Modelling the factors predisposing Scots pine to moose damage in artificially regenerated sapling stands in Finnish Lapland

Silva Fennica

Volumn 42, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 587-603

  Nikula, Ari ^a   Hallikainen, Ville ^a   Jalkanen, Risto ^a   Hyppönen, Mikko ^a   Mäkitalo, Kari ^a  

^a FINNISH FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

Author keywords

Alces alces; Boreal forest; Damage; Forestry; Modelling; Pinus sylvestris

Indexed keywords

FORESTRY; MODELS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT;

ALCES ALCES; BOREAL FORESTS; DAMAGE; GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONS; LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODELS; PINUS SYLVESTRIS; PREDICTIVE MODELS; SOIL SCARIFICATION;

REFORESTATION;

BIOGEOGRAPHY; BOREAL FOREST; BROWSING; CONIFEROUS TREE; DAMAGE; DECIDUOUS TREE; DEER; ECOSYSTEM MODELING; LOGISTICS; REGENERATION; RISK ASSESSMENT; SAPLING;

DAMAGE; FORESTS; PINUS SYLVESTRIS; PROBABILITY; RANDOM PROCESSES; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EURASIA; EUROPE; FINLAND; NORTHERN EUROPE; SCANDINAVIA;

ALCES ALCES; PINUS SYLVESTRIS;

EID: 56849111771     PISSN: 00375330     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.14214/sf.235     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Ahti, T., Hämet-Ahti, L. & Jalas, J. 1968. Vegetation zones and their sections in northwestern Europe. Annales Botanici Fennici 5: 169-211.
2. Allison, P.D. 1999. Logistic regression using SAS system: theory and application. Series Logistic Regression Using SAS System: Theory and Application. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC. 288 p.
3. Ball, J.P. & Dahlgren, J. 2002. Browsing damage on pine (Pinus sylvestris and P. contorta) by a migrating moose (Alces alces) population in winter: Relation to habitat composition and road barriers. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 17: 427-435.
4. - , Danell, K. & Sunesson, P. 2000. Response of a herbivore community to increased food quality and quantity: an experiment with nitrogen fertilizer in a boreal forest. Journal of Applied Ecology 37: 247-255.
5. Belovsky, G.E. 1981. Food plant selection by a generalist herbivore: the moose. Ecology 62: 1020-1030.
6. Bergqvist, G., Bergström, R. & Edenius, L. 2001. Patterns of stem damage by moose (Alces alces) in young Pinus sylvestris stands in Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 16: 363-370.
7. Bergström, R. & Hjeljord, O. 1987. Moose and vegetation interactions in northwestern Europe and Poland. Swedish Wildlife Research Supplements 1: 213-228.
8. Cederlund, G. & Bergström, R. 1996. Trends in the moose-forest system in Fennoscandia, with special reference to Sweden. In: DeGraaf, R.M. & Miller, R.I. (eds.). Conservation of faunal diversity in forested landscapes. Chapman & Hall. Conservation Biology Series 6: 265-281.
9. - & Sand, H. 1994. Home-range size in relation to age and sex in moose. Journal of Mammalogy 75: 1005-1012.
10. - , Ljungqvist, H., Markgren, G. & Ståhlfelt, F. 1980. Foods of moose and roe deer at Grimsö in central Sweden. Results of rumen content analyses. Swedish Wildlife Research Viltrevy 11: 169-247.
11. Danell, K., Edenius, L. & Lundberg, P. 1991. Herbivory and tree stand composition: moose patch use in winter. Ecology 72: 1350-1357.
12. Edenius, L. 1993. Browsing by moose on Scots pine in relation to plant resource availability. Ecology 74: 2261-2269.
13. - , Bergman, M., Ericsson, G. & Danell, K. 2002a. The role of moose as a disturbance factor in managed boreal forests. Silva Fennica 36: 57-67.
14. - , Ericsson, G. & Näslund, P. 2002b. Selectivity by moose vs the spatial distribution of aspen: a natural experiment. Ecography 25: 289-294.
15. Finnish Statistical Yearbook of Forestry 1999. Finnish Forest Research Institute. 352 p.
16. Guisan, A. & Zimmermann, N.E. 2000. Predictive habitat distribution models in ecology. Ecological Modelling 135: 147-186.
17. Hallikainen, V., Hyppönen, M., Jalkanen, R. & Mäkitalo, K. 2004. Metsänviljelyn onnistuminen Lapin yksityismetsissä vuosina 1984-1995. Metsätieteen aikakauskirja 1/2004: 3-20.
18. Härkönen, S. 1998. Effects of silvicultural cleaning in mixed pine-deciduous stands on moose damage to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 13: 429-436.
19. Heikkilä, R. 1990. Effect of plantation characteristics on moose browsing on Scots pine. Silva Fennica 24: 341-351.
20. - 1991. Moose browsing in a Scots pine plantation mixed with deciduous tree species. Acta Forestalia Fennica 224. 13 p.
21. - & Härkönen, S. 1993. Moose (Alces alces L.) browsing in young Scots pine stands in relation to the characteristics of their winter habitats. Silva Fennica 27: 127-143.
22. - & Härkönen, S. 1996. Moose browsing in young Scots pine stands in relation to forest management. Forest Ecology and Management 88: 179-186.
23. - & Löyttyniemi, K. 1992. Growth response of young Scots pines to artificial shoot breaking simulating moose damage. Tiivistelmä: Hirvivioitusta jäljittelevän verson katkaisun vaikutus nuoren männyn kehitykseen. Silva Fennica 26(1): 19-26.
24. - & Mikkonen, T. 1992. Effects of density of young Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stand on moose (Alces alces) browsing. Acta Forestalia Fennica 231. 14 p.
25. Hörnberg, S. 2001a. Changes in population density of moose (Alces alces) and damage to forests in Sweden. Forest Ecology and Management 149: 141-151.
26. - 2001b. The relationship between moose (Alces alces) browsing utilisation and the occurrence of different forage species in Sweden. Forest Ecology and Management 149: 91-102.
27. Hyppönen, M., Hallikainen, V., Aalto, T., Jalkanen, R., Mäkitalo, K. & Penttinen, H. 2003. Lapin lain mukainen metsänviljely - tilastotarkastelu. Metsätieteen aikakauskirja 1/2003: 17-32.
28. Jalkanen, A. 2001. The probability of moose damage at the stand level in southern Finland. Silva Fennica 35: 159-168.
29. Jalkanen, R. 2007. Diseases, pests and abiotic disorders of trees in the changing environment in Finnish Lapland. In Taulavuori, E. & Taulavuori, K. (eds.). Physiology of northern plants under changing environment. Research Signpost. p. 105-133.
30. Lavsund, S. 1987. Moose relationships to forestry in Finland, Norway and Sweden. Swedish Wildlife Research, Supplement 1: 229-244.
31. Littell, R.C., Milliken, G.A., Stroup, W.W. & Wolfinger, R.D. 1996. SAS system for mixed models. 633.
32. Lyly, O. & Saksa, T. 1992. The effect of stand density on moose damage in young Pinus sylvestris stands. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 7: 393-403.
33. Mattsson, L. 1990. Moose management and the economic value of hunting: Towards bioeconomic analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 5: 575-581.
34. McCullagh, P. & Nelder, J.A. 1989. Generalized linear models. 2nd ed. Chapman & Hall, London. 387 p.
35. McCulloch, C.E. & Searle, S.R. 2001. Generalized, linear and mixed models. Wiley, New York. 325 p.
36. Mäkitalo, K. 1999. Effect of site preparation and reforestation method on survival and height growth of Scots pine. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 14: 512-525.
37. Niemelä, P. & Danell, K. 1988. Comparison of moose browsing on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and lodge pole pine (Pinus contorta). Journal of Applied Ecology 25: 761-775.
38. Nikula, A., Heikkinen, S. & Helle, E. 2004. Habitat selection of adult moose Alces alces at two spatial scales in central Finland. Wildlife Biology 10: 121-135.
39. Ojansuu, R. & Henttonen, H. 1983. Estimation of the local values of monthly mean temperature, effective temperature sum and precipitation sum from the measurements made by the Finnish Meteorological Office. Silva Fennica 17: 143-158.
40. Repo, S. & Löyttyniemi, K. 1985. Lähiympäristön vaikutus männyn viljelytaimikon hirvituhoalttiuteen. Summary: The effect of immediate environment on moose (Alces alces) damage in young Scots pine plantations. Folia Forestalia 626. 14 p.
41. Salminen, R. (ed.). 1995. Alueellinen geokemiallinen kartoitus Suomessa vuosina 1982-1994. Summary: Regional geochemical mapping in Finland in 1982-1994. Geologian tutkimuskeskus, Tutkimusraportti 130. 47 p. + 24 apps.
42. Searle, K.R., Hobbs, N.T. & Shipley, L.A. 2005. Should I stay or should I go? Patch departure decisions by herbivores at multiple scales. Oikos 111: 417-424.
43. Steinberg, D. & Colla, P. 2004. Logistic regression. In: SYSTAT 11. Statistics II. SYSTAT Software Inc., Richmond. p. 207-278.
44. Stolter, C., Ball, J.P., Julkunen-Tiitto, R., Lieberei, R. & Ganzhorn, J.U. 2005. Winter browsing of moose on two different willow species: food selection in relation to plant chemistry and plant response. Canadian Journal of Zoology 83: 807-819.
45. Tobler, W.R. 1979. Smooth pycnophylactic interpolation for geographical regions. Journal of the American Statistical Association 74: 519-536.
46. Tomppo, E. & Joensuu, J. 2003. Hirvieläinten aiheuttamat metsätuhot Etelä-Suomessa Valtakunnan metsien 8. ja 9. inventoinnin mukaan. Metsätieteen aikakauskirja 4/2003: 507-535.
47. Wallace, L.L., Turner, M.G., Romme, W.H., O'Neill, R.V. & Wu, Y. 1995. Scale of heterogeneity of forage production and winter foraging by elk and bison. Landscape Ecology 10: 75-83.
48. Vivås, H. & Sæther, B.-E. 1987. Interactions between a generalist herbivore, the moose Alces alces, and its food resources: an experimental study of winter foraging behaviour in relation to browse availability. Journal of Animal Ecology 56: 509-520.