Kikuyu over-sown with ryegrass and clover: Grazing capacity, milk production and milk composition

African Journal of Range and Forage Science

Volumn 25, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 103-110

  Botha, P R ^a   Meeske, R ^a   Snyman, H A ^b  

^a Outeniqua Research Farm   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Annual ryegrass; Butterfat; Kikuyu; Milk; Milk protein; Perennial ryegrass; Red clover; White clover

Indexed keywords

LOLIUM; LOLIUM MULTIFLORUM; LOLIUM PERENNE; PENNISETUM CLANDESTINUM; PENNISETUM GLAUCUM; TRIFOLIUM; TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE; TRIFOLIUM REPENS;

EID: 56749157954     PISSN: 10220119     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2989/AJRF.2008.25.3.2.599     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. AOAC 1995, 1995. Official methods of analysis, 16th edn, Methods 4.2.02 (954.01). Association of Official Analytical Chemists International, Maryland, USA.
2. ARC 1984. The Nutrient Requirements of Ruminant Livestock. Lavenham Press, Lavenham, UK.
3. ARC 2002. Herd profile, Agricultural Research Council livestock improvement. Agricultural Research Council, Irene, South Africa.
4. Botha PR, Meeske R and Snyman HA 2008. Kikuyu over-sown with ryegrass and clover: dry matter production, botanical composition and quality. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 25.
5. Bredon RM and Stewart PG 1979. Feeding and Management of Dairy Cattle in Natal. Department of Agriculture, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
6. Caradus JR, Harris SL and Johnson RJ 1996. Increased clover content for increased milk production. Proceedings of the Ruakura Farmers Conference 48: 42-49.
7. Cross GW 1979. Maintaining the nutritive value of Pennisetum clandestinum for milk production. Proceedings of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa 14: 61-63.
8. Cruywagen CW, Weimer PJ, Botha PR and Holtshausen L 2006. The effect of regrowth stage and cutting frequency on the chemical composition and fermentation characteristics of kikuyu pasture. Information Day proceedings. Department of Agriculture Western Cape, Outeniqua Research Farm, George, 3 October 2006. pp. 24-29.
9. Dugmore TJ 1998. Dairy production from kikuyu. In: Proceedings of a kikuyu technology day. KwaZulu-Natal Department of Agriculture, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. pp 34-35.
10. Dugmore TJ and du Toit PCV 1988. The chemical composition and nutritive value of kikuyu pasture. South African Journal of Animal Science 18: 72-75.
11. Fulkerson WJ 1997. Use of the rising plate meter to allocate pasture. Research to farm. NSW Agriculture, Wollongbar Agricultural Institute, Wollongbar, Australia.
12. Harris SL, Clark DA and Jansen EBL 1997. Optimum white clover content for milk production. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 57: 169-171.
13. Henning WP, Barnard HH and Venter JJ 1995. Effect of grazing cycle on milk production of cows on kikuyu pasture. South African Journal of Animal Science 25: 7-12.
14. IDF 1996., International IDF Standard 141B. International Dairy Federation General Secretariat, Brussels, Belgium.
15. Marais JP 1998. Anti quality factors. In: Proceedings of a kikuyu technology day. KwaZulu-Natal Department of Agriculture, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. pp 17-21.
16. Marais JP 2001. Factors affecting the nutritive value of kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum) - a review. Tropical Grasslands 35: 65-84.
17. Meeske R, Rothauge A, van der Merwe GD and Greyling JF 2006. The effect of concentrate supplementation on the productivity of grazing Jersey cows on a pasture based system. South African Journal of Animal Science 36: 105-110.
18. Miles N, de Villiers and Dugmore TJ 1995. Macromineral composition of kikuyu herbage relative to the requirements of ruminants. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 66: 206-212.
19. Muller CJC 2002. Faktore wat die vastestofinhoud van melk beïnvloed. Suid-Kaap Landbounavorsingsvereniging Melkvastestowwe- taakspan, Departement van Landbou, Elsenburg, South Africa.
20. Muller CJC and Botha JA 1995. Invloed van veelading op melkproduksie en weidingsinname van Jerseykoeie op kikoejoe. Elsenburg Journal 2: 27-32.
21. Olney GR and Albertson TO 1984. Effect of supplementary concentrate feeding on milk production from cows grazing irrigated kikuyu pasture. Proceedings of the Australian Society of Animal Production 15: 509-512.
22. Pottinger RP, Lane PMS and Wilkens JR (eds) 1993. Pasture Renovation Manual. 2nd edn. AgResearch, Hamilton, New Zealand.
23. Reeves M 1997. Milk production from kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) grass pasture. PhD thesis, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
24. Rethman NFG 1975. Kikoejoe vir beweiding in somer en winter. Agrivaal 7(3): 7-14.
25. SAS 1999. SAS/STAT User's Guide version 9. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA.
26. Soil Classification Workgroup 1991. Soil Classification: a Taxonomic System for South Africa. Memoirs on the Natural Agricultural Resources of South Africa No. 15. Department of Agricultural Development, Pretoria, South Africa.
27. Stockdale CR 1984. Evaluation of techniques for estimating the yield of irrigated pastures intensively grazed by dairy cows. II. The rising plate meter. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 24: 305-311.
28. Tilley JM and Terry RA 1963. A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Journal of the British Grassland Society 18: 104-111.
29. van Heerden JM 1986. Potential of established pastures in the winter rainfall region. PhD thesis, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
30. van Soest PJ, Robertson JB and Lewis BA 1991. Symposium: carbohydrate methodology, metabolism and nutritional implications in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science 74: 3583-3597.
31. Wilkens RJ, Gibb MJ and Huckle CA 1995. Lactation performance of spring-calving dairy cows grazing mixed perennial ryegrass/ white clover swards of differing composition and height. Grass and Forage Science 50: 199-208.