메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 498-508

Low- and standard-estrogen dosage in oral therapy: Dose-dependent effects on insulin and lipid metabolism in healthy postmenopausal women

Author keywords

Carbohydrate metabolism; Estrogen; Insulin sensitivity; Lipid metabolism; Postmenopausal women

Indexed keywords

CONJUGATED ESTROGEN; ESTRADIOL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLACEBO;

EID: 57349129546     PISSN: 13697137     EISSN: 14730804     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13697130802471058     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (17)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 0026655766 scopus 로고
    • Ageing and the response of plasma insulin, glucose and C-peptide concentrations to intravenous glucose in postmenopausal women
    • Proudler AJ, Felton CV, Stevenson JC. Ageing and the response of plasma insulin, glucose and C-peptide concentrations to intravenous glucose in postmenopausal women. Clin Sci 1992;83:489-94
    • (1992) Clin Sci , vol.83 , pp. 489-494
    • Proudler, A.J.1    Felton, C.V.2    Stevenson, J.C.3
  • 2
    • 0027164529 scopus 로고
    • The effects of the menopause on insulin sensitivity, secretion and elimination in non-obese, healthy women
    • Walton C, Godsland IF, Proudler AJ, et al. The effects of the menopause on insulin sensitivity, secretion and elimination in non-obese, healthy women. Eur J Clin Invest 1993;23:466-73
    • (1993) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.23 , pp. 466-473
    • Walton, C.1    Godsland, I.F.2    Proudler, A.J.3
  • 3
    • 34447272474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Menopause, but not age, is an independent risk factor for fasting plasma glucose levels in nondiabetic women
    • Otsuki M, Kasayama S, Morita S, et al. Menopause, but not age, is an independent risk factor for fasting plasma glucose levels in nondiabetic women. Menopause 2007;14:404-7
    • (2007) Menopause , vol.14 , pp. 404-407
    • Otsuki, M.1    Kasayama, S.2    Morita, S.3
  • 4
    • 0037422848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycemic effects of postmenopausal hormone therapy: The Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study
    • Kanaya AM, Herrington D, Vittinghoff E, et al. Glycemic effects of postmenopausal hormone therapy: the Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study. Ann Intern Med 2003;138:1-9
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.138 , pp. 1-9
    • Kanaya, A.M.1    Herrington, D.2    Vittinghoff, E.3
  • 5
    • 4143116880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of estrogen plus progestin on the incidence of diabetes in postmenopausal women: Results from the Women's Health. Initiative hormone trial
    • Margolis KL, Bonds DE, Rodabough RJ, et al. Effect of estrogen plus progestin on the incidence of diabetes in postmenopausal women: results from the Women's Health. Initiative hormone trial. Diabetologia 2004;47:1175-87
    • (2004) Diabetologia , vol.47 , pp. 1175-1187
    • Margolis, K.L.1    Bonds, D.E.2    Rodabough, R.J.3
  • 6
    • 27744532581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogens and insulin secretion
    • Godsland IF. Estrogens and insulin secretion. Diabetologia 2005;48:2213-20
    • (2005) Diabetologia , vol.48 , pp. 2213-2220
    • Godsland, I.F.1
  • 7
    • 0033306408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of estradiol and a combined estradiol/progestagen preparation on insulin sensitivity in healthy postmenopausal women
    • Duncan AC, Lyall H, Roberts RN, et al. The effect of estradiol and a combined estradiol/progestagen preparation on insulin sensitivity in healthy postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:2402-7
    • (1999) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.84 , pp. 2402-2407
    • Duncan, A.C.1    Lyall, H.2    Roberts, R.N.3
  • 8
    • 2442702762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low and high dose oestradiol and dydrogesterone therapy on insulin and lipoprotein metabolism in healthy postmenopausal women
    • Godsland IF, Manassiev NA, Felton CV, et al. Effects of low and high dose oestradiol and dydrogesterone therapy on insulin and lipoprotein metabolism in healthy postmenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol 2004;60:541-9
    • (2004) Clin Endocrinol , vol.60 , pp. 541-549
    • Godsland, I.F.1    Manassiev, N.A.2    Felton, C.V.3
  • 9
    • 0027171431 scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance, secretion, and elimination in postmenopausal women receiving oral or transdermal hormone replacement therapy
    • Godsland IF, Gangar K, Walton C, et al. Insulin resistance, secretion, and elimination in postmenopausal women receiving oral or transdermal hormone replacement therapy. Metabolism 1993;42:846-53
    • (1993) Metabolism , vol.42 , pp. 846-853
    • Godsland, I.F.1    Gangar, K.2    Walton, C.3
  • 10
    • 0035120623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of peroral and transdermal estrogen replacement therapy on glucose and insulin metabolism
    • Karjalainen A, Paassilta M, Heikkinen J, et al. Effects of peroral and transdermal estrogen replacement therapy on glucose and insulin metabolism. Clin Endocrinol 2001;54:165-73
    • (2001) Clin Endocrinol , vol.54 , pp. 165-173
    • Karjalainen, A.1    Paassilta, M.2    Heikkinen, J.3
  • 11
    • 23744497182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of different preparations of hormone therapy on lipid and glucose metabolism, coagulation factors, and bone mineral density in overweight and obese postmenopausal women
    • Osmanagaoglu MA, Osmanagaoglu S, Osmanagaoglu T, et al. Effect of different preparations of hormone therapy on lipid and glucose metabolism, coagulation factors, and bone mineral density in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril 2005;84:384-93
    • (2005) Fertil Steril , vol.84 , pp. 384-393
    • Osmanagaoglu, M.A.1    Osmanagaoglu, S.2    Osmanagaoglu, T.3
  • 12
    • 0035200105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low-dose continuous combined conjugated estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate on menopausal symptoms, body weight, bone density, and metabolism in postmenopausal women
    • Gambacciani M, Ciaponi M, Cappagli B, et al. Effects of low-dose continuous combined conjugated estrogens and medroxyprogesterone acetate on menopausal symptoms, body weight, bone density, and metabolism in postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001;185:1180-5
    • (2001) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.185 , pp. 1180-1185
    • Gambacciani, M.1    Ciaponi, M.2    Cappagli, B.3
  • 13
    • 0037157169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of lower doses of conjugated equine estrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone in early postmenopausal women
    • Lindsay R, Gallagher JC, Kleerekoper M, et al. Effect of lower doses of conjugated equine estrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone in early postmenopausal women. JAMA 2002;287:2668-76
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.287 , pp. 2668-2676
    • Lindsay, R.1    Gallagher, J.C.2    Kleerekoper, M.3
  • 14
    • 3943084865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of conventional or lower doses of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women
    • Koh KK, Shin MS, Sakuma I, et al. Effects of conventional or lower doses of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004;24:1516-21
    • (2004) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.24 , pp. 1516-1521
    • Koh, K.K.1    Shin, M.S.2    Sakuma, I.3
  • 15
    • 34248588090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutral effect of ultra-low-dose continuous combined estradiol and norethisterone acetate on mammographic breast density
    • Lundström E, Bygdeson M, Svane G, et al. Neutral effect of ultra-low-dose continuous combined estradiol and norethisterone acetate on mammographic breast density. Climacteric 2007;10:249-56
    • (2007) Climacteric , vol.10 , pp. 249-256
    • Lundström, E.1    Bygdeson, M.2    Svane, G.3
  • 16
    • 33751160143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of oral and transdermal short-term estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome
    • Chu MC, Cosper P, Nakhuda GS, et al. A comparison of oral and transdermal short-term estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. Fertil Steril 2006;86:1669-75
    • (2006) Fertil Steril , vol.86 , pp. 1669-1675
    • Chu, M.C.1    Cosper, P.2    Nakhuda, G.S.3
  • 17
    • 3943084865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of conventional or lower doses of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women
    • Koh KK, Shin MS, Sakuma I, et al. Effects of conventional or lower doses of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004;24:1516-21
    • (2004) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.24 , pp. 1516-1521
    • Koh, K.K.1    Shin, M.S.2    Sakuma, I.3
  • 18
    • 0028901129 scopus 로고
    • Effects of continuous low-dosage hormonal replacement therapy on lipoprotein metabolism in postmenopausal women
    • Wolfe BM, Huff MW. Effects of continuous low-dosage hormonal replacement therapy on lipoprotein metabolism in postmenopausal women. Metabolism 1995;44:410-17
    • (1995) Metabolism , vol.44 , pp. 410-417
    • Wolfe, B.M.1    Huff, M.W.2
  • 19
    • 0031721078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral combined hormone replacement therapy on plasma lipids and lipoproteins
    • Vadlamudi S, MacLean P, Israel RG, et al. Effects of oral combined hormone replacement therapy on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. Metabolism 1998;47:1222-6
    • (1998) Metabolism , vol.47 , pp. 1222-1226
    • Vadlamudi, S.1    MacLean, P.2    Israel, R.G.3
  • 20
    • 33845660469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low-dose continuous combined hormone replacement therapy on glucose homeostasis and markers of cardiovascular risk in women with type 2 diabetes
    • Kernohan AF, Sattar N, Hilditch T, et al. Effects of low-dose continuous combined hormone replacement therapy on glucose homeostasis and markers of cardiovascular risk in women with type 2 diabetes. Clin Endocrinol 2007;66:27-34
    • (2007) Clin Endocrinol , vol.66 , pp. 27-34
    • Kernohan, A.F.1    Sattar, N.2    Hilditch, T.3
  • 21
    • 18744411511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low-dose hormone therapy on menopausal symptoms, bone mineral density, endometrium, and the cardiovascular system: A review of randomized clinical trials
    • Peeyananjarassri K, Baber R. Effects of low-dose hormone therapy on menopausal symptoms, bone mineral density, endometrium, and the cardiovascular system: a review of randomized clinical trials. Climacteric 2005;8:13-23
    • (2005) Climacteric , vol.8 , pp. 13-23
    • Peeyananjarassri, K.1    Baber, R.2
  • 22
    • 0018520840 scopus 로고
    • Glucose clamp technique: A method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance
    • DeFronzo RA, Tobin JD, Andres R. Glucose clamp technique: a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance. Am J Physiol 1979;237:E214-23
    • (1979) Am J Physiol , vol.237
    • DeFronzo, R.A.1    Tobin, J.D.2    Andres, R.3
  • 23
    • 0035089445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A modelbased method for assessing insulin sensitivity from the oral glucose tolerance test
    • Mari A, Pacini G, Murphy E, et al. A modelbased method for assessing insulin sensitivity from the oral glucose tolerance test. Diabetes Care 2001;24:539-48
    • (2001) Diabetes Care , vol.24 , pp. 539-548
    • Mari, A.1    Pacini, G.2    Murphy, E.3
  • 24
    • 0035182026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeatability characteristics of simple indices of insulin resistance: Implications for research applications
    • Mather KJ, Hunt AE, Steinberg HO, et al. Repeatability characteristics of simple indices of insulin resistance: implications for research applications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:5457-64
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 5457-5464
    • Mather, K.J.1    Hunt, A.E.2    Steinberg, H.O.3
  • 25
    • 0018602014 scopus 로고
    • Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance
    • National Diabetes Data Group
    • National Diabetes Data Group. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance. Diabetes 1979;28:1039-57
    • (1979) Diabetes , vol.28 , pp. 1039-1057
  • 27
    • 0025952592 scopus 로고
    • Effect of opiate receptor blockade on the insulin response to oral glucose load in polycystic ovarian disease
    • Lanzone A, Fulghesu AM, Fortini A, et al. Effect of opiate receptor blockade on the insulin response to oral glucose load in polycystic ovarian disease. Hum Reprod 1991;6:1043-9
    • (1991) Hum Reprod , vol.6 , pp. 1043-1049
    • Lanzone, A.1    Fulghesu, A.M.2    Fortini, A.3
  • 28
    • 0019721421 scopus 로고
    • Decreased insulin removal contributes to hyperinsulinemia in obesity
    • Faber OK, Christensen K, Kehlet H, et al. Decreased insulin removal contributes to hyperinsulinemia in obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981;53:618-21
    • (1981) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.53 , pp. 618-621
    • Faber, O.K.1    Christensen, K.2    Kehlet, H.3
  • 29
    • 23044447258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Point: The metabolic syndrome still lives
    • Grundy SM. Point: the metabolic syndrome still lives. Clin Chem 2005;51:1352-7
    • (2005) Clin Chem , vol.51 , pp. 1352-1357
    • Grundy, S.M.1
  • 30
    • 34247202056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interrelationship between insulin resistance and menopause on the metabolic syndrome and its individual component among nondiabetic women in the kinmen study
    • Lin KC, Tsai ST, Kuo SC, et al. Interrelationship between insulin resistance and menopause on the metabolic syndrome and its individual component among nondiabetic women in the kinmen study. Am J Med Sci 2007;333:208-14
    • (2007) Am J Med Sci , vol.333 , pp. 208-214
    • Lin, K.C.1    Tsai, S.T.2    Kuo, S.C.3
  • 31
    • 0032547326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group
    • Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group. JAMA 1998;280:605-13
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.280 , pp. 605-613
    • Hulley, S.1    Grady, D.2    Bush, T.3
  • 32
    • 0032420244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy: Cardiovascular benefits for aging women
    • Sites CK. Hormone replacement therapy: cardiovascular benefits for aging women. Coron Artery Dis 1998;9:789-93
    • (1998) Coron Artery Dis , vol.9 , pp. 789-793
    • Sites, C.K.1
  • 33
    • 0037187926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen-receptor polymorphisms and effects of estrogen replacement on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in women with coronary disease
    • Herrington DM, Howard TD, Hawkins GA, et al. Estrogen-receptor polymorphisms and effects of estrogen replacement on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in women with coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2002;346:967-74
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , pp. 967-974
    • Herrington, D.M.1    Howard, T.D.2    Hawkins, G.A.3
  • 34
    • 0031032354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body weight, body fat distribution, and hormonal replacement therapy in early postmenopausal women
    • Gambacciani M, Ciaponi M, Cappagli B, et al. Body weight, body fat distribution, and hormonal replacement therapy in early postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:414-17
    • (1997) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.82 , pp. 414-417
    • Gambacciani, M.1    Ciaponi, M.2    Cappagli, B.3
  • 35
    • 33746862148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: Effect of hormone-replacement therapy on components of the metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women
    • Salpeter SR, Walsh JM, Ormiston TM, et al. Meta-analysis: effect of hormone-replacement therapy on components of the metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. Diabetes Obes Metab 2006;8:538-54
    • (2006) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.8 , pp. 538-554
    • Salpeter, S.R.1    Walsh, J.M.2    Ormiston, T.M.3
  • 36
    • 34047237367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease by age and years since menopause
    • Rossouw JE, Prentice RL, Manson JE, et al. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease by age and years since menopause. JAMA 2007;297:1465-77
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.297 , pp. 1465-1477
    • Rossouw, J.E.1    Prentice, R.L.2    Manson, J.E.3
  • 37
    • 2942755651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of tibolone and cyclic hormone replacement therapy on glucose metabolism in non-diabetic obese postmenopausal women: A randomized study
    • Morin-Papunen LC, Vauhkonen I, Ruokonen A, et al. Effects of tibolone and cyclic hormone replacement therapy on glucose metabolism in non-diabetic obese postmenopausal women: a randomized study. Eur J Endocrinol 2004;150:705-14
    • (2004) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.150 , pp. 705-714
    • Morin-Papunen, L.C.1    Vauhkonen, I.2    Ruokonen, A.3
  • 38
    • 0032942951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effect of transdermal estrogen plus progestagen replacement therapy on insulin metabolism in postmenopausal women: Relation to their insulinemic secretion
    • Cucinelli F, Paparella P, Soranna L, et al. Differential effect of transdermal estrogen plus progestagen replacement therapy on insulin metabolism in postmenopausal women: relation to their insulinemic secretion. Eur J Endocrinol 1999;140:215-23
    • (1999) Eur J Endocrinol , vol.140 , pp. 215-223
    • Cucinelli, F.1    Paparella, P.2    Soranna, L.3
  • 39
    • 0035987967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual effect of E2 and dydrogesterone on insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women
    • Soranna L, Cucinelli F, Perri C, et al. Individual effect of E2 and dydrogesterone on insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women. J Endocrinol Invest 2002;25:547-50
    • (2002) J Endocrinol Invest , vol.25 , pp. 547-550
    • Soranna, L.1    Cucinelli, F.2    Perri, C.3
  • 40
    • 0029064538 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the effects of oral and transdermal estrogen replacement on insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women
    • O'Sullivan AJ, Ho KK. A comparison of the effects of oral and transdermal estrogen replacement on insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:1783-88
    • (1995) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.80 , pp. 1783-1788
    • O'Sullivan, A.J.1    Ho, K.K.2
  • 41
    • 0037335397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose hormone therapy and carbohydrate metabolism
    • Li C, Samsioe G, Borgfeldt C, et al. Low-dose hormone therapy and carbohydrate metabolism. Fertil Steril 2003;79:550-5
    • (2003) Fertil Steril , vol.79 , pp. 550-555
    • Li, C.1    Samsioe, G.2    Borgfeldt, C.3
  • 42
    • 0015591436 scopus 로고
    • Sex steroid influence on hepatic gluconeogenesis and glucogen formation
    • Matute ML, Kalkhoff RK. Sex steroid influence on hepatic gluconeogenesis and glucogen formation. Endocrinology 1973;92:762-8
    • (1973) Endocrinology , vol.92 , pp. 762-768
    • Matute, M.L.1    Kalkhoff, R.K.2
  • 43
    • 0019294769 scopus 로고
    • Role of ovarian hormones in the long term control of glucose homeostasis
    • Ahmed-Sorona H, Bailey CJ. Role of ovarian hormones in the long term control of glucose homeostasis. Horm Res 1980;13:396-403
    • (1980) Horm Res , vol.13 , pp. 396-403
    • Ahmed-Sorona, H.1    Bailey, C.J.2
  • 44
    • 0026072558 scopus 로고
    • Effects of postmenopausal estrogen replacement on the concentrations and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins
    • Walsh BW, Schiff I, Rosner B, et al. Effects of postmenopausal estrogen replacement on the concentrations and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. N Engl J Med 1991;325:1196-204
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.325 , pp. 1196-1204
    • Walsh, B.W.1    Schiff, I.2    Rosner, B.3
  • 45
    • 0029857081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse changes in low-density lipoprotein subfractions profile with estrogen-only hormone replacement therapy
    • Rajman I, Lip GY, Cramb R, et al. Adverse changes in low-density lipoprotein subfractions profile with estrogen-only hormone replacement therapy. Q J Med 1996;89:771-8
    • (1996) Q J Med , vol.89 , pp. 771-778
    • Rajman, I.1    Lip, G.Y.2    Cramb, R.3
  • 46
    • 0030458118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different effects of continuous estrogenprogestin and transdermal estrogen with cyclic progestin regimens on low-density lipoprotein subclasses
    • Tilly-Kiesi M, Lappi M, Puolakka J, et al. Different effects of continuous estrogenprogestin and transdermal estrogen with cyclic progestin regimens on low-density lipoprotein subclasses. Eur J Clin Invest 1996;26:1125-33
    • (1996) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.26 , pp. 1125-1133
    • Tilly-Kiesi, M.1    Lappi, M.2    Puolakka, J.3
  • 47
    • 77957126077 scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen or estrogen-progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Trial period
    • The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial
    • The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial. Effects of estrogen or estrogen-progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Trial period. JAMA 1995;272:199-208
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.272 , pp. 199-208
  • 48
    • 0025989841 scopus 로고
    • Changes in plasma lipoprotein and apolipoprotein composition in relation to oral versus percutaneous administration of estrogen alone or in cyclic association with utrogestan in menopausal women
    • Moorjani S, Dupont A, Labrie F, et al. Changes in plasma lipoprotein and apolipoprotein composition in relation to oral versus percutaneous administration of estrogen alone or in cyclic association with utrogestan in menopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991;73:373-9
    • (1991) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.73 , pp. 373-379
    • Moorjani, S.1    Dupont, A.2    Labrie, F.3
  • 49
    • 0028944899 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous sex hormones: Impact on lipids, lipoproteins, and insulin
    • Haffner SM, Valdez RA. Endogenous sex hormones: impact on lipids, lipoproteins, and insulin. Am J Med 1995;98(Suppl 1A):40-7S
    • (1995) Am J Med , vol.98 , Issue.SUPPL. 1A
    • Haffner, S.M.1    Valdez, R.A.2
  • 50
    • 0034722788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of continuous estrogen and estrogen-progestin replacement regimens on cardiovascular risk markers in postmenopausal women
    • Davidson MH, Maki KC, Marx P, et al. Effects of continuous estrogen and estrogen-progestin replacement regimens on cardiovascular risk markers in postmenopausal women. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:3315-25
    • (2000) Arch Intern Med , vol.160 , pp. 3315-3325
    • Davidson, M.H.1    Maki, K.C.2    Marx, P.3
  • 51
    • 0027987849 scopus 로고
    • Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)
    • Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study group
    • Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study group. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet 1994;19:1383-9
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.19 , pp. 1383-1389
  • 52
    • 0031032723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small, dense low-density lipoprotein particles as a predictor of the risk of ischemic heart disease in men. Prospective results from the Québec Cardiovascular Study
    • Lamarche B, Tchernof A, Moorjani S, et al. Small, dense low-density lipoprotein particles as a predictor of the risk of ischemic heart disease in men. Prospective results from the Québec Cardiovascular Study. Circulation 1997;95:69-75
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.95 , pp. 69-75
    • Lamarche, B.1    Tchernof, A.2    Moorjani, S.3
  • 53
    • 0029741921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of triglyceride level, low-density lipoprotein particle diameter, and risk of myocardial infarction
    • Stampfer MJ, Krauss RM, Ma J, et al. A prospective study of triglyceride level, low-density lipoprotein particle diameter, and risk of myocardial infarction. JAMA 1996;276:882-8
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.276 , pp. 882-888
    • Stampfer, M.J.1    Krauss, R.M.2    Ma, J.3
  • 54
    • 0030638314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Putting low-density lipoproteins at center stage in atherogenesis
    • Sniderman AD, Pedersen T, Kjekshus J. Putting low-density lipoproteins at center stage in atherogenesis. Am J Cardiol 1997;79:64-7
    • (1997) Am J Cardiol , vol.79 , pp. 64-67
    • Sniderman, A.D.1    Pedersen, T.2    Kjekshus, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.