메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 2-3, 2008, Pages 101-155

Australia's national environmental legislation and human/wildlife interactions

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION; LEGISLATIVE IMPLEMENTATION; NATIONAL PLANNING; NATURE-SOCIETY RELATIONS; WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT;

EID: 58049107391     PISSN: 13880292     EISSN: 15481476     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13880290802470141     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (144)
  • 1
    • 58049121447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deputy Secretary, Australian Government Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, GPO Box 787, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Telephone: +61 2 6274 1500, Fax: +61 2 6274 1552, E-mail: gerard.earlyεnvironment.gov.au. The article represents the views of the author and does not necessarily represent the views or policies of the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts or the Australian Government.
    • Deputy Secretary, Australian Government Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, GPO Box 787, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, Telephone: +61 2 6274 1500, Fax: +61 2 6274 1552, E-mail: gerard.earlyεnvironment.gov.au. The article represents the views of the author and does not necessarily represent the views or policies of the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts or the Australian Government.
  • 2
    • 58049092637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT ADVISORY COUNCIL, AUSTRALIA, STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT 1996 (1996) at 4-4.
    • STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT ADVISORY COUNCIL, AUSTRALIA, STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT 1996 (1996) at 4-4.
  • 3
    • 58049110017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) incorporated and replaced the following statutes: The Environment Protection (Impact of Proposals) Act 1974 (Cth); the Australian Heritage Commission Act 1975 (Cth), the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1975 (Cth); the Whale Protection Act 1980 (Cth); the Wildlife Protection (Regulation of Exports and Imports) Act 1982 (Cth); the World Heritage Properties Conservation Act 1983 (Cth); and the Endangered Species Protection Act 1992 (Cth). It is anticipated that other Australian legislation dealing with issues such as sea dumping and sea installations will also be incorporated into the framework legislation in the future.
    • The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) incorporated and replaced the following statutes: The Environment Protection (Impact of Proposals) Act 1974 (Cth); the Australian Heritage Commission Act 1975 (Cth), the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1975 (Cth); the Whale Protection Act 1980 (Cth); the Wildlife Protection (Regulation of Exports and Imports) Act 1982 (Cth); the World Heritage Properties Conservation Act 1983 (Cth); and the Endangered Species Protection Act 1992 (Cth). It is anticipated that other Australian legislation dealing with issues such as sea dumping and sea installations will also be incorporated into the framework legislation in the future.
  • 4
    • 58049117907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For a more detailed analysis of the Australian environmental law context, see DOUGLAS E. FISHER, AUSTRALIAN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW, Lawbook Company, Sydney (2003) or GERRY BATES, ENVIRONMENTAL LAW IN AUSTRALIA, Lexis Nexis, Sydney (2002).
    • For a more detailed analysis of the Australian environmental law context, see DOUGLAS E. FISHER, AUSTRALIAN ENVIRONMENTAL LAW, Lawbook Company, Sydney (2003) or GERRY BATES, ENVIRONMENTAL LAW IN AUSTRALIA, Lexis Nexis, Sydney (2002).
  • 5
    • 58049124507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Other significant Australian Government environmental legislation of the time, the, regulated the Australian Government's own actions or areas under its control
    • Other significant Australian Government environmental legislation of the time - the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1975 and the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act 1975 - regulated the Australian Government's own actions or areas under its control.
    • National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1975 and the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act 1975
  • 6
    • 58049085992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FISHER, supra note 4, at 89-90
    • FISHER, supra note 4, at 89-90.
  • 7
    • 58049084160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BATES, supra note 4, at 57
    • BATES, supra note 4, at 57.
  • 11
    • 58049112784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BATES, supra note 4, at 57
    • BATES, supra note 4, at 57.
  • 12
    • 58049107936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On 31 October 1990 at a Special Premiers' Conference in Brisbane, the PrimeMinister, the Premiers and Chief Ministers, and representatives of local government meeting agreed to work towards a cooperative national approach to the environment.
    • On 31 October 1990 at a Special Premiers' Conference in Brisbane, the PrimeMinister, the Premiers and Chief Ministers, and representatives of local government meeting agreed to work towards a cooperative national approach to the environment.
  • 13
    • 58049101930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA, INTER-GOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT ON THE ENVIRONMENT (1992).
    • COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA, INTER-GOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT ON THE ENVIRONMENT (1992).
  • 14
    • 58049128313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA, NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR ECOLOGICALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (1992).
    • COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA, NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR ECOLOGICALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (1992).
  • 15
    • 58049129396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENTS, MEETING COMMUNIQUE, CANBERRA, 7 NOVEMBER 1997 (1997).
    • COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENTS, MEETING COMMUNIQUE, CANBERRA, 7 NOVEMBER 1997 (1997).
  • 16
    • 58049130490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA, REFORM OF COMMONWEALTH ENVIRONMENT LEGISLATION CONSULTATION PAPER (1998).
    • COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA, REFORM OF COMMONWEALTH ENVIRONMENT LEGISLATION CONSULTATION PAPER (1998).
  • 17
    • 58049093464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Murray Hogarth, Greens see Red on Environment Bill, THE SYDNEYMORNING HERALD, 3 July 1998, at 1.
    • Murray Hogarth, Greens see Red on Environment Bill, THE SYDNEYMORNING HERALD, 3 July 1998, at 1.
  • 19
    • 0035657815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MICHAEL KENNEDY ET AL., Development and Implementation of Conservation Law in Australia, REVIEW OF EUROPEAN COMMUNITY AND INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 10 (3), 300, 301 (2001).
    • MICHAEL KENNEDY ET AL., Development and Implementation of Conservation Law in Australia, REVIEW OF EUROPEAN COMMUNITY AND INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 10 (3), 300, 301 (2001).
  • 20
    • 58049110271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ID AT 301
    • ID AT 301.
  • 21
    • 58049089341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GREENPEACE, 82 Reasons why the New Environment Legislation is Bad for the Environment, JOINT MEDIA RELEASE WITH THE AUSTRALIAN CONSERVATION FOUNDATION AND THE WILDERNESS SOCIETY, 20 JUNE 1999.
    • GREENPEACE, 82 Reasons why the New Environment Legislation is Bad for the Environment, JOINT MEDIA RELEASE WITH THE AUSTRALIAN CONSERVATION FOUNDATION AND THE WILDERNESS SOCIETY, 20 JUNE 1999.
  • 23
    • 58049090091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Section 3 of this article refers
    • Section 3 of this article refers.
  • 24
    • 58049119828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • This article was written and accepted for publication prior to the EPBC Act amendments coming into force. Revisions have been made to the paper to incorporate relevant amendments; however, readers wishing to understand the full extent of the amendments should consult Amendments to the EPBC Act and the EPBC Act Annual Report 2006-07 at
    • This article was written and accepted for publication prior to the EPBC Act amendments coming into force. Revisions have been made to the paper to incorporate relevant amendments; however, readers wishing to understand the full extent of the amendments should consult Amendments to the EPBC Act and the EPBC Act Annual Report 2006-07 at http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 25
    • 58049114408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australian Government, Minister for the Environment and Heritage, Media Release, Government to Strengthen Australia's Environment Law, C255/06, 12 October 2006.
    • Australian Government, Minister for the Environment and Heritage, Media Release, Government to Strengthen Australia's Environment Law, C255/06, 12 October 2006.
  • 29
    • 58049124766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advertisement, Another Environmental Solution from WWF
    • 3-4 July
    • Advertisement, Another Environmental Solution from WWF, THE WEEKEND AUSTRALIAN, 14(3-4 July 1999).
    • (1999) THE WEEKEND AUSTRALIAN , vol.14
  • 31
    • 58049086739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth), ss3(1)(d) to (g).
    • Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth), ss3(1)(d) to (g).
  • 34
    • 58049114407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat (February 2, 1971), 996 U.N.T.S. 245; T.I.A.S. 11084; 11 I.L.M. 963 (1972), amended by the Protocol of 3.12.1982 and amendments of 28.5.1987.
    • Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat (February 2, 1971), 996 U.N.T.S. 245; T.I.A.S. 11084; 11 I.L.M. 963 (1972), amended by the Protocol of 3.12.1982 and amendments of 28.5.1987.
  • 40
    • 58049107670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The assessment and approval provisions of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth), including obligations to refer actions, are set out in Chapter 4 of the Act.
    • The assessment and approval provisions of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth), including obligations to refer actions, are set out in Chapter 4 of the Act.
  • 44
    • 57349158244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Andrew Macintosh, Why the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act's Referral, Assessment and Approval Process is Failing to Achieve Its Environmental Objectives, 21 E.P.L.J. 305 (2004).
    • Andrew Macintosh, Why the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act's Referral, Assessment and Approval Process is Failing to Achieve Its Environmental Objectives, 21 E.P.L.J. 305 (2004).
  • 45
    • 58049131297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Section 2.1.5 of this paper refers
    • Section 2.1.5 of this paper refers.
  • 47
    • 58049104384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See also the Nathan Dam case - Minister for the Environment and Heritage v. Queensland Conservation Council Inc. [2004] F.C.A.F.C. 190. Section 4.2 of this article refers.
    • See also the Nathan Dam case - Minister for the Environment and Heritage v. Queensland Conservation Council Inc. [2004] F.C.A.F.C. 190. Section 4.2 of this article refers.
  • 48
    • 58049122201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See the Nathan Dam case - Minister for the Environment and Heritage v. Queensland Conservation Council Inc. [2004] F.C.A.F.C. 190. Section 4.2 of this article refers.
    • See the Nathan Dam case - Minister for the Environment and Heritage v. Queensland Conservation Council Inc. [2004] F.C.A.F.C. 190. Section 4.2 of this article refers.
  • 54
    • 58049113882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) s303FN(10A))
    • Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) s303FN(10A))
  • 55
    • 58049088292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Department of the Environment and Water Resources
    • Department of the Environment and Water Resources, Legislation Annual Reports 2006-07 23-25, (2007).
    • (2007) Legislation Annual Reports 2006-07 23-25
  • 56
    • 58049107168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 57
    • 58049092636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sophie Chapple, THE EPBC ACT: ONE YEAR LATER 3 (2001).
    • Sophie Chapple, THE EPBC ACT: ONE YEAR LATER 3 (2001).
  • 62
    • 58049114151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • id
    • id.
  • 75
    • 58049110016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Part 13 of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) sets out the provisions related to the listing and conservation of protected species and ecological communities, including permits and plans.
    • Part 13 of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) sets out the provisions related to the listing and conservation of protected species and ecological communities, including permits and plans.
  • 78
    • 58049091559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minister for the Environment and Heritage, Media Release
    • Australian Government, 13 October
    • Australian Government, Minister for the Environment and Heritage, Media Release, New Focus for Australia's Marine Planning Programme, C294/05 13 October 2005.
    • (2005) New Focus for Australia's Marine Planning Programme, C294/05
  • 79
    • 58049124201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • While not statutorily recognised under the EPBC Act, 54 regional plans have been developed and accredited as the basis for natural resource management funding from the Australian Government and state and territory governments under the Natural Heritage Trust of Australia Act 1997 (Cth) and under the National Action Plan for Salinity and Water Quality. The regional plans cover all environmental, social and economic impacts of natural resource decisions on a regional basis. They have been developed by local communities, based on catchments or bioregions, covering all of Australia
    • While not statutorily recognised under the EPBC Act, 54 regional plans have been developed and accredited as the basis for natural resource management funding from the Australian Government and state and territory governments under the Natural Heritage Trust of Australia Act 1997 (Cth) and under the National Action Plan for Salinity and Water Quality. The regional plans cover all environmental, social and economic impacts of natural resource decisions on a regional basis. They have been developed by local communities, based on catchments or bioregions, covering all of Australia.
  • 82
    • 58049089058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australian Government Department of the Environment and Heritage
    • Australian Government Department of the Environment and Heritage, Genetic Resources Management in Commonwealth Areas (2006).
    • (2006) Genetic Resources Management in Commonwealth Areas
  • 85
    • 58049107669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species ofWild Fauna and Flora,March 3,1973, 993 U.N.T.S. 243, 27 U.S.T. 1087, T.I.AS. 8249.
    • The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species ofWild Fauna and Flora,March 3,1973, 993 U.N.T.S. 243, 27 U.S.T. 1087, T.I.AS. 8249.
  • 86
    • 58049128312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Convention on Biological Diversity done at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, June 5, 1992, U.N. Doc. ST/DPI/1307, 31 I.L.M. 818 (1992).
    • The Convention on Biological Diversity done at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, June 5, 1992, U.N. Doc. ST/DPI/1307, 31 I.L.M. 818 (1992).
  • 93
    • 58049133432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australian Government, supra note 25
    • Australian Government, supra note 25.
  • 94
    • 58049106906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See also note 24
    • See also note 24.
  • 95
    • 68949134451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • These statistics about the operation of the EPBC Act and other statistics, information and case studies quoted in this article are provided from the records of the Australian Government Department of the Environment, Most of the information, together with other information on the EPBC Act and its implementation, is available on the website
    • These statistics about the operation of the EPBC Act and other statistics, information and case studies quoted in this article are provided from the records of the Australian Government Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. Most of the information, together with other information on the EPBC Act and its implementation, is available on the website: http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/ index.html.
    • Water, Heritage and the Arts
  • 96
    • 58049098451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paper prepared for the 2006 Australian State of the Environment Committee, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Canberra, at website at
    • Chris McGrath 2006, Review of the EPBC Act, Paper prepared for the 2006 Australian State of the Environment Committee, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Canberra, at website http://www.environment.gov.au/soe/2006/publications/emerging/epbc-act/ index.html at 8.
    • (2006) Review of the EPBC Act , pp. 8
    • McGrath, C.1
  • 98
    • 58049106486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australian National Audit Office, Performance Audit: Referrals, Assessments and Approvals under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, AUDIT REPORT NO. 38 (2003).
    • Australian National Audit Office, Performance Audit: Referrals, Assessments and Approvals under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, AUDIT REPORT NO. 38 (2003).
  • 100
    • 58049123666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judith Petts, Environmental Impact Assessment - Overview of Purpose and Process, in HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 1, 7 (Judith Petts ed.), (1999).
    • Judith Petts, Environmental Impact Assessment - Overview of Purpose and Process, in HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 1, 7 (Judith Petts ed.), (1999).
  • 101
    • 58049105436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lists established under the repealed Endangered Species Protection Act 1992 were transferred to the EPBC Act on its commencement.
    • The lists established under the repealed Endangered Species Protection Act 1992 were transferred to the EPBC Act on its commencement.
  • 105
    • 58049116208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Farmers' Federation, PressRelease, National Farmers' Federation, Canberra 31 October
    • National Farmers' Federation, PressRelease, CoalitionCommits to Fix Flawed EPBC Act, NR142/2001, National Farmers' Federation, Canberra (31 October 2001).
    • (2001) CoalitionCommits to Fix Flawed EPBC Act, NR142/2001
  • 106
    • 58049131559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nats deem Environment Act Intrusive
    • November
    • Lenore Taylor, Nats deem Environment Act Intrusive, The Australian Financial Review, 13 November 2004, 4 (2004).
    • (2004) The Australian Financial Review , vol.13 , pp. 4
    • Taylor, L.1
  • 107
    • 58049130088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One appellant continues to challenge all decisions under the EPBC Act related to management plans for kangaroos and wallabies despite all such appeals having so far being unsuccessful
    • One appellant continues to challenge all decisions under the EPBC Act related to management plans for kangaroos and wallabies despite all such appeals having so far being unsuccessful.
  • 108
    • 58049129394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Booth v. Bosworth [2001] 114 FCR 39.
    • (2001) , vol.FCR 39 , Issue.114
    • Bosworth, B.V.1
  • 109
    • 58049108987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the referral, assessment and rejection for this action can be found under Reference Number 2002/571 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
    • Details of the referral, assessment and rejection for this action can be found under Reference Number 2002/571 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 110
    • 84871566754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chris McGrath, Key Concepts of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth), 22 E.P.L.J. 20, 38 (2005).
    • Chris McGrath, Key Concepts of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth), 22 E.P.L.J. 20, 38 (2005).
  • 111
    • 58049096686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humane Society International Inc. v. Minister for the Environment & Heritage [2003] F.C.A. 64.
    • Humane Society International Inc. v. Minister for the Environment & Heritage [2003] F.C.A. 64.
  • 112
    • 58049110683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Queensland ConservationCouncil Inc. v. Minister for the Environment and Heritage [2003] F.C.A.1463.
    • Queensland ConservationCouncil Inc. v. Minister for the Environment and Heritage [2003] F.C.A.1463.
  • 113
    • 58049098992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of this decision and subsequent decisions after the Court cases can be found under Reference Number 2002/770 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website
    • Details of this decision and subsequent decisions after the Court cases can be found under Reference Number 2002/770 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/ index.html.
  • 114
    • 58049096437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minister for the Environment and Heritage v. Queensland Conservation Council Inc. [2004] F.C.A.F.C. 190.
    • Minister for the Environment and Heritage v. Queensland Conservation Council Inc. [2004] F.C.A.F.C. 190.
  • 116
    • 58049102735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minister for the Environment and Heritage v. Greentree (No. 3) [2004] F.C.A. 1317 with appeal decision to the full bench at Greentree v. Minister for the Environment and Heritage [2005] F.C.A.F.C. 128.
    • Minister for the Environment and Heritage v. Greentree (No. 3) [2004] F.C.A. 1317 with appeal decision to the full bench at Greentree v. Minister for the Environment and Heritage [2005] F.C.A.F.C. 128.
  • 117
    • 58049132390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Editorial commentary 22 E.P.L.J. (2005) at 1.
    • Editorial commentary 22 E.P.L.J. (2005) at 1.
  • 118
    • 58049132925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the referral, assessment and approval decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2002/565 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
    • Details of the referral, assessment and approval decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2002/565 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 119
    • 58049092635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • McGrath, supra note 108, at 20-22
    • McGrath, supra note 108, at 20-22.
  • 120
    • 58049107434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the referral decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2003/1244 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
    • Details of the referral decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2003/1244 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 121
    • 58049114676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the referral decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2005/2001 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
    • Details of the referral decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2005/2001 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 122
    • 58049101142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the referral, assessment and approval decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2001/174 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
    • Details of the referral, assessment and approval decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2001/174 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 123
    • 58049131560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the referral, assessment and approval decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2003/1106 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
    • Details of the referral, assessment and approval decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2003/1106 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 124
    • 58049093777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the referral, assessment and approval decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2002/629 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
    • Details of the referral, assessment and approval decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2002/629 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 125
    • 58049094044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the referral for this action can be found under Reference Number 2003/962 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
    • Details of the referral for this action can be found under Reference Number 2003/962 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 126
    • 58049100533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the referral decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2003/930 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
    • Details of the referral decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2003/930 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 127
    • 58049128577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the referral, assessment and the approval decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2004/1820 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
    • Details of the referral, assessment and the approval decision for this action can be found under Reference Number 2004/1820 at the Public Notifications page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/index.html.
  • 128
    • 58049120389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological community" is defined in the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) as "the extent in nature in the Australian jurisdiction of an assemblage of native species that inhabits a particular area in nature
    • S528
    • "Ecological community" is defined in the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth) as "the extent in nature in the Australian jurisdiction of an assemblage of native species that inhabits a particular area in nature" (S528).
  • 129
    • 58049122200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hornsby Shire Council v. Vitone Developments Pty Limited [2003], NSWLEC 272 at 37.
    • Hornsby Shire Council v. Vitone Developments Pty Limited [2003], NSWLEC 272 at 37.
  • 130
    • 62549097053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See also Brian J. Preston SC and Paul Adam, Describing and Listing Threatened Ecological Communities under the Threatened Species Conservation Act (NSW), 21 E.P.L.J. 250 and 372, Lawbook Company, Sydney (2004).
    • See also Brian J. Preston SC and Paul Adam, Describing and Listing Threatened Ecological Communities under the Threatened Species Conservation Act (NSW), 21 E.P.L.J. 250 and 372, Lawbook Company, Sydney (2004).
  • 131
    • 62549097053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brian J. Preston SC and Paul Adam, Describing and Listing Threatened Ecological Communities under the Threatened Species Conservation Act (NSW), 21 E.P.L.J. 372, 389, Lawbook Company, Sydney (2004).
    • Brian J. Preston SC and Paul Adam, Describing and Listing Threatened Ecological Communities under the Threatened Species Conservation Act (NSW), 21 E.P.L.J. 372, 389, Lawbook Company, Sydney (2004).
  • 132
    • 58049127907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australia's Productivity Commission examined this issue during an inquiry in 2004 and found the actual and perceived impacts of the EPBC Act on landholders appear to differ markedly. In terms of preventing activities, or of requiring activities to undergo the assessment and approval process, the EPBC Act to date has had little direct impact on the agricultural sector. However, uncertainty about its potential future impacts has been a concern for some landholders.
    • Australia's Productivity Commission examined this issue during an inquiry in 2004 and found the "actual and perceived impacts of the EPBC Act on landholders appear to differ markedly. In terms of preventing activities, or of requiring activities to undergo the assessment and approval process, the EPBC Act to date has had little direct impact on the agricultural sector. However, uncertainty about its potential future impacts has been a concern for some landholders."
  • 136
    • 58049094611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the strategic assessment for this fishery can be found under at the Strategic Assessment Notices page of the EPBC Act website
    • Details of the strategic assessment for this fishery can be found under at the Strategic Assessment Notices page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/notices/strategic.html.
  • 137
    • 58049085442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minister for the Environment and HeritageMinister for Fisheries, Forestry and Conservation, Joint Media Release
    • Australian Government, 23 November
    • Australian Government,Minister for the Environment and HeritageMinister for Fisheries, Forestry and Conservation, Joint Media Release, Government Acts for a Sustainable Future (23 November 2005).
    • (2005) Government Acts for a Sustainable Future
  • 138
    • 58049083382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Details of the strategic assessment for this fishery can be found under at the Strategic Assessment Notices page of the EPBC Act website
    • Details of the strategic assessment for this fishery can be found under at the Strategic Assessment Notices page of the EPBC Act website http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/notices/strategic.html.
  • 141
    • 58049114149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Garrett and Kobelke, supra, note 95.
    • Garrett and Kobelke, supra, note 95.
  • 142
    • 58049097699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australian Government, supra note 101
    • Australian Government, supra note 101.
  • 143
    • 58049106724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Petts, supra note 98, at 7
    • Petts, supra note 98, at 7.
  • 144
    • 58049122625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • McGrath supra note 94 at 17
    • McGrath supra note 94 at 17.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.