Chinese national parks: Differences, resource use and tourism product portfolios

Tourism Management

Volumn 30, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 21-30

  Ma, Xiao Long ^a   Ryan, Chris ^b   Bao, Ji Gang ^a  

^a SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Chinese national parks; Data envelopment analysis (DEA); Resource use efficiency; Spatial characteristics

Indexed keywords

DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS; ECONOMIC REGENERATION; NATIONAL PARK; RESOURCE USE; RURAL ECONOMY; TOURISM MANAGEMENT;

ASIA; CHINA; EURASIA; FAR EAST;

EID: 56649091305     PISSN: None     EISSN: 02615177     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2008.04.006     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Achabal D.D., Heineke J.M., and McIntyre S.H. Issues and perspectives on retail productivity. Journal of Retailing 60 3 (1984) 107-127
2. Anderson R.I., Fok R., and Scott J. Hotel industry efficiency: an advanced linear programming examination. American Business Review 18 1 (2000) 40-48
3. Anderson R.I., Lewis D., and Parker M.E. Another look at the efficiency of corporate travel management departments. Journal of Travel Research 37 3 (1999) 267-272
4. Ao R.J., and Wei Y.S. A study on the regional tourism resources and the unbalanced development of the tourism industry in China. Journal of Finance and Economics 32 3 (2006) 32-43
5. Baker M., and Riley M. New perspectives on productivity in hotels: some advances and new directions. International Journal of Hospitality Management 13 4 (1994) 97-111
6. Bao J.G., and Chu Y.F. Tourism geography (2001), Higher Education Press, Beijing
7. Barros C.P. Evaluating the efficiency of a small hotel chain with a Malmquist productivity index. International Journal of Tourism Research 7 3 (2005) 173-184
8. Barros C.P. Measuring efficiency in the hotel sector. Annals of Tourism Research 32 2 (2005) 456-477
9. Barros C.P. Analyzing the rate of technical change in the Portuguese hotel industry. Tourism Economics 12 3 (2006) 325-346
10. Barros C.P., and Matias A. Assessing the efficiency of travel agencies with a stochastic cost frontier: a Portuguese case study. International Journal of Tourism Research 8 5 (2006) 367-379
11. Briedenhann J., and Wickens E. Tourism routes as a tool for the economic development of rural areas - vibrant hope or impossible dream?. Tourism Management 25 1 (2004) 71-79
12. Charles K.N., and Paul S. Competition, privatization and productive efficiency: evidence from the airline industry. The Economic Journal 111 473 (2001) 591-619
13. Charnes A., Cooper W.W., Lewin A.Y., and Seiford L.M. Data envelopment analysis: theory, methodology, and applications (1994), Kluwer, Boston
14. Charnes A., Cooper W.W., and Rhodes E. Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European Journal of Operational Research 2 6 (1978) 429-444
15. Charnes A., Cooper W.W., and Rhodes E. Evaluating program and managerial efficiency: an application of data envelopment analysis to program follow through. Management Science 27 6 (1981) 668-697
16. Chen C.K., Gao Y.G., and Yu K.J. A study on tourism development of the DanXia scenic district. Acta Geographica Sinica 45 3 (1990) 284-294
17. Chen W.J., and Huang G.W. Discussion on the concessionary management of national parks. Journal of Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University 6 (2006) 34-37
18. Chiang W.E. A hotel performance evaluation of Taipei international tourist hotels - using data envelopment analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 11 1 (2006) 29-42
19. Coelli T.J. A guide to FRONTIER version 4.1: A computer program for frontier production function estimation. CEPA working paper 96/07 (1996), Department of Econometrics, University of New England, Armidale
20. Cooper W.W., Seiford L.L., and Tone K. Data envelopment analysis (2000), Kluwer, Boston
21. Deying Z., Yanagida J.F., Chakravorty U., and Ping S.L. Estimating economic impacts from tourism. Annals of Tourism Research 24 1 (1997) 76-89
22. Dong J., Yang D.Y., Wang P., and Jiang X.W. Discussion on the meaning and value of protection of national parks near city - taking Zhongshan National Parks in Nanjing as an example. Economic Geography 26 1 (2006) 137-139
23. Durbarry R. Tourism and economic growth: the case of Mauritius. Tourism Economics 10 4 (2004) 389-401
24. Dwyer L., and Forsyth P. Estimating the employment impacts of tourism to a nation. Tourism Recreation Research 23 2 (1998) 1-12
25. Dwyer L., Forsyth P., Spurr R., and Vanho T. Tourism's contribution to a state economy: a multi-regional general equilibrium analysis. Tourism Economics 9 4 (2003) 431-448
26. Färe R., Grosskopf S., and Lovel C.A.K. Production frontier (1994), Cambridge University Press, New York
27. Golany B., and Roll Y.A. Incorporating standards via DEA. In: Charnes A., Cooper W.W., Lewin A.Y., and Seiford L.M. (Eds). Data envelopment analysis: Theory, methodology and applications (1994), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell 313-328
28. Greenley D.A., Walsh R.G., and Young R.A. Option value: empirical evidence from a case study of recreation and water quality. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 96 November (1981) 657-672
29. Guo Y.Y., and Zheng J.X. To abate the paradox between the protection and development of Chinese national park - taking Luo Fu Mountain as an example. Chinese Construction 9 (2006) 69-71
30. Halme M., Joro T., Korhonen P., Salo S., and Wallenius J. A value efficiency approach to incorporating preference information in data envelopment analysis. Management Science 45 1 (1999) 103-115
31. Hwang I.S., and Chi D.J. Relationships among internal marketing, employee job satisfaction and international hotel performance: an empirical study. International Journal of Management 22 2 (2005) 285-293
32. Hwang S.N., and Chang T.Y. Using data envelopment analysis to measure hotel managerial efficiency change in Taiwan. Tourism Management 24 4 (2003) 357-369
33. Jin G., and Ding D.S. Primary study on indices system of tourism operating, managing and controlling of national parks. Journal of NanJing University (Philosophy, Humanities and Social Sciences) 35 4 (1998) 126-129
34. Köksal C.D., and Aksu A.A. Efficiency evaluation of A-group travel agencies with data envelopment analysis (DEA): a case study in the Antalya region, Turkey. Tourism Management 28 3 (2007) 830-834
35. Lee C.K., and Han S.H. Estimating the use and preservation values of national parks' tourism resources using a contingent valuation method. Tourism Management 23 5 (2002) 531-540
36. Lewin A.Y., and Minton J.W. Determining organizational effectiveness: another look, and an agenda for research. Management Science 32 5 (1986) 514-538
37. Li, F. M. S. (2005). Chinese common knowledge, tourism and natural landscapes: Gazing in 'Bie you tian di' - an altogether different world. Unpublished doctoral thesis, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia.
38. Li, F. M. S. & Sofield, T. Huangshan - cultural gazes. In: C. Ryan & H. Gu (Eds), Tourism in China: Destinations, culture and communities. New York: Routledge, in press.
39. Ma X.L., and Yang X.J. A study on the 4A tourism area (spots) in China: spatial characteristics and industrial distribution. Economic Geography 23 5 (2003) 713-716
40. Marshall A. Principles of economics (1920), Macmillan and Co., Ltd., London
41. Morey R.C., and Dittman D.A. Evaluating a hotel GM's performance: a case study in benchmarking. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly 36 5 (1995) 30-35
42. Narayan P.K. Economic impact of tourism on Fiji's economy: empirical evidence from the computable general equilibrium model. Tourism Economics 10 4 (2004) 419-433
43. National Department of Construction. Urban construction statistic annual report of China 2007 (2007), China Construction Industry Press, Beijing
44. People's Daily. (1998). Report on the economic working conference of Central Committee of CCP. 1998-12-06-(1).
45. Preda P., and Watts T. Improving the efficiency of sporting venues through capacity management: the case of the Sydney (Australia) cricket ground trust. Event Management 8 2 (2003) 83-89
46. Qiu, B. X. (2006). Report on the renovation of national parks. http://www.cin.gov.cn/ldjh/jsld/200701/t20070109_40317.htm. Accessed 11.5.07.
47. Ryan C. Recreational Tourism (1991), Routledge, London
48. Ryan, C., Gu, H., & Meng, F. Destination planning in China. In: C. Ryan & H. Gu (Eds), Tourism in China: Destinations, culture and communities. New York: Routledge, in press.
49. Sarkis J., and Talluri S. Performance based clustering for benchmarking of US airports. Transportation Research Part A 38 5 (2004) 329-346
50. Say J. Conspectus of political economics (1803) (1963), Commercial Press, Beijing
51. Shao Q.W. Yearbook of tourism statistics (2006), Chinese Tourism Press, Beijing
52. Smith S.L.J. Recreational geography (1983), Longman, Harlow
53. Smith S.L.J. Tourism analysis (1989), Longman, Harlow
54. Sofield T., and Li F.M.S. China: ecotourism and cultural tourism, harmony or dissonance. In: Higham J. (Ed). Critical issues in ecotourism: Understanding a complex tourism phenomenon (2007), Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford 368-385
55. State Department. (2006). Rule of national parks.
56. Stefan G., Paul P., Jean P.C., Ghislain D., Trista P., and Robert B.R. The eco-efficiency of tourism. Ecological Economics 54 15 (2005) 417-434
57. Tsaur S.H., Chiang C.I., and Chang T.Y. Evaluating the operating efficiency of international tourist hotels using the modified DEA model. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 14 1 (1999) 73-78
58. Wo{combining double acute accent}ber K.W. Data envelopment analysis. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing 21 4 (2007) 91-108
59. Wagner J.E. Estimating the economic impacts of tourism. Annals of Tourism Research 24 3 (1997) 592-608
60. Wang D.G., Lu L., and Liu C.X. A study on improving the present management system of scenic areas in China: taking Tianzhushan national park as an example. Tourism Tribune 18 3 (2003) 67-72
61. Wang F.C., Huang W.T., and Shang J.K. Measuring pure managerial efficiency of inter national tourist hotels in Taiwan. The Service Industries Journal 26 1 (2006) 59-71
62. Wang X.R., and Bai F.Z. The operating right of Chinese national parks - something must be addressed. Tourism Management (Chinese) 6 (2002) 55-57
63. Wang Y.L., and Yang X.J. Study on tourism sustainable development of national parks general planning - take Shuanglong National Park as an example, in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province. Resources Science 21 1 (1999) 37-43
64. Wang Z., Zhou W., and Li S. An analysis for market area of Chinese national park based on railway corridor. Acta Geographica Sinica 56 2 (2001) 206-213
65. Weber A. The theory of the location of industries (1929), Chicago University Press, Chicago
66. Wei Q.L. Efficiency evaluating method: DEA - a new field of operational research (1998), China Renmin University Press, Beijing
67. Xu F.F., Liu P.L., and Bai X.C. Applying "entropy technical based on AHP" to national parks planning evaluation. Geographical Research 23 3 (2004) 395-402
68. Yu D.S., and Guo Y. The planning of national park Wutai Mountain. Urban Planning 1 (1988) 42-43
69. Zhang C., and Yang B.G. Computation geography (1991), High Education Press, Beijing
70. Zhang, C. Z., Xu, H. G., Su, B. T., & Ryan, C. (2008). Visitors' perceptions of the use of cable cars and lifts in Wulingyuan World Heritage Site, China. Paper presented at the Asia Pacific Tourism Association Conference, Bangkok.
71. Zhang S.Y. An analysis of government's regulation of the tourism resources in national parks. Journal of Shandong Normal University (Natural Science) 20 1 (2005) 75-77
72. Zhang X.Q., Li H., and Dong X.W. Study on the theory of tourist resistance side. Scientia Geographica Sinica 23 2 (2003) 240-244
73. Zhao C.G. The tourism planning assumption on national park of "Three mountains and one town" in Dazu, Sichuan Province. Urban Planning 3 (1982) 47-50
74. Zhao Y.J. Consideration on the governmental system of national parks. Planner 17 1 (2001) 91-95
75. Zhong, L., Deng, J., Xiang, B. (in press). Zhangjiajie National Park - evolution and the destination life cycle. Tourism Management, doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2007.10.002
76. Zhuge R. Questionnaire survey on participation of local communities in nature reserve management. (pp. 76-85). In: Chinese National Committee for MAB (Ed). Study of sustainable policy for China's nature reserves - Chinese National Committee for man and the biosphere programme (2000) Beijing