Cutaneous metastases of visceral tumours: A review

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology

Volumn 135, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 1-14

  Nashan, Dorothée ^a   Müller, Marcel Lucas ^a   Braun Falco, Markus ^a   Reichenberger, Sebastian ^b   Szeimies, Rolf Markus ^c   Bruckner Tuderman, Leena ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG   (Germany)

^b Ludmillenstift ^*  (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF REGENSBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Dermatology; Neoplasm metastasis; Review (publication type); Skin neoplasms; Therapeutics

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; MILTEFOSINE; PLACEBO;

ABDOMEN; ARM; AXILLA; BLADDER CANCER; BRACHYTHERAPY; BREAST CARCINOMA; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COLON CARCINOMA; COLORECTAL CANCER; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE COURSE; ELECTROCOAGULATION; ESOPHAGUS CARCINOMA; FACE; FOLLOW UP; GALLBLADDER CANCER; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; KIDNEY CANCER; KIDNEY CARCINOMA; LIMB; LIP; LUNG CANCER; NASOPHARYNX CARCINOMA; NECK; OVARY CANCER; PANCREAS CANCER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PROSTATE CANCER; REVIEW; SCALP; SKIN METASTASIS; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; STOMACH ADENOCARCINOMA; STOMACH CARCINOMA; SYMPTOM; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; THORAX; TREATMENT FAILURE; TREATMENT PLANNING; UTERINE CERVIX CANCER; UTERUS CANCER; VULVA CANCER;

BREAST NEOPLASMS; COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS; FEMALE; GASTROINTESTINAL NEOPLASMS; HEAD AND NECK NEOPLASMS; HUMANS; KIDNEY NEOPLASMS; LUNG NEOPLASMS; NEOPLASMS; OVARIAN NEOPLASMS; SKIN NEOPLASMS; VISCERA;

EID: 56649123408     PISSN: 01715216     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00432-008-0432-0     Document Type: Review

References (123)

1. H Abrams R Spiro N Goldstein 1950 Metastases in carcinoma; analysis of 1000 autopsied cases Cancer 3 74 85 10.1002/1097-0142(1950)3:1<74::AID- CNCR2820030111>3.0.CO;2-7
2. MF Acikalin E Vardareli N Tel 2005 Erysipelas-like cutaneous metastasis from gastric signet ring cell carcinoma J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 19 642 643 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2005.01214.x
3. D Ackerman RJ Barr AN Elias 2001 Cutaneous metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma Int J Dermatol 40 782 784 10.1046/j.1365-4362.2001.01319.x
4. A Aguilar C Schoendorff MJ Lopez Redondo 1991 Epidermotropic metastases from internal carcinomas Am J Dermatopathol 13 452 458
5. Y Akman K Cam A Kavak 2003 Extensive cutaneous metastasis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder Int J Urol 10 103 104 10.1046/j.1442-2042.2003. 00571.x
6. DT Alexandrescu J Vaillant LJ Yahr 2005 Unusually large colon cancer cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases occurring in resection scars Dermatol Online J 11 22
7. S Alwaheeb D Ghazarian SL Boerner 2004 Cutaneous manifestations of thyroid cancer: a report of four cases and review of the literature J Clin Pathol 57 435 438 10.1136/jcp. 2003.012922
8. K Arita T Kawashima H Shimizu 2002 Cutaneous metastasis of prostate carcinoma Clin Exp Dermatol 27 64 65 10.1046/j.0307-6938.2001.00966.x
9. M Azemar S Djahansouzi E Jager 2003 Regression of cutaneous tumor lesions in patients intratumorally injected with a recombinant single-chain antibody-toxin targeted to ErbB2/HER2 Breast Cancer Res Treat 82 155 164 10.1023/B:BREA.0000004371.48757.19
10. S Azoulay C Adem FL Pelletier 2005 Skin metastases from unknown origin: role of immunohistochemistry in the evaluation of cutaneous metastases of carcinoma of unknown origin J Cutan Pathol 32 561 566 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2005. 00386.x
11. C Bachmeyer G Reynaert P Le Lann 2004 Cutaneous metastasis of the pleural mesothelioma Ann Dermatol Venereol 131 287 288 10.1016/S0151-9638(04)93597-1
12. DN Barry M Peyromaure B Debre 2004 Renal cancer presenting as an isolated cutaneous metastasis Prog Urol 14 538 539
13. K Bassioukas M Nakuci S Dimou 2005 Zosteriform cutaneous metastases from breast adenocarcinoma J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 19 593 596 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2005.01205.x
14. RC Bast Jr P Ravdin DF Hayes 2001 2000 update of recommendations for the use of tumor markers in breast and colorectal cancer: clinical practice guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology J Clin Oncol 19 1865 1878
15. M Baydar M Dikilitas A Sevinc 2005 Cutaneous metastasis of endometrial carcinoma with hemorrhagic nodules and papules Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 26 464 465
16. U Bottoni D Innocenzi TJ Mannooranparampil 2001 Inflammatory cutaneous metastasis from laryngeal carcinoma Eur J Dermatol 11 124 126
17. D Brasanac I Boricic V Todorovic 2003 Epidermotropic metastases from breast carcinoma showing different clinical and histopathological features on the trunk and on the scalp in a single patient J Cutan Pathol 30 641 646 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2003.00130.x
18. IM Braverman 2002 Skin manifestations of internal malignancy Clin Geriatr Med 18 1 19 10.1016/S0749-0690(03)00031-4
19. S Brenner E Tamir N Maharshak 2001 Cutaneous manifestations of internal malignancies Clin Dermatol 19 290 297 10.1016/S0738-081X(01)00174-2
20. MH Brownstein EB Helwig 1972 Metastatic tumors of the skin Cancer 29 1298 1307 10.1002/1097-0142(197205)29:5<1298::AID-CNCR2820290526>3.0.CO;2-6
21. MH Brownstein EB Helwig 1972 Patterns of cutaneous metastasis Arch Dermatol 105 862 868 10.1001/archderm.105.6.862
22. MH Brownstein EB Helwig 1973 Spread of tumors to the skin Arch Dermatol 107 80 86 10.1001/archderm.107.1.80
23. B Cariou B Charbonnel MF Heymann 2000 Cutaneous metastases from follicular thyroid cancer Presse Med 29 1557 1558
24. MC Carroll M Fleming CR Chitambar 2002 Diagnosis, workup, and prognosis of cutaneous metastases of unknown primary origin Dermatol Surg 28 533 535 10.1046/j.1524-4725.2002.01171.x
25. DS Cassarino W Xue KJ Shannon 2003 Widespread cutaneous and perioral metastases of mesothelioma J Cutan Pathol 30 582 585 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2003. 00110.x
26. SE Chang JC Choi KC Moon 2001 A papillary carcinoma: cutaneous metastases from lung cancer J Dermatol 28 110 111
27. CH Chang YL Liao HS Hong 2003 Cutaneous metastasis from adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland Dermatol Surg 29 775 779 10.1046/j.1524-4725. 2003.29196.x
28. SC Chao JY Lee 2004 Well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma presenting with cutaneous metastases Br J Dermatol 150 778 780 10.1111/j.0007-0963.2004. 05877.x
29. A Charfeddine N Tahri H Ben Ali 2001 Cutaneous metastases revealing gastric linitis Ann Dermatol Venereol 128 141 143
30. I Coman N Crisan B Petrut 2007 Hepatic and skin metastases after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 16 333 335
31. SE Cox PD Cruz Jr 1994 A spectrum of inflammatory metastasis to skin via lymphatics: three cases of carcinoma erysipeloides J Am Acad Dermatol 30 304 307
32. PR Dahl DG Brodland JR Goellner 1997 Thyroid carcinoma metastatic to the skin: a cutaneous manifestation of a widely disseminated malignancy J Am Acad Dermatol 36 531 537 10.1016/S0190-9622(97)70239-1
33. D De Argila JC Bureo FL Marquez 1999 Small-cell carcinoma of the lung presenting as a cutaneous metastasis of the lip mimicking a Merkel cell carcinoma Clin Exp Dermatol 24 170 172 10.1046/j.1365-2230.1999.00445.x
34. CE Desch AB Benson III MR Somerfield 2005 Colorectal cancer surveillance: 2005 update of an American Society of Clinical Oncology practice guideline J Clin Oncol 23 8512 8519 10.1200/JCO.2005.04.0063
35. A Dominici G Nesi N Mondaini 2001 Skin involvement from micropapillary bladder carcinoma as the first clinical manifestation of metastatic disease Urol Int 67 173 174 10.1159/000050979
36. LN Dorairajan AK Hemal M Aron 1999 Cutaneous metastases in renal cell carcinoma Urol Int 63 164 167 10.1159/000030440
37. RS Douglas SM Goldstein E Einhorn 2002 Metastatic breast cancer to 4 eyelids: a clinicopathologic report Cutis 70 291 293
38. JC Drappier E Mahe A Memin 2003 Cutaneous lymphangitic carcinomatosis and acquired ichtyosis associated with prostatic carcinoma Ann Dermatol Venereol 130 345 347
39. VS Durvasula S Mahendran JW Grant 2005 Cutaneous metastases from a hypopharyngeal malignancy J Laryngol Otol 119 319 321
40. L Elit H Lukka E Friedman 2001 Cutaneous metastasis of papillary serous uterine cancer Gynecol Oncol 82 208 211 10.1006/gyno.2001.6224
41. A Florez E Roson D Sanchez-Aguilar 2000 Solitary cutaneous metastasis on the buttock: a disclosing sign of pancreatic adenocarcinoma Clin Exp Dermatol 25 201 203 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2000.00614.x
42. P Fritz FW Hensley C Berns 2000 Long-term results of pulsed irradiation of skin metastases from breast cancer. Effectiveness and sequelae Strahlenther Onkol 176 368 376 10.1007/PL00002345
43. M Fruh T Ruhstaller J Neuweiler 2005 Resection of skin metastases from gastric carcinoma with long-term follow-up: an unusual clinical presentation Onkologie 28 38 40 10.1159/000082266
44. H Fukuda R Saito 2006 A case of Sister Mary Joseph's nodule from prostatic cancer J Dermatol 33 46 51 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2006.00009.x
45. G Fyrmpas N Barbetakis A Efstathiou 2006 Cutaneous metastasis to the face from colon adenocarcinoma. Case report Int Semin Surg Oncol 3 2 10.1186/1477-7800-3-2
46. C Gaudy-Marqueste JP Dales AM Collet-Villette 2003 Cutaneous metastasis of pleural mesothelioma: two cases Ann Dermatol Venereol 130 455 459
47. F Ghaemmaghami M Modares N Behtash 2004 Multiple, disseminated cutaneous metastases of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma Int J Gynecol Cancer 14 384 387 10.1111/j.1048-891x.2004.014227.x
48. I Ghfir AM Ccedil N Ben Rais 2005 Follicular thyroid carcinoma: metastasis to unusual skin locations Presse Med 34 1145 1146 10.1016/S0755-4982(05)84140-5
49. A Gothelf LM Mir J Gehl 2003 Electrochemotherapy: results of cancer treatment using enhanced delivery of bleomycin by electroporation Cancer Treat Rev 29 371 387 10.1016/S0305-7372(03)00073-2
50. B Gowardhan ME Mathers JG Feggetter 2004 Twenty-three years of disease-free survival following cutaneous metastasis from a primary bladder transitional cell carcinoma Int J Urol 11 1031 1032 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2004. 00939.x
51. U Gul A Kilic A Akbas 2007 Alopecia neoplastica due to metastatic colon adenocarcinoma Acta Derm Venereol 87 93 94 10.2340/00015555-0166
52. C Hafner M Landthaler T Vogt 2006 Stroma-targeted palliative tumor therapy with biomodulators J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 4 242 253 10.1111/j.1610-0387. 2006.05908.x
53. MH Han GJ Koh JH Choi 2000 Carcinoma erysipelatoides originating from stomach adenocarcinoma J Dermatol 27 471 474
54. MS Jee YI Chung MW Lee 2003 Cutaneous metastasis from medullary carcinoma of thyroid gland Clin Exp Dermatol 28 670 671 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2003.01380.x
55. J Kanitakis AS Causeret A Claudy 2003 Cutaneous metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed with hepatocyte paraffin (Hep Par 1) antibody immunohistochemistry J Cutan Pathol 30 637 640 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2003.00128.x
56. MV Karamouzis A Ardavanis A Alexopoulos 2005 Multiple cutaneous acral metastases in a woman with breast adenocarcinoma treated with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin: incidental or aetiological association? Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 14 267 271 10.1111/j.1365-2354.2005.00573.x
57. R Katta 2000 What's causing these scalp nodules? Cutaneous metastasis Postgrad Med 108 115 116
58. ES Kim DP Lee MW Lee 2005 Cutaneous metastasis of uterine papillary serous carcinoma Am J Dermatopathol 27 436 438 10.1097/01.dad.0000178002.19337. b1
59. CE Kleyn JE Lai-Cheong HK Bell 2006 Cutaneous manifestations of internal malignancy: diagnosis and management Am J Clin Dermatol 7 71 84 10.2165/00128071-200607020-00001
60. S Koga S Tsuda M Nishikido 2000 Renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the skin Anticancer Res 20 1939 1940
61. RA Krathen IF Orengo T Rosen 2003 Cutaneous metastasis: a meta-analysis of data South Med J 96 164 167 10.1097/01.SMJ.0000053676.73249.E5
62. SY Lee SE Chang GY Bae 2001 Carcinoma erysipeloides associated with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma Clin Exp Dermatol 26 671 673 10.1046/j.1365-2230. 2001.00915.x
63. MC Lee YL Huang CH Yang 2004 Cutaneous seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma due to percutaneous ethanol injection and masquerading as a pyogenic granuloma Dermatol Surg 30 438 440 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2004.30120.x
64. JH Lee PK Lee ST Ahn 2006 Unusally huge metastatic cutaneous renal cell carcinoma to the right buttock: case report and review of the literature Dermatol Surg 32 159 160
65. R Leonard J Hardy G van Tienhoven 2001 Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial of 6% miltefosine solution, a topical chemotherapy in cutaneous metastases from breast cancer J Clin Oncol 19 4150 4159
66. OH Lifshitz JM Berlin JS Taylor 2005 Metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma presenting as an enlarging plaque on the scalp Cutis 76 194 196
67. C Lim R Chan W Regan 2005 Renal cell carcinoma with cutaneous metastases Australas J Dermatol 46 158 160 10.1111/j.1440-0960.2005.00169.x
68. DP Lookingbill N Spangler FM Sexton 1990 Skin involvement as the presenting sign of internal carcinoma. A retrospective study of 7316 cancer patients J Am Acad Dermatol 22 19 26
69. DP Lookingbill N Spangler KF Helm 1993 Cutaneous metastases in patients with metastatic carcinoma: a retrospective study of 4020 patients J Am Acad Dermatol 29 228 236
70. CI Lu WR Wong HS Hong 2004 Distant cutaneous metastases of cholangiocarcinoma: report of two cases of a previously unreported condition J Am Acad Dermatol 51 S108 S111 10.1016/j.jaad.2004.01.042
71. JY Luh ES Han JR Simmons 2002 Poorly differentiated colon carcinoma with neuroendocrine features presenting with hypercalcemia and cutaneous metastases: case report and review of the literature Am J Clin Oncol 25 160 163 10.1097/00000421-200204000-00011
72. NM Luk KH Yu CL Choi 2004 Skin metastasis from nasopharyngeal carcinoma in four Chinese patients Clin Exp Dermatol 29 28 31 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2004. 01427.x
73. GK Maheshwari HA Baboo R Ashwathkumar 2001 Scalp metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix Int J Gynecol Cancer 11 244 246 10.1046/j.1525-1438.2001.00074.x
74. A Maiorana F Giusti AM Cesinaro 2006 Cutaneous metastases as the first manifestation of pleural malignant mesothelioma J Am Acad Dermatol 54 363 365 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.02.046
75. J Martel JJ Roux I Treilleux 2003 Breast metastases of an ovarian adenocarcinoma Ann Dermatol Venereol 130 623 625
76. Y Michiwa M Earashi H Kobayashi 2001 Cutaneous metastases from gastric adenocarcinoma treated with combination chemotherapy producing complete response with long survival J Exp Clin Cancer Res 20 297 299
77. MJ Molina Garrido PC Guillen JL Soto Martinez 2006 Cutaneous metastases of lung cancer Clin Transl Oncol 8 330 333 10.1007/s12094-006-0178-6
78. Moll I, Moll R (2005) Kutane Metastasen-Klinik, Histopathologie und spezielle Marker. Akt Dermatol 31:541-548
79. TJ Mueller H Wu RE Greenberg 2004 Cutaneous metastases from genitourinary malignancies Urology 63 1021 1026 10.1016/j.urology.2004.01.014
80. K Mullinax JB Cohen 2004 Carcinoma en cuirasse presenting as keloids of the chest Dermatol Surg 30 226 228 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2004.30071.x
81. National Library of Medicine (2008) http://www.pubmed.gov. Accessed 17 May 2008
82. V Navarro D Ramon L Calduch 2002 Cutaneous metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma: an unusual clinical presentation Eur J Dermatol 12 85 87
83. A Ottinetti E Colombo F Dardano 2003 Cutaneous metastasis of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx: report of a case J Cutan Pathol 30 512 515 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2003.00062.x
84. JY Park HS Lee KH Cho 2003 Cutaneous metastasis to the scalp from squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix Clin Exp Dermatol 28 28 30 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2003.01128.x
85. R Pasricha PP Mohanty NR Datta 2004 Distant cutaneous metastasis after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a case of unsuspected gallbladder cancer Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 16 502 503 10.1016/j.clon.2004.06.025
86. S Perdona R Autorino L Gallo 2005 Renal cell carcinoma with solitary toe metastasis Int J Urol 12 401 404 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2005.01060.x
87. K Peris MC Fargnoli F Lunghi 2001 Unusually large cutaneous metastases of renal cell carcinoma Acta Derm Venereol 81 77 78 10.1080/000155501750208407
88. G Pomara I Pastina M Simone 2004 Penile metastasis from primary transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis: first manifestation of systemic spread BMC Cancer 4 90 10.1186/1471-2407-4-90
89. S Poole NA Fenske 1993 Cutaneous markers of internal malignancy. I. Malignant involvement of the skin and the genodermatoses J Am Acad Dermatol 28 1 13
90. NA Porter HL Anderson S Al-Dujaily 2006 Renal cell carcinoma presenting as a solitary cutaneous facial metastasis: case report and review of the literature Int Semin Surg Oncol 3 27 10.1186/1477-7800-3-27
91. SG Prabhudesai CS Pramesh NA Jambhekar 2004 Epidermotropic cutaneous metastases from hypopharyngeal carcinoma J Otolaryngol 33 198 200 10.2310/7070.2004.03005
92. R Preetha VS Kavishwar P Butle 2004 Cutaneous metastasis from silent renal cell carcinoma J Postgrad Med 50 287 288
93. TR Quinn LM Duncan A Zembowicz 2005 Cutaneous metastases of follicular thyroid carcinoma: a report of four cases and a review of the literature Am J Dermatopathol 27 306 312 10.1097/01.dad.0000164606.33779.6f
94. Radny P (2006) Therapie bei Haut- und Weichteilmetastasen. In: Management des Melanoms, 1st edn. Springer Medizin Verlag, Heidelberg, pp 329-334
95. M Reichel RG Wheeland 1993 Inflammatory carcinoma masquerading as erythema annulare centrifugum Acta Derm Venereol 73 138 140
96. MH Rendi AD Dhar 2003 Cutaneous metastasis of rectal adenocarcinoma Dermatol Nurs 15 131 132
97. J Reuter L Bruckner-Tuderman M Braun-Falco 2006 Epidermotropic scrotal metastasis of colorectal cancer Int J Colorectal Dis 22 9 1133 1134
98. YS Ro JH Park CK Park 2003 Basaloid carcinoma of the lung presenting concurrently with cutaneous metastasis J Am Acad Dermatol 49 523 526 10.1067/S0190-9622(03)00575-9
99. G Rosati A Rossi D Germano 2003 Responsiveness of skin metastases to CMF in a patient with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: a case report Tumori 89 85 87
100. P Rubegni S Poggiali M De Santi 2006 Cutaneous metastases from adenocarcinoma of the rete testis J Cutan Pathol 33 181 184 10.1111/j.0303-6987. 2006.00395.x
101. RJ Rudd KP Fair JW Patterson 2000 Aortic angiosarcoma presenting with cutaneous metastasis: case report and review of the literature J Am Acad Dermatol 43 930 933 10.1016/S0190-9622(00)70227-1
102. S Saeed CA Keehn MB Morgan 2004 Cutaneous metastasis: a clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical appraisal J Cutan Pathol 31 419 430 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2004.00207.x
103. D Sarid N Wigler Z Gutkin 2004 Cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases of rectal cancer Int J Clin Oncol 9 202 205 10.1007/s10147-004-0389-1
104. D Sariya K Ruth R Adams-McDonnell 2007 Clinicopathologic correlation of cutaneous metastases: experience from a cancer center Arch Dermatol 143 613 620 10.1001/archderm.143.5.613
105. P Schoenlaub A Sarraux E Grosshans 2001 Survival after cutaneous metastasis: a study of 200 cases Ann Dermatol Venereol 128 1310 1315
106. R Schonmann M Altaras T Biron 2003 Inflammatory skin metastases from ovarian carcinoma-a case report and review of the literature Gynecol Oncol 90 670 672 10.1016/S0090-8258(03)00366-4
107. R Schwartz 1995 Cutaneous metastatic disease J Am Acad Dermatol 33 182
108. S Seeber D Strumberg 2006 Metastases with CUP syndrome Urologe A 45 614 619 10.1007/s00120-006-1054-2
109. M Shabahang AS Livingstone 2002 Cutaneous metastases from a gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach: review of literature Dig Surg 19 64 65 10.1159/000052009
110. S Shamsadini A Taheri S Dabiri 2003 Grouped skin metastases from laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and overview of similar cases Dermatol Online J 9 27
111. S Snow D Madjar G Reizner 2001 Renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the scalp: case report and review of the literature Dermatol Surg 27 192 194 10.1046/j.1524-4725.2001.00115.x
112. PS Spencer TN Helm 1987 Skin metastases in cancer patients Cutis 39 119 121
113. C Stanko L Grandinetti M Baldassano 2007 Epidermotropic metastatic prostate carcinoma presenting as an umbilical nodule-Sister Mary Joseph nodule Am J Dermatopathol 29 290 292 10.1097/DAD.0b013e318057f0fb
114. SD Stavrianos NR McLean CG Kelly 2000 Cutaneous metastasis to the head and neck from colonic carcinoma Eur J Surg Oncol 26 518 519 10.1053/ejso.1999. 0935
115. RH Stein JM Spencer 2002 Painful cutaneous metastases from esophageal carcinoma Cutis 70 230 232
116. H Takeuchi T Kawano T Toda 2003 Cutaneous metastasis from pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a case report and a review of the literature Hepatogastroenterology 50 275 277
117. MD Thouvenin-Heysch De La Borde F Loche L Alric 2000 Cutaneous metastasis of a cholangiocarcinoma at the site of a percutaneous biliary catheter Ann Dermatol Venereol 127 212 213
118. WA Tjalma K Watty 2003 Skin metastases from vulvar cancer: a fatal event Gynecol Oncol 89 185 188 10.1016/S0090-8258(03)00063-5
119. JP Touraud N Lentz Y Dutronc 2000 Umbilical cutaneous metastasis (or Sister Mary Joseph's nodule) disclosing an ovarian adenocarcinoma Gynecol Obstet Fertil 28 719 721 10.1016/S1297-9589(00)00009-6
120. G Wagner 2007 Häufige und seltene Formen kutaner Metastasen des Mammakarzinoms Akt Dermatol 33 174 179 10.1055/s-2007-966451
121. U Wollina T Graefe H Konrad 2004 Cutaneous metastases of internal cancer Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Panonica Adriat 13 79 84
122. NS Wong BM Chang HC Toh 2004 Inflammatory metastatic carcinoma of the colon: a case report and review of the literature Tumori 90 253 255
123. R Wuntkal A Maheshwari S Gupta 2004 Cutaneous metastases in a case of fallopian-tube carcinoma Lancet Oncol 5 663 10.1016/S1470-2045(04)01607-9