gaertner, S.L. (2004). Aversive racism. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 1-52). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
9. Dovidio, J.F., Gaertner, S.L., & Kawakami, K. (2003). Intergroup contact: The past, present, and the future. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 6(1), 5-21.
10. Fishbein, H.D. (1996). Peer prejudice and discrimination: Evolutionary, cultural, and developmental dynamics. Boulder, CO: Westview.
11. Frankenberg, E., Lee, C., & Orfield, G. (2003). A multiracial society with segregated schools: Are we losing the dream? Cambridge, MA: The Harvard Civil Rights Project.
12. Graham, J.A., & Cohen, R. (1997). Race and sex factors in children's sociometric ratings and friendship choices. Social Development, 6, 355-372.
13. Grusec, J.E., & Goodnow, J. (1994). Impact of parental discipline methods on the child's internalization of values: A reconceptualization of current points of view. Developmental Psychology, 30(1), 4-19.
14. Hallinan, M.T., & Teixeira, R.A. (1987 a). Students' interracial friendships: Individual characteristics, structural effects and racial differences. American Journal of Education, 95, 563-583.
15. Hallinan, M.T., & Teixeira, R.A. (1987b). Opportunities and constraints: Black-white differences in the formation of interracial friendships. Child Development, 58, 1358-1371.
16. Hartup, W.W. (1983). Peer relations. In E. M. Hetherington (Ed.) & P. H. Mussen (Series Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 4. Socialization, personality, and social development (pp. 103-196). New York: Wiley.
17. Howes, C., & Wu, F. (1990). Peer interactions and friendships in an ethnically diverse school setting. Child Development, 61, 537-541.
18. Katz, I., & Hass, R. (1988). Racial ambivalence, value duality, and behavior. In J. Dovidio & S. Gaertner (Eds.), Prejudice, discrimination, and racism (pp. 35-60). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
19. Kennedy, R. (2003). Interracial intimacies: Sex, marriage, identity, and adoption. New York: Pantheon Books.
20. Kerner, M., & Aboud, F.E. (1998). The importance of friendship qualities and reciprocity in a multiracial school. The Canadian Journal of Research in Early Childhood Education, 7, 117-125.
21. Killen, M., Crystal, D., & Ruck, M. (2007). The social developmental benefits of intergroup contact for children and adolescents. In E. Frankenberg & G. Orfield (Eds.), Realizing the promise of racial diversity in American schools (pp. 57-73). Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press.
22. Killen, M. (2007). Children's social and moral reasoning about exclusion. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16, 32-36.
23. Killen, M., Richardson, C., Kelly, M.C., Crystal, D. & Ruck, M. (2006). European-American students' evaluations of interracial social exchanges in relation to the ethnic diversity of school environments. Paper presented at the annual convention of the Association for Psychological Science, New York City, May.
24. Killen, M., Sinno, S., & Margie, N.G. (2007). Children's experiences and judgments about group exclusion and inclusion. In R. Kail (Ed.), Advances in child psychology (Vol. 35, pp. 173-218). New York: Elsevier.
25. Kurlaender, M. & Yun, J.T. (2002). The impact of racial and ethnic diversity on educational outcomes: Cambridge, MA School District. Cambridge, MA: The Harvard Civil Rights Project.
26. McGlothlin, H., Killen, M., & Edmonds, C. (2005). European-American children's intergroup attitudes about peer relationships. British Journal of Development Psychology, 23, 227-249.
27. Mendoza-Denton, R., & Page-Gould, E. (2008). Can cross-group friendships influence minority students' well being at historically White universities? Psychological Science, 19, 933-939.
28. Miller, S.C., Olson, M.A., & Fazio, R.H. (2004). Perceived reactions to interracial romantic relationships: When race is used as a cue to status. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 7(4), 354-369.
29. Mills, J.K., Daly, J., Longmore, A., & Kilbride, G. (1995). A note on family acceptance involving interracial friendships and romantic relationships. Psychological Reports, 1(69), 753-754.
30. Nucci, L.P. (2001). Education in the moral domain. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
31. Page-Gould, E., Mendoza-Denton, R., & Tropp, L. (2008). With a little help from my cross-group friends: Reducing intergroup anxiety through cross-group friendship. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 1080-1094.
32. Pettigrew, T.F. (1997). Generalized intergroup contact effects on prejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 173-185.
33. Pettigrew, T.F., & Meertens, R.W. (1995). Subtle and blatant prejudice in western Europe. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25, 57-75.
34. Pettigrew, T., & Tropp, L. (2000). Does intergroup contact reduce prejudice? Recent meta-analytic findings. In S. Oskamp (Ed.), Reducing prejudice and discrimination (pp. 93-114). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
35. Pettigrew, T., & Tropp. L. (2006). A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 751-783.
36. Schofield, J.W. (1995). Improving intergroup relations among students. In J. A. Banks & C. A. McGee Banks (Eds.), Handbook of research on multicultural education (pp. 635-646). New York: Macmillan.
37. Schofield, J.W., & Eurich-Fulcer, R. (2001). When and how school desegregation improves intergroup relations. In R. Brown & S. L. Gaertner (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Intergroup processes (pp. 475-494). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
38. Slavin, R.W., & Cooper, R. (2000). Improving intergroup relations: Lessons learned from cooperative learning programs. Journal of Social Issues, 55, 647-663.
39. Smetana, J.G. (1989). Adolescents' and parents' conceptions of parental authority and personal autonomy. Child Development, 65, 1147-1162.
40. Smetana, J.G. (2006). Social-cognitive domain theory: Consistencies and variations in children's moral and social judgments. In M. Killen & J. G. Smetana (Eds.), The handbook of moral development (pp. 119-154). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
41. Smetana, J.G., & Daddis, C. (2002). Domainspecific antecedents of psychological control and parental monitoring: The role of parenting beliefs and practices. Child Development, 73, 563-580.
42. Smetana, J.G., & Turiel, E. (2003). Morality during adolescence. In G. R. Adams & M. Berzonsky (Eds.), The Blackwell handbook of adolescence (pp. 247-268). Oxford: Blackwell.
43. Tropp, L., & Prenovost, M.A. (2008). The role of intergroup contact in predicting children's inter-ethnic attitudes: Evidence from meta-analytic and field studies. In S. Levy & M. Killen (Eds.), Intergroup attitudes and relations in childhood through adulthood: An integrative developmental and social psychological perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
44. Vaquera, E., & Kao, G. (2005). Private and public displays of affection among interracial and intraracial adolescent couples. Social Science Quarterly, 86(2), 484-508.
45. Wainryb, C., Shaw, L.A., Laupa, M., & Smith, K.R. (2001). Children's, adolescents', and young adults' thinking about different types of disagreements. Developmental Psychology, 37, 373-386.
46. Wittig, M.A., & Molina, L.E. (2000). Moderators and mediators of prejudice reduction in multicultural education. In S. Oskamp (Ed.), Reducing prejudice and discrimination (pp. 295-318). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
47. Yancey, G. (1998). Who interracially dates: An examination of the characteristics of those who have interracially dated. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 33(2): 179-190.