Impact of metabolic syndrome's components on the development of cardiovascular disease in a Jordanian cohort with metabolic syndrome

Saudi Medical Journal

Volumn 29, Issue 9, 2008, Pages 1299-1305

  Haddad, Fares H ^a   Mahafza, Shaher M ^b  

^a KING HUSSEIN MEDICAL CENTER   (Jordan)

^b Prince Rashid Hospital   (Jordan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLUCOSE; LIPID; LIPOPROTEIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; DIET RESTRICTION; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; JORDAN; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; LIPOPROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; PREDICTION; PREVALENCE; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEX DIFFERENCE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DIABETES COMPLICATIONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; JORDAN; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MIDDLE AGED; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; SEX FACTORS; STROKE;

EID: 58049099189     PISSN: 03795284     EISSN: 16583175     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Vega GL, Obesity, the metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Am Heart J 2001; 142: 1108-1116.
2. Reaven GM. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 1988; 37: 1595-1607.
3. Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. For the WHO Consultation: Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part I: Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus, provisional report of a WHO Consultation. Diabet Med 1988; 15: 539-553.
4. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP III) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001; 285: 2486-247.
5. Ford GS, Giles WH, Dietz WH. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 2002; 287: 356-359.
6. Cameron AJ, Shaw JE, Zimmet PZ. The metabolic syndrome: Prevalence in worldwide populations. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am 2004; 33: 351-355.
7. Gogia A, Agarwal PK. Metabolic syndrome. Indian J Med Sci 2006; 60: 72-81.
8. Tillin T, Forouhi N, Johnston DG, McKeigue PM, Chaturvedi N, Godsland IF. Metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease in South Asians, African-Caribbean and white Europeans: A UK population-based cross-sectional study. Diabetologia 2005; 48: 649-656.
9. Hu G, Qiao Q, Tuomilehto J, Balkau B, Borch-Johnsen K, Pyorala K. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its relation to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in nondiabetic European men and women. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164: 1066-1076.
10. Harzallah F, Alberti H, Ben Khalifa F. The metabolic syndrome in an Arab population: A first look at the new International Diabetes Federation criteria. Diabet Med 2006; 23: 441-444.
11. Jaber LA, Brown MB, Hammad A, Zhu Q, Herman WH. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among Arab Americans. Diabetes Care 2004; 27: 234-238.
12. Abdul-Ghani MA, Sabbah M, Muati B, Dakwar N, Kashkosh H, Minuchin O, et al. High frequency of pre-diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes and metabolic syndrome among overweight Arabs in Israel. Isr Med Assoc J 2005; 7: 143-147.
13. Al-Nozha MM, Al-Khadra A, Arafah MR, Al-Maatouq MA, Khalil MZ, Khan NB, et al. Metabolic syndrome in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2005; 26: 1918-1925.
14. Abdul-Rahim HF, Husseini A, Bjertness E, Giacaman R, Gordon NH, Jervell J. The Metabolic Syndrome in the West Bank Population. Diabetes Care 2001; 24: 275-279.
15. Khazaleh NS, Haddad FH. Prevalence and characteristics of metabolic syndrome in 111 Royal Jordanian Air Force pilots. Aviat Space Environ Med 2007; 78: 968-972.
16. Khader Y, Bateiha A, El-Khateeb M, Al-Shaikh A, Ajlouni K. High prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among northern Jordanians. Diabetes Complications 2007; 21: 214-219.
17. Mahafza S, Khazaalah N, Wraikat A, Shawaghfeh Z, Khawaldeh A, Haddad FH. Metabolic syndrome in a Jordanian cohort; demography, complications and predictors of cardiovascular disease. Journal of The Royal Medical Services In press 2007.
18. Marroquin OC, Kip KE, Kelley DE, Johnson BD, Shaw LJ, Bairey Merz CN, et al. Metabolic syndrome modifies the cardiovascular risk associated with angiographic coronary artery disease in women: A report from the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation. Circulation 2004; 109: 714-721.
19. Ford ES. The metabolic syndrome and mortality from cardiovascular disease and all-causes: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey II Mortality Study. Atherosclerosis 2004; 173: 309-314.
20. Isomaa B, Almgren P, Tuomi T, Forsen B, Lahti K, Nissen M, et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care 2001; 24: 683-689.
21. Resnick HE, Jones K, Ruotolo G, Jain AK, Henderson J, Lu W, et al. Insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome, and risk of incident cardiovascular disease in nondiabetic Am Indians: The STRONG Heart Study. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 861-867.
22. Lakka HM, Laaksonen DE, Lakka TA, Niskanen LK, Kumpusalo E, Tuomilehto J, et al. The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA 2002; 288: 2709-2716.
23. Klein BE, Klein R, Lee KE. Components of the metabolic syndrome and risk of cardiovascular disease diabetes in Beaver Dam. Diabetes Care 2002; 25: 1790-1794.
24. Malik S, Wong ND, Franklin SS, Kamath TV, L'Italien GJ, Pio JR, et al. Impact of the metabolic syndrome on mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in United States adults. Circulation 2004; 110: 1245-1250.
25. Oda E, Abe M, Kato K, Watanabe K, Veeraveedu PT, Aizawa Y. Gender differences in correlations among cardiovascular risk factors. Gend Med 2006; 3: 196-205.
26. Ajlouni K, Jaddou H, Batieha A. Obesity in Jordan. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1998; 22: 624-628.
27. Assessing risk factors for chronic disease--Jordan, 2004. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2006; 55: 653-655.
28. Pannier B, Thomas F, Eschwège E, Bean K, Benetos A, Leocmach Y, et al. Cardiovascular risk markers associated with the metabolic syndrome in a large French population: The "SYMFONIE" study. Diabetes Metab 2006; 32 (5 Pt 1): 467-474.
29. Boden-Albala B, Sacco RL, Lee HS, Grahame-Clarke C, Rundek T, Elkind MV, et al. Metabolic syndrome and ischemic stroke risk: Northern Manhattan Study. Stroke 2008; 39: 30-35.
30. Sattar N, McConnachie A, Shaper AG, Blauw GJ, Buckley BM, de Craen AJ, et al. Can metabolic syndrome usefully predict cardiovascular disease and diabetes? Outcome data from two prospective studies. Lancet 2008; 371: 1827-1835.
31. Kahn R. Metabolic syndrome-what is the clinical usefulness? Lancet 2008; 371: 1892-1893.