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1
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For the first example of oxygen-centered radical cyclizations, see: a
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For the first example of oxygen-centered radical cyclizations, see: (a) Surzur, J. M.; Bertrand, M. P.; Nougier, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1969, 48, 4197-4200.
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Surzur, J.M.1
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Nougier, R.3
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For recent reviews, see: b
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Hartung, J.1
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For a representative example of the use of oxygen-centered radicals for the formation of natural products, see: Hartung, J, Kneuer, R. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2003, 14, 3019-3031
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For a representative example of the use of oxygen-centered radicals for the formation of natural products, see: Hartung, J.; Kneuer, R. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2003, 14, 3019-3031.
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5
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For reviews on carbon-radical cyclizations, see: a
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For reviews on carbon-radical cyclizations, see: (a) Ramaiah, M. Tetrahedron 1987, 43, 3541-3676.
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Ramaiah, M.1
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0001216647
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Trost, B. M, Fleming, I, Eds, Pergarrion Press: Oxford, Chapter 4.1, pp
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(b) Curran, D. P. In Comprehensive Organic Synthesis; Trost, B. M., Fleming, I., Eds.; Pergarrion Press: Oxford, 1991; Vol. 4, Chapter 4.1, pp 715-777.
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Curran, D.P.1
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7
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Paquette, L. A, Ed, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York, Chapter 2, pp
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(c) Giese, B.; Kopping, B.; Göbel, T.; Dickhaut, J.; Thoma, G.; Kulicke, K. J.; Trach, F. In Organic Reactions; Paquette, L. A., Ed.; John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1996; Vol. 48, Chapter 2, pp 303-856.
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Giese, B.1
Kopping, B.2
Göbel, T.3
Dickhaut, J.4
Thoma, G.5
Kulicke, K.J.6
Trach, F.7
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8
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and references therein
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(d) Gans̈auer, A.; Bluhm, H. Chem. Rev. 2000, 100, 2771-2788, and references therein.
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Gans̈auer, A.1
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For reviews, see: a
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For reviews, see: (a) Curran, D. P. Synthesis 1988, 417-439.
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Curran, D.P.1
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and references therein
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(c) Jasperse, C. P.; Curran, D.; Fevig, T. L. Chem. Rev. 1991, 91, 1237-1286, and references therein.
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Jasperse, C.P.1
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Fevig, T.L.3
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0034066131
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For representative examples, see: a
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For representative examples, see: (a) Hartung, J.; Kneuer, R. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 1677-1683.
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(2000)
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Hartung, J.1
Kneuer, R.2
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0003833080
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(b) Hartung, J.; Kopf, T.M; Kneuer, R.; Schmidt, P. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Chem./Chem. 2001, 649-666.
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Hartung, J.1
Kopf, T.M.2
Kneuer, R.3
Schmidt, P.C.R.4
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15
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17844386379
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For representative examples of bioactive tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran-containing natural products with oxygenation alpha to the ring, see: Bermejo, A, Figadère, B, Zafra-Polo, M.-C, Barrachina, I, Estornell, E, Cortes, D. Nat. Prod. Rep. 2005, 22, 269-303
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For representative examples of bioactive tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran-containing natural products with oxygenation alpha to the ring, see: Bermejo, A.; Figadère, B.; Zafra-Polo, M.-C.; Barrachina, I.; Estornell, E.; Cortes, D. Nat. Prod. Rep. 2005, 22, 269-303.
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16
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33749180557
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Barton, D. H. R.; Beaton, J. M.; Geller, L. E.; Pechet, M. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1961, 83, 4076-4083.
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Barton, D.H.R.1
Beaton, J.M.2
Geller, L.E.3
Pechet, M.M.4
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17
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33947488256
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For representative examples, see: a
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For representative examples, see: (a) Walling, C.; Padwa, A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 1593-1597.
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J. Am. Chem. Soc
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Walling, C.1
Padwa, A.2
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18
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0038208388
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Boto, A.; Hernádez. D.; Suárez, Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 5310-5319.
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(b) Boto, A.; Hernádez. D.; Suárez, Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 5310-5319.
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19
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0003417469
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Trost, B. M, Fleming, I, Eds, Pergamon Press: Oxford, Chapter 4.2.5, pp
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Curran, D. P. In Comprehensive Organic Synthesis; Trost, B. M., Fleming, I., Eds.; Pergamon Press: Oxford, 1991; Vol. 4, Chapter 4.2.5, pp 811-814.
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Curran, D.P.1
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20
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3042622902
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For kinetic experiments demonstrating increased rates with increased alkyl substitution, see: a
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For kinetic experiments demonstrating increased rates with increased alkyl substitution, see: (a) Hartung, J.; Hiller, M.; Schmidt, P. Liebigs Ann. 1996, 1425-1436.
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(1996)
Liebigs Ann
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Hartung, J.1
Hiller, M.2
Schmidt, P.3
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(b) Härtung, J.; Kneuer, R.; Rummey, C.; Bringmann. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 12121-12129.
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Härtung, J.1
Kneuer, R.2
Rummey, C.3
Bringmann, G.4
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22
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0030980975
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To the best of our knowledge, there is only one example of the use of a silyl enol ether as an acceptor for an oxygen-centered radical cyclization. In the course of a study on β-fragmentations, there is one example of an oxygen-centered radical addition to a silyl enol ether in which the system is directed to cyclize onto the carbon α to the siloxy substituent. Kim, S.; Kim, K. H.; Cho, J. R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 3915-3918.
-
To the best of our knowledge, there is only one example of the use of a silyl enol ether as an acceptor for an oxygen-centered radical cyclization. In the course of a study on β-fragmentations, there is one example of an oxygen-centered radical addition to a silyl enol ether in which the system is directed to cyclize onto the carbon α to the siloxy substituent. Kim, S.; Kim, K. H.; Cho, J. R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1997, 38, 3915-3918.
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24
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0001112346
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(b) Okada, K.; Okamoto, K.; Oda, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 110, 8736-8738.
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J. Am. Chem. Soc
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Okada, K.1
Okamoto, K.2
Oda, M.3
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0032771203
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Hartung, J.; Kneuer, R.; Schwarz, M.; Svoboda, I; Fueb, H. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 97-106.
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(1999)
Eur. J. Org. Chem
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Hartung, J.1
Kneuer, R.2
Schwarz, M.3
Svoboda, I.4
Fueb, H.5
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29
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0000982459
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For the development of tris(trimethylsilyl)silane as a radical reducing agent, see: a
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For the development of tris(trimethylsilyl)silane as a radical reducing agent, see: (a) Chatgilialoglu, C.; Griller, D.; Lesage, M. J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 3641-3642.
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J. Org. Chem
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Chatgilialoglu, C.1
Griller, D.2
Lesage, M.3
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46049109074
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Chatgilialoglu, C. Chem.-Eur. J. 2008, 14, 2310-2320. For the use of tris(trimethylsilyl)silane in the generation of oxygen-centered radicals, see ref 13a
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(b) Chatgilialoglu, C. Chem.-Eur. J. 2008, 14, 2310-2320. For the use of tris(trimethylsilyl)silane in the generation of oxygen-centered radicals, see ref 13a.
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31
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0022711324
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For a review on the use of thiohydroxamic esters in carbon-radical cyclizations with concomitant sulfur trapping, see: Barton, D. H. R, Zard, S. Z. Pure Appl. Chem. 1986, 58, 675-684
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For a review on the use of thiohydroxamic esters in carbon-radical cyclizations with concomitant sulfur trapping, see: Barton, D. H. R.; Zard, S. Z. Pure Appl. Chem. 1986, 58, 675-684.
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32
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0028826606
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For a representative example of the use of N-alkoxypyridinethiones in oxygen-centered radical cyclizations with concomitant sulfur trapping. see: Hartung, J.; Gallou, F. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 6706-6716.
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For a representative example of the use of N-alkoxypyridinethiones in oxygen-centered radical cyclizations with concomitant sulfur trapping. see: Hartung, J.; Gallou, F. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 6706-6716.
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33
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60949103075
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Substrates 8a-h are Z-enriched. See the Supporting Information for E/Z ratios.
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Substrates 8a-h are Z-enriched. See the Supporting Information for E/Z ratios.
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34
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0000217511
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For representative diastereoselectivity studies, see: a
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For representative diastereoselectivity studies, see: (a) Hartung, J.; Hiller, M.; Schmidt, P. Chem.-Eur. J. 1996, 2, 1014-1023.
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(1996)
Chem.-Eur. J
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Hartung, J.1
Hiller, M.2
Schmidt, P.3
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35
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0242386424
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(b) Hartung, J.; Kneuer, R.; Laug, S.; Schmidt, P.; Spehar, K.; Svoboda, I.; Fuess, H. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 4033-4052.
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(2003)
Eur. J. Org. Chem
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Hartung, J.1
Kneuer, R.2
Laug, S.3
Schmidt, P.4
Spehar, K.5
Svoboda, I.6
Fuess, H.7
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36
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0030484783
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(c) Hartung, J.; Stowasser, R.; Vin, D.; Bringmann, G. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2820-2823.
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Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl
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Hartung, J.1
Stowasser, R.2
Vin, D.3
Bringmann, G.4
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37
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60949106532
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1H NMR mixtures. Therefore, it is still possible that they are present in <5% overall yield.
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1H NMR mixtures. Therefore, it is still possible that they are present in <5% overall yield.
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38
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60949089243
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The diastereoselectivity dropped to 88:12 when E-enriched silyl enol ether 8g was used.
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The diastereoselectivity dropped to 88:12 when E-enriched silyl enol ether 8g was used.
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39
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3042672829
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For representative examples of attempts to form tetrahydropyrans using 6-exo oxygen-centered radical cyclizations, see: (a) Hartung, J.; Gottwald, T. Tetrahedron Lett. 2004, 45, 5619-5621.
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For representative examples of attempts to form tetrahydropyrans using 6-exo oxygen-centered radical cyclizations, see: (a) Hartung, J.; Gottwald, T. Tetrahedron Lett. 2004, 45, 5619-5621.
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41
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2142680207
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(c) Bertrand, M. P.; Surzur, J. M.; Boyer, M.; Milhailović, M. L. Tetrahedron 1979, 35, 1365-1372.
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Tetrahedron
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Bertrand, M.P.1
Surzur, J.M.2
Boyer, M.3
Milhailović, M.L.4
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42
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60949112567
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Tetrahydropyrans can be formed in high yield from oxygen-centered radical 6-exo cyclizations when the allylic position is fully substituted and there are no allylic hydrogen atoms available for abstraction. For representative examples, see refs 10 and 23b
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Tetrahydropyrans can be formed in high yield from oxygen-centered radical 6-exo cyclizations when the allylic position is fully substituted and there are no allylic hydrogen atoms available for abstraction. For representative examples, see refs 10 and 23b
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