Lead in housing paints: An exposure source still not taken seriously for children lead poisoning in China

Environmental Research

Volumn 109, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 1-5

  Lin, G Z ^a   Peng, R F ^b   Chen, Q ^c   Wu, Z G ^a   Du, L ^a  

^a GUANGZHOU CENTER FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (China)

^b Guangzhou Hygienic Examination Center   (China)

^c SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Childhood lead poisoning; Environment; Housing; Lead based paint; Survey

Indexed keywords

GASOLINE; LEAD; PAINT;

BLOOD; CHILD HEALTH; GOVERNANCE APPROACH; HEALTH SURVEY; LAW ENFORCEMENT; LEAD; POLLUTION EXPOSURE; REGULATORY APPROACH;

ARTICLE; ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY; CHEMICAL INDUSTRY; CHI SQUARE TEST; CHINA; HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; LEAD POISONING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANK SUM TEST;

CHILD; CHINA; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; HOUSING; HUMANS; LEAD; LEAD POISONING; PAINT; SOLUBILITY;

ASIA; CHINA; EURASIA; FAR EAST;

EID: 57649149292     PISSN: 00139351     EISSN: 10960953     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2008.09.003     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. ASTM E1645-01, 2001. Standard practice for preparation of paint samples by hotplate or microwave digestion for subsequent lead analysis. West Conshohocken, PA.
2. Clark C.S., Rampal K.G., Thuppil V., Chen C.K., Clark R., and Roda S. The lead content of currently available new residential paint in several Asia countries. Environ. Res. 102 (2006) 9-12
3. Falk H. International environmental health for the pediatrician: case study of lead poisoning. Pediatrics 112 (2003) 259-264
4. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China. (GAQSC) GB6675. National Safety Technical Code for Toys (2003), Chinese Standard Publishing House, Beijing
5. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China. (GAQSC) GB18581. Indoor Decorating and Refurbishing Materials-Limit of Harmful Substances of Solvent Coatings for Wooden Ware (2001), Chinese Standard Publish House, Beijing
6. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China. (GAQSC) GB18582. Indoor Decorating and Refurbishing Materials-Limit of Harmful Substances of Interior Architectural Coatings (2001), Chinese Standard Publishing House, Beijing
7. Huo X., Peng L., Xu X., Zheng L., Qiu B., Qi Z., Zhang B., Han D., and Piao Z. Elevated blood lead levels of children in Guiyu, an electronic waste recycling town in China. Environ. Health Perspect. 115 7 (2007) 1113-1117
8. ISO 6713, 1984. Paints and varnishes-Preparation of acid extracts from paints in liquid or powder form. Switzerland.
9. ISO3856/1, 1984. Determination of lead content-Flame atomic absorption spectrometric method and dithizone spectrophotometric method. Switzerland.
10. Lanphear B.P., and Roghmann K.J. Pathways of lead exposure in urban children. Environ. Res. 74 1 (1997) 67-73
11. Lanphear B.P., Matte T.D., Rogers J., Clickner R.P., Dietz B., Bornschein R.L., Succop P., Mahaffey K.R., Dixon S., Galke W., Rabinowitz M., Farfel M., Rohde C., Schwartz J., Ashley P., and Jacobs D.E. The contribution of lead-contaminated house dust and residential soil to children's blood lead levels: a pooled analysis of 12 epidemiological studies. Environ. Res. 79 (1998) 51-68
12. Meyer P.A., McGeehin M.A., and Falk H. A global approach to childhood lead poisoning prevention. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 206 (2003) 363-369
13. McElvaine M.D., DeUngria E.G., Matte T.D., Copley C.G., and Binder S. Prevalence of radiographic evidence of paint chip ingestion among children with moderate to severe lead poisoning, St Louis, Missouri, 1989-1990. Pediatrics 89 (1992) 740-742
14. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 2005. Blood lead levels-United States, 1999-2002. vol. 54, No. 20, pp. 513-516.
15. Saegert S.C., Klitzman S., Freudenberg N., Cooperman-Mroczek J., and Nassar S. Healthy housing: a structured review of published evaluations of US interventions to improve health by modifying housing in the United States, 1990-2001. Am J. Public Health 93 9 (2003) 1471-1477
16. Shen X., Yan C., and Zhang Y. Comparison of children's blood lead levels in Shanghai before and after the introduction of lead free gasoline. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Chin J. Medic) 79 10 (1999) 739-741 [in Chinese]
17. Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China (SAC) GB6675. Toy Safety (1986), Chinese Standard Publishing House, Beijing
18. USEPA, Residential lead hazard standards-TSCA Section 403[EB/OL][2007-7- 31], January 5, 2001 Federal Register 〈http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/lead/regulation.htm〉.
19. Wu Y., Huang Q., Zhou X., Hu G., Wang Z., Li H., Bao R., Yan H., Li C., Wu L., and He F. Study on the effects of lead from small industry of battery recycling on environment and children's health. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi (Chin J. Epidemiol.) 23 3 (2002) 167-171 [in Chinese]
20. Yang R.L., Zhu Z.W., and Zhao Z.Y. Analysis of blood lead levels of preschool children in Zhejiang province with historical comparison. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban (J. Zhejiang Univers.) 35 6 (2006) 658-661 [in Chinese]
21. Zhang S.M., Dai Y.H., Xie X.H., Fan Z.Y., and Tan Z.W. Study on blood lead level and related risk factors among children aged 0-6 years in 15 cities in China. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi (Chin J. Epidemiol.) 26 9 (2005) 651-654 [in Chinese]