메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 719-723

Advances in the prevention of children's injuries: An examination of four common outdoor activities

Author keywords

Bicycling; Injury; Injury prevention; Pedestrian; Playground; Skiing; Snowboarding

Indexed keywords

ACCIDENT PREVENTION; BICYCLE; CHILD DEATH; CHILD SAFETY; CHILDHOOD INJURY; HEALTH PROMOTION; HELMET; HUMAN; PLAY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SKIING; WALKING;

EID: 57149107399     PISSN: 10408703     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e328317f1eb     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (13)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 35548993227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pediatric hospitalizations for bicycle-related injuries
    • Shah S, Sinclair SA, Smith GA, Xiang H. Pediatric hospitalizations for bicycle-related injuries. Inj Prev 2007; 13:316-321.
    • (2007) Inj Prev , vol.13 , pp. 316-321
    • Shah, S.1    Sinclair, S.A.2    Smith, G.A.3    Xiang, H.4
  • 2
    • 34347258909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclists injured while sharing the road with motor vehicles
    • Haileyesus T, Annest JL, Dellinger AM. Cyclists injured while sharing the road with motor vehicles. Inj Prev 2007; 13:202-206.
    • (2007) Inj Prev , vol.13 , pp. 202-206
    • Haileyesus, T.1    Annest, J.L.2    Dellinger, A.M.3
  • 5
    • 0033195316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fit of bicycle safety helmets and risk of head injuries in children
    • Rivara FP, Astley SJ, Clarren SK, et al. Fit of bicycle safety helmets and risk of head injuries in children. Inj Prev 1999; 5:194-197.
    • (1999) Inj Prev , vol.5 , pp. 194-197
    • Rivara, F.P.1    Astley, S.J.2    Clarren, S.K.3
  • 6
    • 84921705916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonlegislative interventions for the promotion of cycle helmet wearing by children (review)
    • Art. No, CD003985
    • Royal ST, Kendrick D, Coleman T. Nonlegislative interventions for the promotion of cycle helmet wearing by children (review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD003985.
    • (2005) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , Issue.2
    • Royal, S.T.1    Kendrick, D.2    Coleman, T.3
  • 7
    • 33644832136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community-based programmes to promote use of bicycle helmets in children aged 0-14 years: A systematic review
    • Spinks A, Turner C, McClure R, et al. Community-based programmes to promote use of bicycle helmets in children aged 0-14 years: a systematic review. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2006; 12:131-142.
    • (2006) Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot , vol.12 , pp. 131-142
    • Spinks, A.1    Turner, C.2    McClure, R.3
  • 8
    • 34147174970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Injury-prevention counseling and behavior among US children: Results from the second Injury Control and Risk Survey
    • This study is important as it shows that parents who receive counselling from their physician are more likely to report that their child always uses a helmet
    • Chen J, Kresnow MJ, Simon TR, Dellinger A. Injury-prevention counseling and behavior among US children: results from the second Injury Control and Risk Survey. Pediatrics 2007; 119:e958-e965. This study is important as it shows that parents who receive counselling from their physician are more likely to report that their child always uses a helmet.
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.119
    • Chen, J.1    Kresnow, M.J.2    Simon, T.R.3    Dellinger, A.4
  • 9
    • 0347383749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contracting with children and helmet distribution in the emergency department to improve bicycle helmet use
    • Bishai D, Qureshi A, Cantu N, Parks C. Contracting with children and helmet distribution in the emergency department to improve bicycle helmet use. Acad Emerg Med 2003; 10:1371-1377.
    • (2003) Acad Emerg Med , vol.10 , pp. 1371-1377
    • Bishai, D.1    Qureshi, A.2    Cantu, N.3    Parks, C.4
  • 10
    • 0036331448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavior change counseling in the emergency department to reduce injury risk: A randomized, controlled trial
    • Johnston BD, Rivara FP, Droesch RM, et al. Behavior change counseling in the emergency department to reduce injury risk: a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics 2002; 110:267-274.
    • (2002) Pediatrics , vol.110 , pp. 267-274
    • Johnston, B.D.1    Rivara, F.P.2    Droesch, R.M.3
  • 11
    • 0036180569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pediatric, practice-based, randomized trial of drinking and smoking prevention and bicycle helmet, gun, and seatbert safety promotion
    • Stevens MM, Olson AL, Gaffney CA, et al. A pediatric, practice-based, randomized trial of drinking and smoking prevention and bicycle helmet, gun, and seatbert safety promotion. Pediatrics 2002; 109:490-497.
    • (2002) Pediatrics , vol.109 , pp. 490-497
    • Stevens, M.M.1    Olson, A.L.2    Gaffney, C.A.3
  • 12
    • 18744434099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of socioeconomic status on the effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation for children: A prospective observational study
    • Parkin PC, Khambalia A, Kmet L, Macarthur C. Influence of socioeconomic status on the effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation for children: a prospective observational study. Pediatrics 2003; 112:e192-e196.
    • (2003) Pediatrics , vol.112
    • Parkin, P.C.1    Khambalia, A.2    Kmet, L.3    Macarthur, C.4
  • 13
    • 33747596452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic disparity in bicycle helmet use by children six years after the introduction of legislation
    • Macpherson AK, Macarthur C, To TM, et al. Economic disparity in bicycle helmet use by children six years after the introduction of legislation. Inj Prev 2006; 12:231-235.
    • (2006) Inj Prev , vol.12 , pp. 231-235
    • Macpherson, A.K.1    Macarthur, C.2    To, T.M.3
  • 14
    • 0035462145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bicycle helmet use among schoolchildren: The influence of parental involvement and children's attitudes
    • Berg P, Westerling R. Bicycle helmet use among schoolchildren: the influence of parental involvement and children's attitudes. Inj Prev 2001; 7:218-222.
    • (2001) Inj Prev , vol.7 , pp. 218-222
    • Berg, P.1    Westerling, R.2
  • 15
    • 2442531671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matched analysis of parent's and children's attitudes and practices towards motor vehicle and bicycle safety: An important information gap
    • Ehrlich PF, Helmkamp JC, Williams JM, et al. Matched analysis of parent's and children's attitudes and practices towards motor vehicle and bicycle safety: an important information gap. Inj Contr Saf Promot 2004; 11:23-28.
    • (2004) Inj Contr Saf Promot , vol.11 , pp. 23-28
    • Ehrlich, P.F.1    Helmkamp, J.C.2    Williams, J.M.3
  • 16
    • 33644664694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peer and adult companion helmet use is associated with bicycle helmet use by children
    • Khambalia A, MacArthur C, Parkin PC. Peer and adult companion helmet use is associated with bicycle helmet use by children. Pediatrics 2005; 116:939-942.
    • (2005) Pediatrics , vol.116 , pp. 939-942
    • Khambalia, A.1    MacArthur, C.2    Parkin, P.C.3
  • 17
    • 33645953628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation to increase helmet use: A systematic review
    • Karkhaneh M, Kalenga JC, Hagel BE, Rowe BH. Effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation to increase helmet use: a systematic review. Inj Prev 2006; 12:76-82.
    • (2006) Inj Prev , vol.12 , pp. 76-82
    • Karkhaneh, M.1    Kalenga, J.C.2    Hagel, B.E.3    Rowe, B.H.4
  • 18
    • 34347256134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macpherson A, Spinks A. Bicycle helmet legislation for the uptake of helmet use and prevention of head injuries. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. (2):CD005401, 2007. These two articles are of outstanding interest as they provide systematic review of the current literature regarding the effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation increasing helmet use and decreasing bicycle-related head injuries. Interested readers may wish to read the original studies cited in these articles.
    • Macpherson A, Spinks A. Bicycle helmet legislation for the uptake of helmet use and prevention of head injuries. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. (2):CD005401, 2007. These two articles are of outstanding interest as they provide systematic review of the current literature regarding the effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation increasing helmet use and decreasing bicycle-related head injuries. Interested readers may wish to read the original studies cited in these articles.
  • 19
    • 0036517194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of state helmet laws on bicycle helmet use by children and adolescents
    • Rodgers GB. Effects of state helmet laws on bicycle helmet use by children and adolescents. Inj Prev 2002; 8:42-46.
    • (2002) Inj Prev , vol.8 , pp. 42-46
    • Rodgers, G.B.1
  • 20
    • 51649091487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in pediatric and adult bicycling deaths before and after passage of a bicycle helmet law
    • Wesson DE, Stephens D, Lam K, et al. Trends in pediatric and adult bicycling deaths before and after passage of a bicycle helmet law. Pediatrics 2008; 122:605-610.
    • (2008) Pediatrics , vol.122 , pp. 605-610
    • Wesson, D.E.1    Stephens, D.2    Lam, K.3
  • 21
    • 2342466927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Zealand bicycle helmet law: Do the costs outweigh the benefits?
    • Taylor M, Scuffham P. New Zealand bicycle helmet law: do the costs outweigh the benefits? Inj Prev 2002; 8:317-320.
    • (2002) Inj Prev , vol.8 , pp. 317-320
    • Taylor, M.1    Scuffham, P.2
  • 22
    • 0035458543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mandatory helmet legislation and children's exposure to cycling
    • Macpherson AK, Parkin PC, To TM. Mandatory helmet legislation and children's exposure to cycling. Inj Prev 2001; 7:228-230.
    • (2001) Inj Prev , vol.7 , pp. 228-230
    • Macpherson, A.K.1    Parkin, P.C.2    To, T.M.3
  • 23
  • 24
    • 33751002950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bicycle helmet legislation: Can we reach a consensus?
    • Robinson DL. Bicycle helmet legislation: can we reach a consensus? Accid Anal Prev 2007; 39:86-93.
    • (2007) Accid Anal Prev , vol.39 , pp. 86-93
    • Robinson, D.L.1
  • 25
    • 31044451095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical examination of arguments against bicycle helmet use and legislation
    • These two articles are important as they provide the reader with some understanding of the debate regarding the scientific evidence of the effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation. Interested readers may wish to read additional articles and letters to the editor around this debate
    • Hagel BE, Barry Pless I. A critical examination of arguments against bicycle helmet use and legislation. Accid Anal Prev 2006; 38:277-278. These two articles are important as they provide the reader with some understanding of the debate regarding the scientific evidence of the effectiveness of bicycle helmet legislation. Interested readers may wish to read additional articles and letters to the editor around this debate.
    • (2006) Accid Anal Prev , vol.38 , pp. 277-278
    • Hagel, B.E.1    Barry Pless, I.2
  • 26
    • 0032016420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School based bicycle safety education and bicycle injuries in children: A case-control study
    • Carlin JB, Taylor P, Nolan T. School based bicycle safety education and bicycle injuries in children: a case-control study. Inj Prev 1998; 4:22-27.
    • (1998) Inj Prev , vol.4 , pp. 22-27
    • Carlin, J.B.1    Taylor, P.2    Nolan, T.3
  • 27
    • 0032105152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a bicycle skills training program for young children: A randomized controlled trial
    • Macarthur C, Parkin PC, Sidky M, Wallace W. Evaluation of a bicycle skills training program for young children: a randomized controlled trial. Inj Prev 1998; 4:116-121.
    • (1998) Inj Prev , vol.4 , pp. 116-121
    • Macarthur, C.1    Parkin, P.C.2    Sidky, M.3    Wallace, W.4
  • 28
    • 77950135115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interventions for increasing pedestrian and cyclist visibility for the prevention of death and injuries (Review)
    • Art. No, CD003438
    • Kwan I, Mapstone J. Interventions for increasing pedestrian and cyclist visibility for the prevention of death and injuries (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD003438.
    • (2006) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , Issue.4
    • Kwan, I.1    Mapstone, J.2
  • 29
    • 0029311819 scopus 로고
    • Children and bicycles: What is really happening? Studies of fatal and nonfatal bicycle injury
    • Acton CH, Thomas S, Nixon JW, et al. Children and bicycles: what is really happening? Studies of fatal and nonfatal bicycle injury. Inj Prev 1995; 1:86-91.
    • (1995) Inj Prev , vol.1 , pp. 86-91
    • Acton, C.H.1    Thomas, S.2    Nixon, J.W.3
  • 30
    • 0031160318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of bicycle injuries and risk factors for serious injury
    • Rivara FP, Thompson DC, Thompson RS. Epidemiology of bicycle injuries and risk factors for serious injury. Inj Prev 1997; 3:110-114.
    • (1997) Inj Prev , vol.3 , pp. 110-114
    • Rivara, F.P.1    Thompson, D.C.2    Thompson, R.S.3
  • 31
    • 0030309143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demographics of alpine skiing and snowboarding injury: Lessons for prevention programs
    • Mcnab AJ, Cadman R. Demographics of alpine skiing and snowboarding injury: lessons for prevention programs. Inj Prev 1996; 2:286-289.
    • (1996) Inj Prev , vol.2 , pp. 286-289
    • Mcnab, A.J.1    Cadman, R.2
  • 32
    • 0032811527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skiing and snowboarding injuries in the children and adolescents of Southern Alberta
    • Hagel BE, Meeuwisse WH, Mohtadi NG, Pick GH. Skiing and snowboarding injuries in the children and adolescents of Southern Alberta. Clin J Sports Med 1999; 9:9-17.
    • (1999) Clin J Sports Med , vol.9 , pp. 9-17
    • Hagel, B.E.1    Meeuwisse, W.H.2    Mohtadi, N.G.3    Pick, G.H.4
  • 33
    • 0033724515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper extremity snowboarding injuries. Ten-year results from the Colorado snowboard injury survey
    • Idzikowski JR, Janes PC, Abott PJ. Upper extremity snowboarding injuries. Ten-year results from the Colorado snowboard injury survey. Am J Sports Med 2000; 28:825-832.
    • (2000) Am J Sports Med , vol.28 , pp. 825-832
    • Idzikowski, J.R.1    Janes, P.C.2    Abott, P.J.3
  • 34
    • 0344132024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors associated with alpine skiing injuries in children. A case-control study
    • Goulet C, Regnier G, Grimard G, et al. Risk factors associated with alpine skiing injuries in children. A case-control study. Am J Sports Med 1999; 27:644-650.
    • (1999) Am J Sports Med , vol.27 , pp. 644-650
    • Goulet, C.1    Regnier, G.2    Grimard, G.3
  • 36
    • 0037349105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serious winter sport injuries in children and adolescents requiring hospitalization
    • Skokan EG, Junkins EP Jr, Kadish H. Serious winter sport injuries in children and adolescents requiring hospitalization. Am J Emerg Med 2003; 21:95-99.
    • (2003) Am J Emerg Med , vol.21 , pp. 95-99
    • Skokan, E.G.1    Junkins Jr, E.P.2    Kadish, H.3
  • 37
    • 4344587157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downhill skiing injury fatalities among children
    • Xiang H, Stallones L, Smith GA. Downhill skiing injury fatalities among children. Inj Prev 2004; 10:99-102.
    • (2004) Inj Prev , vol.10 , pp. 99-102
    • Xiang, H.1    Stallones, L.2    Smith, G.A.3
  • 38
    • 0347635619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of helmet wearing on the incidence of head/face and cervical spine injuries in young skiers and snowboarders
    • Macnab AJ, Smith T, Gagnon FA, Macnab M. Effect of helmet wearing on the incidence of head/face and cervical spine injuries in young skiers and snowboarders. Inj Prev 2002; 8:324-327.
    • (2002) Inj Prev , vol.8 , pp. 324-327
    • Macnab, A.J.1    Smith, T.2    Gagnon, F.A.3    Macnab, M.4
  • 39
    • 57149084853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hagel BE, Pless IB, Goulet C, et al. Effectiveness of helmets in skiers and snowboarders: case-control and case crossover study. [Erratum appears in BMJ 2005; 330:345.] BMJ 2005; 330:281.
    • Hagel BE, Pless IB, Goulet C, et al. Effectiveness of helmets in skiers and snowboarders: case-control and case crossover study. [Erratum appears in BMJ 2005; 330:345.] BMJ 2005; 330:281.
  • 40
    • 33644529147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Helmet use and risk of head injuries in alpine skiers and snowboarders
    • Sulheim S, Holme I, Ekeland A, Bahr R. Helmet use and risk of head injuries in alpine skiers and snowboarders. JAMA 2006; 295:919-924.
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.295 , pp. 919-924
    • Sulheim, S.1    Holme, I.2    Ekeland, A.3    Bahr, R.4
  • 41
    • 10444265123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of helmet use on injury severity and crash circumstances in skiers and snowboarders
    • Hagel B, Pless IB, Goulet C, et al. The effect of helmet use on injury severity and crash circumstances in skiers and snowboarders. Accid Anal Prev 2005; 37:103-108.
    • (2005) Accid Anal Prev , vol.37 , pp. 103-108
    • Hagel, B.1    Pless, I.B.2    Goulet, C.3
  • 42
    • 23444455492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of wrist guard use on upper-extremity injuries in snowboarders
    • Hagel B, Pless IB, Goulet C. The effect of wrist guard use on upper-extremity injuries in snowboarders. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 162:149-156.
    • (2005) Am J Epidemiol , vol.162 , pp. 149-156
    • Hagel, B.1    Pless, I.B.2    Goulet, C.3
  • 43
    • 0031158510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A descriptive analysis of children's playground injuries in the United States 1990-94
    • Mack MG, Hudson S, Thompson D. A descriptive analysis of children's playground injuries in the United States 1990-94. Inj Prev 1997; 3:100-103.
    • (1997) Inj Prev , vol.3 , pp. 100-103
    • Mack, M.G.1    Hudson, S.2    Thompson, D.3
  • 44
    • 41549139135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The demographics of playground equipment injuries in children
    • Loder RT. The demographics of playground equipment injuries in children. J Pediatr Surg 2008; 43:691-699.
    • (2008) J Pediatr Surg , vol.43 , pp. 691-699
    • Loder, R.T.1
  • 45
    • 0025639106 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of playground equipment injuries resulting in hospitalization
    • Chalmers DJ, Langley JD. Epidemiology of playground equipment injuries resulting in hospitalization. J Paediatr Child Health 1990; 26:329-334.
    • (1990) J Paediatr Child Health , vol.26 , pp. 329-334
    • Chalmers, D.J.1    Langley, J.D.2
  • 46
    • 0032016658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case-control study of risk factors for playground injuries among children in Kingston and area
    • Mowat DL, Wang F, Pickett W, Brison PJ. A case-control study of risk factors for playground injuries among children in Kingston and area. Inj Prev 1998; 4:39-43.
    • (1998) Inj Prev , vol.4 , pp. 39-43
    • Mowat, D.L.1    Wang, F.2    Pickett, W.3    Brison, P.J.4
  • 47
    • 0034182746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for severe injuries associated with falls from playground equipment
    • Macarthur C, Hu X, Wesson DE, Parkin PC. Risk factors for severe injuries associated with falls from playground equipment. Accid Anal Prev 2000; 32:377-382.
    • (2000) Accid Anal Prev , vol.32 , pp. 377-382
    • Macarthur, C.1    Hu, X.2    Wesson, D.E.3    Parkin, P.C.4
  • 48
    • 0035287943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface characteristics, equipment height, and the occurrence and severity of playground injuries
    • Laforest S, Robitaille Y, Lesage D, Dorval D. Surface characteristics, equipment height, and the occurrence and severity of playground injuries. Inj Prev 2001; 7:35-40.
    • (2001) Inj Prev , vol.7 , pp. 35-40
    • Laforest, S.1    Robitaille, Y.2    Lesage, D.3    Dorval, D.4
  • 49
    • 29244475363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severity of playground fractures: Play equipment versus standing height falls
    • Fiissel D, Pattison G, Howard A. Severity of playground fractures: play equipment versus standing height falls. Inj Prev 2005; 11:337-339.
    • (2005) Inj Prev , vol.11 , pp. 337-339
    • Fiissel, D.1    Pattison, G.2    Howard, A.3
  • 51
    • 20444394068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of safer play equipment on playground injury rates among school children
    • Howard AW, Macarthur C, Willan A, et al. The effect of safer play equipment on playground injury rates among school children. CMAJ 2005; 172:1443-1446.
    • (2005) CMAJ , vol.172 , pp. 1443-1446
    • Howard, A.W.1    Macarthur, C.2    Willan, A.3
  • 52
    • 33847286404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological determinants of risk taking by children: An integrative model and implications for interventions
    • Morrongiello BA, Lasenby-Lessard J. Psychological determinants of risk taking by children: an integrative model and implications for interventions. Inj Prev 2007; 13:20-25.
    • (2007) Inj Prev , vol.13 , pp. 20-25
    • Morrongiello, B.A.1    Lasenby-Lessard, J.2
  • 53
    • 0037062069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety education of pedestrians for injury prevention: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials
    • Duperexx O, Bunn F, Roberts I. Safety education of pedestrians for injury prevention: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2002; 324:1129.
    • (2002) BMJ , vol.324 , pp. 1129
    • Duperexx, O.1    Bunn, F.2    Roberts, I.3
  • 54
    • 0035346908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Area-wide urban traffic calming schemes: A meta-analysis of safety effects
    • Elvik R. Area-wide urban traffic calming schemes: a meta-analysis of safety effects. Accid Anal Prev 2001; 33:327-336.
    • (2001) Accid Anal Prev , vol.33 , pp. 327-336
    • Elvik, R.1
  • 55
    • 0141498148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of evidence-based traffic engineering measures designed to reduce pedestrian-motor vehicle crashes
    • Retting RA, Ferguson SA, McCartt AT. A review of evidence-based traffic engineering measures designed to reduce pedestrian-motor vehicle crashes. Am J Public Health 2003; 93:1456-1463.
    • (2003) Am J Public Health , vol.93 , pp. 1456-1463
    • Retting, R.A.1    Ferguson, S.A.2    McCartt, A.T.3
  • 56
    • 0142200984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traffic calming for the prevention of road traffic injuries: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Bunn F, Collier T, Frost C, et al. Traffic calming for the prevention of road traffic injuries: systematic review and meta-analysis. Inj Prev 2003; 9:200-204.
    • (2003) Inj Prev , vol.9 , pp. 200-204
    • Bunn, F.1    Collier, T.2    Frost, C.3
  • 57
    • 0028954478 scopus 로고
    • Effect of environmental factors on risk of injury of child pedestrians by motor vehicles: A case-control study
    • Roberts I, Norton R, Jackson R, et al. Effect of environmental factors on risk of injury of child pedestrians by motor vehicles: a case-control study. BMJ 1995; 310:91-94.
    • (1995) BMJ , vol.310 , pp. 91-94
    • Roberts, I.1    Norton, R.2    Jackson, R.3
  • 58
    • 1842477694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A matched case-control study evaluating the effectiveness of speed humps in reducing child pedestrian injuries
    • Tester JM, Rutherford GW, Wald Z, Rutherford MW. A matched case-control study evaluating the effectiveness of speed humps in reducing child pedestrian injuries. Am J Public Health 2004; 94:646-650.
    • (2004) Am J Public Health , vol.94 , pp. 646-650
    • Tester, J.M.1    Rutherford, G.W.2    Wald, Z.3    Rutherford, M.W.4
  • 59
    • 9444282655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between increased numbers of safe playing areas and decreased vehicle related child mortality rates in Japan from 1970 to 1985: A trend analysis
    • Nakahara S, Nakamura Y, Ichikawa M, Wakai S. Relation between increased numbers of safe playing areas and decreased vehicle related child mortality rates in Japan from 1970 to 1985: a trend analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health 2004; 58:976-981.
    • (2004) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.58 , pp. 976-981
    • Nakahara, S.1    Nakamura, Y.2    Ichikawa, M.3    Wakai, S.4
  • 60
    • 21244500445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community-based programmes to prevent pedestrian injuries in children 0-14 years: A systematic review
    • Turner C, McClure R, Nixon J, Spinks A. Community-based programmes to prevent pedestrian injuries in children 0-14 years: a systematic review. Inj Contr Saf Promot 2004; 11:231-237.
    • (2004) Inj Contr Saf Promot , vol.11 , pp. 231-237
    • Turner, C.1    McClure, R.2    Nixon, J.3    Spinks, A.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.