CFD modeling of radial spreading of flow in trickle-bed reactors due to mechanical and capillary dispersion

Chemical Engineering Science

Volumn 64, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 207-218

  Lappalainen, Katja ^a   Manninen, Mikko ^b   Alopaeus, Ville ^a  

^a AALTO UNIVERSITY   (Finland)

^b VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND   (Finland)

Author keywords

CFD modeling; Hydrodynamics; Liquid dispersion; Multiphase flow; Packed bed; Porous media

Indexed keywords

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING; DIAGNOSTIC RADIOGRAPHY; DISPERSION (WAVES); ENGINEERING RESEARCH; EXPERIMENTS; FLOW SIMULATION; GAMMA RAYS; HYDRODYNAMICS; MECHANISMS; MEDICAL IMAGING; MULTIPHASE FLOW; PACKED BEDS; PARTICLE SIZE; POROSITY; POROUS MATERIALS; TOMOGRAPHY;

BED POROSITIES; CFD MODELING; CFD SIMULATIONS; DISPERSION MECHANISMS; DISPERSION PROFILES; EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES; FLOW BEHAVIORS; GAMMA-RAY; HYDRODYNAMIC MODELS; LIQUID DISPERSION; LIQUID DISTRIBUTIONS; LIQUID FLOWS; LIQUID SPREADING; MECHANICAL DISPERSIONS; PACKED-BED; PARTICLE DIAMETERS; PARTICLE SIZE RANGES; POINT SOURCES; POROSITY PROFILES; POROUS MEDIA; RADIAL SPREADING; RANDOM VARIATIONS; SAMPLE SIZES; SIGNIFICANT IMPACTS; SIMULATION RESULTS; STANDARD DEVIATIONS; TRICKLE-BED REACTORS;

FLUID DYNAMICS;

EID: 57649149864     PISSN: 00092509     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2008.10.009     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Al-Dahhan M.H., and Duduković M.P. Catalyst bed dilution for improving catalyst wetting in laboratory trickle-bed reactors. A.I.Ch.E. Journal 42 (1996) 2594-2606
2. Al-Dahhan M.H., Larachi F., Duduković M.P., and Laurent A. High-pressure trickle-bed reactors: a review. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 36 (1997) 3292-3314
3. Alopaeus V., Hynynen K., Aittamaa J., and Manninen M. Modeling of gas-liquid packed-bed reactor with momentum equations and local interactions closures. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 45 (2006) 8189-8198
4. Atta A., Roy S., and Nigam K.D.P. Investigation of liquid maldistribution in trickle-bed reactors using porous media concept in CFD. Chemical Engineering Science 62 (2007) 7033-7044
5. Attou A., and Ferschneider G. A two-fluid hydrodynamic model for the transition between trickle and pulse flow in a cocurrent gas-liquid packed-bed reactor. Chemical Engineering Science 55 (2000) 491-511
6. Attou A., Boyer C., and Ferschneider G. Modelling of the hydrodynamics of the cocurrent gas-liquid trickle flow through trickle-bed reactor. Chemical Engineering Science 54 (1999) 785-802
7. Baldi G., and Specchia V. Distribution and radial spread of liquid in packed towers with two-phase cocurrent flow: effect of packing shape and size. Quaderni dell'Ingegnere Chimico Italiano 12 (1976) 107-111
8. Bear J. Hydraulics of Groundwater (1979), McGraw-Hill
9. Bey O., and Eigenberger G. Fluid flow through catalyst filled tubes. Chemical Engineering Science 52 (1997) 1365-1376
10. Borkink J.G.H., van de Watering C.G., and Westerterp K.R. The statistical character of bed-scale effective heat transfer coefficient for packed-beds. Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, Part A 70 (1992) 610-619
11. Boyer C., Koudil A., Chen P., and Duduković M.P. Study of liquid spreading from a point source in trickle-bed via gamma-ray tomography and CFD simulation. Chemical Engineering Science 60 (2005) 6279-6288
12. Cihla Z., and Schmidt O. Studies of the behaviour of liquids when freely trickling over the packing of a cylindrical tower. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 23 (1958) 569-577
13. Coelho M.A.N., and Guedes de Carvalho J.R.F. Transverse dispersion in granular beds. Part I. Mass transfer from a wall and the dispersion coefficient in packed beds. Chemical Engineering Research and Design 66 (1988) 165-177
14. Cohen Y., and Metzner A.B. Wall effects in laminar flow of fluids through packed beds. A.I.Ch.E. Journal 27 (1981) 705-715
15. Dallavalle J.M. Micromeritics: The Technology of Fine Particles (1948), Pitman Publishing Corporation, New York
16. Dodds J.A., and Srivastava P. Capillary pressure curves of sphere packings: correlation of experimental results and comparison with predictions from a network model for pore space. Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 23 (2006) 29-39
17. Dullien F.A.L. Porous Media: Fluid Transport and Pore Structure (1992), Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, California
18. Fourar M., Lenormand R., and Larachi F. Extending the F-function concept to two-phase flow in trickle-beds. Chemical Engineering Science 56 (2001) 5987-5994
19. Fredlund D.G., and Xing A. Equations for the soil-water characteristics curve. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 31 (1994) 521-532
20. Gardner W., and Gardner J.H. The liquid-vapor interface in the ideal soil. Soil Science 76 (1953) 135-142
21. Grosser K., Carbonell R.G., and Sundaresan S. Onset of pulsing in two-phase cocurrent downflow through a packed bed. A.I.Ch.E. Journal 34 (1988) 1850-1860
22. Guedes de Carvalho J.R.F., and Delgado J.M.P.Q. Overall map and correlation of dispersion data for flow through granular packed beds. Chemical Engineering Science 60 (2005) 365-375
23. Gunjal P.R., and Ranade V.V. Modeling of laboratory and commercial scale hydro-processing reactors using CFD. Chemical Engineering Science 62 (2007) 5512-5526
24. Gunjal P.R., Ranade V.V., and Chaudhari R.V. Liquid distribution and RTD in trickle-bed reactors: experiments and CFD simulations. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 81 (2003) 821-830
25. Gunjal P.R., Ranade V.V., and Chaudhari R.V. Experimental and computational study of liquid drop over flat and spherical surfaces. Catalysis Today 79-80 (2003) 267-273
26. Gunjal P.R., Kashid M.N., Ranade V.V., and Chaudhari R.V. hydrodynamics of trickle-bed reactors: experiments and CFD modeling. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 44 (2005) 6278-6294
27. Gunn D.J. Axial and radial dispersion in fixed beds. Chemical Engineering Science 42 (1987) 363-373
28. Gvirtzman H., and Roberts P.V. Pore space spatial analysis of two immiscible fluids in porous media. Water Resources Research 27 (1991) 1165-1176
29. Herskowitz M., and Smith J.M. Liquid distribution in trickle-bed reactors. A.I.Ch.E. Journal 24 (1978) 439-454
30. Hoek P.J., Wesselingh J.A., and Zuiderweg F.J. Small scale and large scale liquid maldistribution in packed columns. Chemical Engineering Research and Design 64 (1986) 431-449
31. Holub, R.A., 1990. Hydrodynamics of trickle-bed reactors. D.Sc. Thesis. Washington University, St. Louis, MO.
32. Holub R.A., Duduković M.P., and Ramachandran P.A. Phenomenological model for pressure drop, liquid holdup, and flow regime transition in gas liquid trickle flow. Chemical Engineering Science 47 (1992) 2343-2348
33. Iliuta I., Larachi F., and Al-Dahhan M.H. Multiple-zone model for partially wetted trickle flow hydrodynamics. Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, Part A (2000) 982-990
34. Jiang Y., Khadilkas M.R., Al-Dahhan M.H., and Duduković M.P. Two-phase flow distribution in 2D trickle-bed reactors. Chemical Engineering Science 54 (1999) 2409-2419
35. Jiang Y., Khadilkar M.R., Al-Dahhan M.H., and Duduković M.P. CFD of multiphase flow in packed-bed reactors: I. k-Fluid modeling issues. A.I.Ch.E. Journal 48 (2002) 701-715
36. Kolomazni{dotless}k K., Soukop J., Prchli{dotless}k J., Zapletal V., and Růžička V. Experimental determination of the spreading coefficient. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 39 (1974) 216-219
37. Lappalainen K., Alopaeus V., Manninen M., and Aittamaa J. Improved hydrodynamic model for wetting efficiency, pressure drop, and liquid holdup in trickle-bed reactors. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 47 (2008) 8436-8444
38. Lappalainen, K., Manninen, M., Alopaeus, V., Aittamaa, J., Dodds, J., 2008b. An analytical model for capillary pressure-saturation relation for gas-liquid system in a packed-bed of spherical particles. Transport in Porous Media, published online, doi:10.1007/s11242-008-9259-z.
39. Laroussi C., and DeBacker L.W. Relations between geometrical properties of glass beads media and their main ψ(θ) hysteresis loops. Soil Science Society of America Journal 43 (1979) 646-650
40. Leverett M.C. Capillary behaviour in porous solids. AIME Transactions 142 (1941) 152-168
41. Likos W.J., and Lu N. Hysteresis of capillary stress in unsaturated granulated soil. The Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE 130 (2004) 646-655
42. Lin S.-Y., Chang H.-C., Lin L.-W., and Huang P.-Y. Measurement of dynamic/advancing/receding contact angle by video-enhanced sessile drop tensiometry. Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996) 2852-2858
43. Lutran P.G., Ng K.M., and Delikat E.P. Liquid distribution in trickle beds. An experimental study using computer-assisted tomography. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 30 (1991) 1270-1280
44. Macdonald I.F., El-Sayed M.S., Mow K., and Dullien F.A.L. Flow through porous media-the Ergun equation revisited. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals 18 (1979) 199-208
45. Marchot P., Toye D., Crine M., Pelsser A.-M., and l'Homme G. Investigation of liquid maldistribution in packed columns by X-ray tomography. Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, Part A 77 (1999) 511-518
46. Mayer R.P., and Stowe R.A. Mercury porosimetry: filling of tortoidal void volume following breakthrough between packed spheres. Journal of Physical Chemistry 70 (1966) 3867-3873
47. Møller L.B., Halken C., Hansen J.A., and Bartholdy J. Liquid and gas distribution in trickle-bed reactors. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 35 (1996) 926-930
48. Moseley W.A., and Dhir V.K. Capillary pressure-saturation relations in porous media including the effect of wettability. Journal of Hydrology 178 (1996) 33-53
49. Mueller G.E. Prediction of radial porosity distribution in randomly packed fixed beds of uniformly sized spheres in cylindrical containers. Chemical Engineering Science 46 (1991) 706-708
50. Narasimhan C.S.I., Verma R.P., Kundu A., and Nigam K.D.P. Modeling hydrodynamics of trickle-bed reactors at high pressure. A.I.Ch.E. Journal 48 (2002) 2459-2474
51. Oh W.-S., Shen C., Alegre B., and Anusavice K.J. Wetting characteristics of ceramic to water and adhesive resin. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 88 (2002) 616-621
52. Onda K., Takeuchi H., Maeda Y., and Takeuchi N. Liquid distribution in a packed column. Chemical Engineering Science 28 (1973) 1677-1683
53. Porter K.E., Barnett V.D., and Templeman J.J. Liquid flow in packed columns. Part II: the spread of liquid over random packings. Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers 46 (1968) T74-T85
54. Potucek F. Washing of pulp fibre bed. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 62 (1997) 626-644
55. Prchlík J., Soukup J., Zapletal V., and Růžička V. Liquid distribution in reactors with randomly packed porous beds. Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 40 (1975) 845-855
56. Ravindra P.V., Rao D.P., and Rao M.S. Liquid flow texture in trickle-bed reactors: an experimental study. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 36 (1997) 5133-5145
57. Rose W. Volumes and surface areas of pendular rings. Journal of Applied Physics 29 (1958) 691-987
58. Sáez A.E., and Carbonell R.G. Hydrodynamic parameters for gas-liquid cocurrent flow in packed beds. A.I.Ch.E. Journal 31 (1985) 52-62
59. Sahimi M., Hughes B.D., Scriven L.E., and Davis H.T. Dispersion in flow through porous media-I. One-phase flow. Chemical Engineering Science 41 (1986) 2103-2122
60. Saroha A.K., Nigam K.D.P., Saxena A.K., and Kapoor V.K. Liquid distribution in trickle-bed reactors. A.I.Ch.E. Journal 44 (1998) 2044-2052
61. Schnitzlein K. Modeling radial dispersion in terms of the local structure of packed beds. Chemical Engineering Science 56 (2001) 579-585
62. Specchia V., Rossini A., and Baldi G. Distribution and radial spread of liquid in two-phase concurrent flows in a packed bed. Quaderni dell'Ingegnere Chimico Italiano 10 (1974) 171-176
63. Sun C.G., Yin F.H., Afacan A., Nandakumar K., and Chuang K.T. Modelling and simulation of flow maldistribution in random packed columns with gas-liquid countercurrent flow. Chemical Engineering Research and Design 78 (2000) 378-388
64. Tung V.X., and Dhir V.K. A hydrodynamic model for two-phase flow through porous media. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 14 (1988) 47-65
65. Urso M.E.D., Lawrence C.J., and Adams M.J. Pendular, funicular, and capillary bridges: results for two dimensions. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 220 (1999) 42-56
66. Westerterp K.R., and Wammes W.J.A. Three-phase trickle-bed reactors. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (2005), Viley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
67. Yin F.H., Afacan A., Nandakumar K., and Chuang K.T. CFD simulation and experimental study of liquid dispersion in randomly packed metal pall rings. Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, Part A 80 (2002) 135-144