Osteoporotic fractures: A brain or bone disease?

Current Osteoporosis Reports

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 57-61

  Birge, Stanley J ^a  

^a WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGE; BODY POSTURE; BONE DENSITY; BONE DISEASE; BONE FRAGILITY; BRAIN DISEASE; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL FEATURE; DISABILITY; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; FRAGILITY FRACTURE; HUMAN; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM; OSTEOPOROSIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY; ARTICLE; BODY EQUILIBRIUM; FEMALE; FRACTURE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY;

CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; FEMALE; FRACTURES, BONE; HUMANS; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; OSTEOPOROSIS; POSTURAL BALANCE; RISK FACTORS; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY;

EID: 58149140358     PISSN: 15441873     EISSN: 15442241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11914-008-0010-z     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. Melton LJ 3rd, Lane AW, Cooper C, et al.: Prevalence and incidence of vertebral deformities. Osteoporos Int 1993, 3:113-119.
2. Lindsay R, Silverman SL, Cooper C, et al.: Risk of new vertebral fracture in the year following a fracture. JAMA 2001, 285:320-323.
3. Birge SJ, Morrow-Howell N, Proctor EK: Hip fracture. Clin Geriatr Med 1994, 10:589-609.
4. Chandler JM, Zimmerman SI, Girman CJ, et al.: Low bone mineral density and risk of fracture in white female nursing home residents. JAMA 2000, 284:972-977.
5. Siris ES, Miller PD, Barrett-Connor E, et al.: Identification and fracture outcomes of undiagnosed low bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: Results from the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment. JAMA 2001, 286:2815-2822.
6. Kuo HK, Lipsitz LA: Cerebral white matter changes and geriatric syndromes: Is there a link? J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2004, 59:818-826.
7. Naessen T, Lindmark B, Larsen HC: Hormone therapy and postural balance in elderly women. Menopause 2007, 14:1020-1024.
8. Zandi PP, Carlson MC, Plassman BL, et al.: Hormone replacement therapy and incidence of Alzheimer disease in older women: The Cache County Study. JAMA 2002, 288:2123-2129.
9. Shaw TG, Mortel KF, Meyer JS, et al.: Cerebral blood flow changes in benign aging and cerebrovascular disease. Neurology 1984, 34:855-862.
10. Schmidt R, Fazekas F, Reinhart B, et al.: Estrogen replacement therapy in older women: A neuropsychological and brain MRI study. J Am Geriatr Soc 1996, 44:1307-1313.
11. Robbins J, Aragaki AK, Kooperberg C, et al.: Factors associated with 5-year risk of hip fracture in postmenopausal women. JAMA 2007, 298:2389-2398.
12. Birge SJ: Osteoporosis and hip fracture. Clin Geriatr Med 1993, 9:69-86.
13. Cummings SR, Black DM, Rubin SM: Lifetime risks of hip, Colles', or vertebral fracture and coronary heart disease among white postmenopausal women. Arch Intern Med 1989, 149:2445-2448.
14. Melton LJ 3rd, KanASH, Wahner HW, Riggs BL: Lifetime fracture risk: an approach to hip fracture risk assessment based on bone mineral density and age. J Clin Epidemiol 1988, 41:985-994.
15. Yeudall LT, Reddon JR, Gill DM, Stefanyk WO: Normative data for the Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological tests stratified by age and sex. J Clin Psychol 1987, 43:346-367.
16. Junque C, Pujol J, Vendrell P, et al.: Leuko-araiosis on magnetic resonance imaging and speed of mental processing. Arch Neurol 1990, 47:151-156.
17. Ball LJ, Bisher GB, Birge SJ: A simple test of central processing speed: an extension of the Short Blessed Test. J Am Geriatr Soc 1999, 47:1359-1363.
18. Nevitt MC, Cummings SR, HudeA ES: Risk factors for injurious falls: a prospective study. J Gerontol 1991, 46:M164-M170.
19. Baloh RW, Ying SH, Jacobson KM: A longitudinal study of gait and balance dysfunction in normal older people. Arch Neurol 2003, 60:835-839.
20. FaulknerAKA, Redfern MS, Cauley JA, et al.: Multitasking: association between poorer performance and a history of recurrent falls. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007, 55:570-576.
21. Camicioli R, Moore MM, Sexton G, et al.: Age-related brain changes associated with motor function in healthy older people. J Am Geriatr Soc 1999, 47:330-334.
22. Verghese J, Lipton RB, Hall CB, et al.: Abnormality of gait as a predictor of non-Alzheimer's dementia. N Engl J Med 2002, 347:1761-1768.
23. Robinovitch SN, Hayes WC, McMahon TA: Prediction of femoral impact forces in falls on the hip. J Biomech Eng 1991, 113:366-374.
24. Michelon E, Blaum C, Semba RD, et al.: Vitamin and carotenoid status in older women: Associations with the frailty syndrome. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2006, 61:600-607.
25. Muller K, Haahr PM, Diamant M, et al.: 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits cytokine production by human blood monocytes at the post-transcriptional level. Cytokine 1992, 4:506-512.
26. Kiraly SJ, Kiraly MA, Hawe RD, Makhani N: Vitamin D as a neuroactive substance: Review. Scientific World Journal 2006, 6:125-139.
27. Wilkins CH, Sheline YI, Roe CM, et al.: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with low mood and worse cognitive performance in older adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2006, 14:1032-1040.
28. Boland R: Role of vitamin D in skeletal muscle function. Endocr Rev 1986, 7:434-448.
29. Nilsson K, Gustafson L, Hultberg B: Improvement of cognitive functions after cobalamin/folate supplementation in elderly patients with dementia and elevated plasma homocysteine. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2001, 16:609-614.
30. Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F, et al.: Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in the elderly women. N Engl J Med 1992, 327:1637-1642.
31. van Meurs JB, Dhonukshe-Rutten RA, Pluijm SM, et al.: Homocysteine levels and the risk of osteoporotic fracture. N Engl J Med 2004, 350:2033-2041.
32. Bischoff HA, Stahelin HB, Dick W, et al.: Effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on falls: A randomized controlled trial. J Bone Miner Res 2003, 18:343-351.
33. Sato Y, Honda Y, Iwamoto J, et al.: Effect of folate and mecobalamin on hip fractures in patients with stroke: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005, 293:1082-1088.
34. Liu-Ambrose T, Eng JJ, Khan KM, et al.: Older women with osteoporosis have increased postural sway and weaker quadriceps strength than counterparts with normal bone mass: Overlooked determinants of fracture risk? J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2003, 58:M862-M866.
35. Lui LY, Stone K, Cauley JA, et al.: Bone loss predicts subsequent cognitive decline in older women: The study of osteoporotic fractures. J Am Geriatr Soc 2003, 51:38-43.
36. Tan ZS, Seshadri S, Beiser A, et al.: Bone mineral density and the risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 2005, 62: 107-111.
37. Munir J, Birge SJ: Vitamin D deficiency in pre-and postmenopausal women. Menopausal Health 2008 (in press).
38. Parker MJ, Gillespie LD, Gillespie WJ: Hip protectors for preventing hip fractures in the elderly. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004, 3:CD001255.