메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 1079-1092

Tachyphylaxis to cisatracurium - Case reports and literature review -

Author keywords

Cisatracurium; Critically ill; Intensive care unit; Neuromuscular blocking agents; Tachyphylaxis

Indexed keywords

ATRACURIUM; CISATRACURIUM; DRUG DERIVATIVE; NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING AGENT;

EID: 56049121956     PISSN: 05440440     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (4)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 0028302141 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged paralysis in intensive care unit patients after the use of neuromuscular blocking agents: A review of the literature
    • WAITING SM, DASTA JF: Prolonged paralysis in intensive care unit patients after the use of neuromuscular blocking agents: a review of the literature. Crit care Med; 22:884-893, 1994.
    • (1994) Crit care Med , vol.22 , pp. 884-893
    • WAITING, S.M.1    DASTA, J.F.2
  • 2
    • 0029919453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute myopathy of intensive care: Clinical, electromyographic, and pathologic aspects
    • LACOMIS D, GIULIANI MJ, VAN COTT A, et al: Acute myopathy of intensive care: clinical, electromyographic, and pathologic aspects. Ann Neurol; 40:645-654, 1996.
    • (1996) Ann Neurol , vol.40 , pp. 645-654
    • LACOMIS, D.1    GIULIANI, M.J.2    VAN COTT, A.3
  • 3
    • 0031415031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute weakness syndromes in critically ill patients-a reappraisal
    • NATES J, COOPER D, DAY B, etal: Acute weakness syndromes in critically ill patients-a reappraisal. Anaesth Intensive Care; 25:502-513, 1997.
    • (1997) Anaesth Intensive Care , vol.25 , pp. 502-513
    • NATES, J.1    COOPER, D.2    DAY, B.3
  • 4
    • 0031813387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged weakness after cisatracurium infusion: A case report
    • DAVIS NA, RODOERS JE, GONZALEZ ER, et al: Prolonged weakness after cisatracurium infusion: a case report. Crit Care Med; 26:1290-1292, 1998.
    • (1998) Crit Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 1290-1292
    • DAVIS, N.A.1    RODOERS, J.E.2    GONZALEZ, E.R.3
  • 5
    • 0028273402 scopus 로고
    • Prolonged weakness after infusion of atracurium in two intensive care unit patients
    • MEYER KC, PRIELIPP RC, GROSSMAN JE, et al: Prolonged weakness after infusion of atracurium in two intensive care unit patients. Anesth Analg; 78:772-774, 1994.
    • (1994) Anesth Analg , vol.78 , pp. 772-774
    • MEYER, K.C.1    PRIELIPP, R.C.2    GROSSMAN, J.E.3
  • 6
    • 15844414334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical illness myopathy and neuropathy
    • LATRONICO N, FENZI F, RECUPERO D, et al: Critical illness myopathy and neuropathy. Lancet; 347:1579-1582, 1996.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.347 , pp. 1579-1582
    • LATRONICO, N.1    FENZI, F.2    RECUPERO, D.3
  • 7
    • 0028232877 scopus 로고
    • Muscle weakness and difficulty in weaning from the ventilator in the critical care unit
    • BOLTON CF: Muscle weakness and difficulty in weaning from the ventilator in the critical care unit. Chest; 106:1-2, 1994.
    • (1994) Chest , vol.106 , pp. 1-2
    • BOLTON, C.F.1
  • 8
    • 0028899819 scopus 로고
    • Doxacurium infusion in critically ill patients with atracurium tachyphylaxis
    • COURSIN DB, MEYER DA, PRIELIPP RC: Doxacurium infusion in critically ill patients with atracurium tachyphylaxis. Am J Health Syst Pharm; 52:635-639, 1995.
    • (1995) Am J Health Syst Pharm , vol.52 , pp. 635-639
    • COURSIN, D.B.1    MEYER, D.A.2    PRIELIPP, R.C.3
  • 9
    • 0030667462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-resistance to both atracurium-and vecuronium-induced NMB in a critically ill patient
    • FISH DN, SINGLETARY TJ: Cross-resistance to both atracurium-and vecuronium-induced NMB in a critically ill patient. Pharmacotherapy; 17:1322-1327, 1997.
    • (1997) Pharmacotherapy , vol.17 , pp. 1322-1327
    • FISH, D.N.1    SINGLETARY, T.J.2
  • 10
    • 0029033342 scopus 로고
    • Atracurium resistance in a critically ill patient
    • TSCHIDA SJ, HOEY LL, NAHUM A, et al: Atracurium resistance in a critically ill patient. Pharmacotherapy; 15:533-539, 1995.
    • (1995) Pharmacotherapy , vol.15 , pp. 533-539
    • TSCHIDA, S.J.1    HOEY, L.L.2    NAHUM, A.3
  • 11
    • 0032484956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a protective-ventilation strategy on mortality in the acute respiratory distress syndrome
    • AMATO MB, BARBAS CS, MEDEIROS DM, etal: Effect of a protective-ventilation strategy on mortality in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. NEngl J Med; 338:347-354, 1998.
    • (1998) NEngl J Med , vol.338 , pp. 347-354
    • AMATO, M.B.1    BARBAS, C.S.2    MEDEIROS, D.M.3
  • 12
    • 0032814036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective evaluation of the Sedation-Agitation Scale for adult critically ill patients
    • RIKER RR, PICARD JT, FRASER GL: Prospective evaluation of the Sedation-Agitation Scale for adult critically ill patients. Crit Care Med; 27:1325-1329, 1999.
    • (1999) Crit Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 1325-1329
    • RIKER, R.R.1    PICARD, J.T.2    FRASER, G.L.3
  • 13
    • 0000402120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joints Section on Neurotrauma and Critical Care. Povlishock JT (ed): Management and Prognosis of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
    • Brain Trauma Foundation, American Association of Neurological Surgeons
    • Brain Trauma Foundation, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Joints Section on Neurotrauma and Critical Care. Povlishock JT (ed): Management and Prognosis of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma; 17:449-627, 2000.
    • (2000) J Neurotrauma , vol.17 , pp. 449-627
  • 14
    • 0036157636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice guidelines for sustained neuromuscular blockade in the adult critically ill patient
    • MURRAY MJ, COWEN J, DEBLOCK H, et al: Clinical practice guidelines for sustained neuromuscular blockade in the adult critically ill patient. Crit Care Med; 30(1):142-156, 2002.
    • (2002) Crit Care Med , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 142-156
    • MURRAY, M.J.1    COWEN, J.2    DEBLOCK, H.3
  • 15
    • 0029145397 scopus 로고
    • Rocuronium bromide in the ICU: Dose finding and pharmacokinetics
    • KHUENL-BRADY KS, SPARR H, PUHRINGER F, et al: Rocuronium bromide in the ICU: dose finding and pharmacokinetics. Eur J Anaesthesiol Suppl; 11:79-80, 1995.
    • (1995) Eur J Anaesthesiol Suppl , vol.11 , pp. 79-80
    • KHUENL-BRADY, K.S.1    SPARR, H.2    PUHRINGER, F.3
  • 16
    • 0031057256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of rocuronium in intensive care patients
    • SPARR HJ, WIERDA JMKH, PROOST JH, et al : Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of rocuronium in intensive care patients. Br J Anaesth; 78:267-273, 1997.
    • (1997) Br J Anaesth , vol.78 , pp. 267-273
    • SPARR, H.J.1    WIERDA, J.M.K.H.2    PROOST, J.H.3
  • 17
    • 0028958212 scopus 로고
    • Double-blind, randomized, multicenter study of doxacurium vs. pancuronium in intensive care unit patients who require neuromuscular-blocking agents
    • MURRAY MJ, COURSIN DB, SCUDERI PE, et al: Double-blind, randomized, multicenter study of doxacurium vs. pancuronium in intensive care unit patients who require neuromuscular-blocking agents. Crit Care Med; 23:450-458, 1995.
    • (1995) Crit Care Med , vol.23 , pp. 450-458
    • MURRAY, M.J.1    COURSIN, D.B.2    SCUDERI, P.E.3
  • 18
    • 0028288001 scopus 로고
    • Long-term administration of pancuronium and pipecuronium in the intensive care unit
    • KHUENL-BRADY KS, REITSTATTER B, SCHLAGER A, et al: Long-term administration of pancuronium and pipecuronium in the intensive care unit. Anesth Analg; 78:1082-1086, 1994.
    • (1994) Anesth Analg , vol.78 , pp. 1082-1086
    • KHUENL-BRADY, K.S.1    REITSTATTER, B.2    SCHLAGER, A.3
  • 19
    • 0030944946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aprospective, randomized, controlled evaluation of peripheral nerve stimulation versus standard clinical dosing of neuromuscular blocking agents in critically ill patients
    • RUDIS MI, SIKORA CP, ANGUS E, etal: Aprospective, randomized, controlled evaluation of peripheral nerve stimulation versus standard clinical dosing of neuromuscular blocking agents in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med; 25:575-583, 1997.
    • (1997) Crit Care Med , vol.25 , pp. 575-583
    • RUDIS, M.I.1    SIKORA, C.P.2    ANGUS, E.3
  • 20
    • 0029073987 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the infusion requirements and recovery profiles of vecuronium and cisatracurium 51 W 89 in intensive care unit patients
    • PRIELIPP RC, COURSIN DB, SCUDERI PE, et al: Comparison of the infusion requirements and recovery profiles of vecuronium and cisatracurium 51 W 89 in intensive care unit patients. Anesth Analg; 81:3-12, 1995.
    • (1995) Anesth Analg , vol.81 , pp. 3-12
    • PRIELIPP, R.C.1    COURSIN, D.B.2    SCUDERI, P.E.3
  • 21
    • 0029988636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic of cisatracurium in patients with end-stage liver disease undergoing liver transplantation
    • DE WLOF AM, FREEMAN JA, SCOTT VL, et al: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic of cisatracurium in patients with end-stage liver disease undergoing liver transplantation. Br J Anaesth; 76:624-628, 1996.
    • (1996) Br J Anaesth , vol.76 , pp. 624-628
    • DE WLOF, A.M.1    FREEMAN, J.A.2    SCOTT, V.L.3
  • 22
    • 0030055084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The infusion requirements and recovery characteristics of cisatracurium ar atracurium in intensive care patients
    • PEARSON AJ, HARPER NJ, POLLARD BJ: The infusion requirements and recovery characteristics of cisatracurium ar atracurium in intensive care patients. Intensive Care Med; 22:694-698, 1996.
    • (1996) Intensive Care Med , vol.22 , pp. 694-698
    • PEARSON, A.J.1    HARPER, N.J.2    POLLARD, B.J.3
  • 23
    • 0030067184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of and infusion of cisatracurium (51 W 89) or atracurium in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in a intensive therapy unit
    • BOYD AH, EASTWOOD NB, PARKER CJ, et al: Comparison of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of and infusion of cisatracurium (51 W 89) or atracurium in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in a intensive therapy unit. Br J Anaesth; 76:382-388, 1996.
    • (1996) Br J Anaesth , vol.76 , pp. 382-388
    • BOYD, A.H.1    EASTWOOD, N.B.2    PARKER, C.J.3
  • 24
    • 0030855681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • comparison of cisatracurium (51 W 89) and atracurium by infusion in critically ill patients
    • NEWMAN PJ, QUINN AC, GROUNDS RM, et al: comparison of cisatracurium (51 W 89) and atracurium by infusion in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med; 25:1139-1142, 1997.
    • (1997) Crit Care Med , vol.25 , pp. 1139-1142
    • NEWMAN, P.J.1    QUINN, A.C.2    GROUNDS, R.M.3
  • 25
    • 0031975330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SCHRAMM WM, PAPOUSEK a, MICHALEK- SAUBERER A, et al: The cerebral and cardiovascular effects of cisatracurium and atracurium in neurosurgical patients. Anesth Analg; 86:123-127, 1998.
    • SCHRAMM WM, PAPOUSEK a, MICHALEK- SAUBERER A, et al: The cerebral and cardiovascular effects of cisatracurium and atracurium in neurosurgical patients. Anesth Analg; 86:123-127, 1998.
  • 26
    • 0030797179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose response, recovery, and cost of doxacurium as a continuous in neurosurgical intensive care unit patients
    • PRIELIPP RC, ROBINSON JC, WILSON JA, et al: Dose response, recovery, and cost of doxacurium as a continuous in neurosurgical intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med; 25:1236-1241, 1997.
    • (1997) Crit Care Med , vol.25 , pp. 1236-1241
    • PRIELIPP, R.C.1    ROBINSON, J.C.2    WILSON, J.A.3
  • 27
    • 0028274249 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of neuromuscular recovery after paralysis with atracurium versus vecuronium in a ICU patient with renal insufficiency
    • PRIELIPP RC, JACKSON MJ, COURSIN DB: Comparison of neuromuscular recovery after paralysis with atracurium versus vecuronium in a ICU patient with renal insufficiency. Anesth Analg; 78:775-778, 1994.
    • (1994) Anesth Analg , vol.78 , pp. 775-778
    • PRIELIPP, R.C.1    JACKSON, M.J.2    COURSIN, D.B.3
  • 28
    • 0031030603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxygen delivery, oxygen consumption, and gastric intramucosal pH are not improved by a compuptcr-controlled, closed-loop, vecuronium infusion in severe sepsis
    • FREEBAIM RC, DERRICK J, GOMERSALL CD, et al: Oxygen delivery, oxygen consumption, and gastric intramucosal pH are not improved by a compuptcr-controlled, closed-loop, vecuronium infusion in severe sepsis. Crit Care Med; 25:72-77.
    • Crit Care Med , vol.25 , pp. 72-77
    • FREEBAIM, R.C.1    DERRICK, J.2    GOMERSALL, C.D.3
  • 29
    • 0029897493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents
    • TSCHIDA SJ, GRAIJPE KJ, HOEY LL, et al: Resistance to nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. Pharmacotherapy; 16:409-418, 1996.
    • (1996) Pharmacotherapy , vol.16 , pp. 409-418
    • TSCHIDA, S.J.1    GRAIJPE, K.J.2    HOEY, L.L.3
  • 30
    • 0023252198 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of acetylcholine receptor concentration in skeletal muscle from a patient with multiple sclerosis and resistance to atracurium
    • BRETT RS, SCHMIDT JH, GAGE JS, et al: Measurement of acetylcholine receptor concentration in skeletal muscle from a patient with multiple sclerosis and resistance to atracurium. Anesthesiology; 66:837-839, 1987.
    • (1987) Anesthesiology , vol.66 , pp. 837-839
    • BRETT, R.S.1    SCHMIDT, J.H.2    GAGE, J.S.3
  • 31
    • 0025836364 scopus 로고
    • Resistance to vecuronium in patients with cerebral palsy
    • MOORTHY SS, KRISHNA G, DIERDORF SF: Resistance to vecuronium in patients with cerebral palsy. Anesth Analg; 73:275-277, 1991.
    • (1991) Anesth Analg , vol.73 , pp. 275-277
    • MOORTHY, S.S.1    KRISHNA, G.2    DIERDORF, S.F.3
  • 32
    • 0021889308 scopus 로고
    • Decreased sensitivity to metocurine in patients with upper motomeuron disease
    • SHAYEVITZ JR, MATTEO RS: Decreased sensitivity to metocurine in patients with upper motomeuron disease. Anesth Analg; 64:767-772, 1985.
    • (1985) Anesth Analg , vol.64 , pp. 767-772
    • SHAYEVITZ, J.R.1    MATTEO, R.S.2
  • 33
    • 0019313118 scopus 로고
    • Resistance to nondepolarizing muscle relaxants in paretic upper extremities of patients with residual hemiplegia
    • MOORTHY SS, HILGENBERO JC: Resistance to nondepolarizing muscle relaxants in paretic upper extremities of patients with residual hemiplegia. Anesth Analg; 59:624-627, 1980.
    • (1980) Anesth Analg , vol.59 , pp. 624-627
    • MOORTHY, S.S.1    HILGENBERO, J.C.2
  • 34
    • 0021882449 scopus 로고
    • Response differences of paretic and healthy extremities to pancuronium and neostigmine in hemiplegic patients
    • IWASAKI H, NAMIKI A, OMOTE K, et al: Response differences of paretic and healthy extremities to pancuronium and neostigmine in hemiplegic patients. Anesth Analg; 64:864-866, 1985.
    • (1985) Anesth Analg , vol.64 , pp. 864-866
    • IWASAKI, H.1    NAMIKI, A.2    OMOTE, K.3
  • 35
    • 0027953472 scopus 로고
    • Hypo-and hypersensitivity to vecuronium in a patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome
    • FIACCHINO F, GEMMA M, BRICCHI M, et al: Hypo-and hypersensitivity to vecuronium in a patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Anesth Analg; 78:187-189, 1994.
    • (1994) Anesth Analg , vol.78 , pp. 187-189
    • FIACCHINO, F.1    GEMMA, M.2    BRICCHI, M.3
  • 36
    • 0026538648 scopus 로고
    • Up-and down-regulation of skeletal muscle acetylcholine receptors: Effects on neuromuscular blockers
    • MARTYN JAJ, WHITE DA, GRONET GA, et al: Up-and down-regulation of skeletal muscle acetylcholine receptors: effects on neuromuscular blockers. Anesthesiology; 76:822-843, 1992.
    • (1992) Anesthesiology , vol.76 , pp. 822-843
    • MARTYN, J.A.J.1    WHITE, D.A.2    GRONET, G.A.3
  • 37
    • 0020428419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • YAMASHITA M, SHIGA T, MATSUKI, OYAMA T: Unusual resistance to pancuronium in severely burned patients: case reports. Can Anaesth Soc J; 29:630-631, 1982.
    • YAMASHITA M, SHIGA T, MATSUKI, OYAMA T: Unusual resistance to pancuronium in severely burned patients: case reports. Can Anaesth Soc J; 29:630-631, 1982.
  • 38
    • 85081516111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LAGASSE RS, GAGEJS, SCHARTEL SA: Acetylcholine receptors and resistance to atracurium in humans with thermal injury [abstr]. Anesth Analg; 70:S222, 1990.
    • LAGASSE RS, GAGEJS, SCHARTEL SA: Acetylcholine receptors and resistance to atracurium in humans with thermal injury [abstr]. Anesth Analg; 70:S222, 1990.
  • 39
    • 0024560557 scopus 로고
    • Effects of thermal injury on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of atracurium in humans
    • MARATHE PH, DWERSTEG JF, PAVLIN EG, et al: Effects of thermal injury on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of atracurium in humans. Anesthesiology; 70:752-755, 1989.
    • (1989) Anesthesiology , vol.70 , pp. 752-755
    • MARATHE, P.H.1    DWERSTEG, J.F.2    PAVLIN, E.G.3
  • 40
    • 0023875569 scopus 로고
    • Burn injury to rat increases nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the diaphragm
    • KIM C, FUKE N, MARTYN JAJ: Burn injury to rat increases nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the diaphragm. Anesthesiology; 68:401-406, 1988.
    • (1988) Anesthesiology , vol.68 , pp. 401-406
    • KIM, C.1    FUKE, N.2    MARTYN, J.A.J.3
  • 41
    • 0032993843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to vecuronium in burned children
    • UYAR M, HEPAGUSLAR H, UGUR G, et al: Resistance to vecuronium in burned children. Paediatr Anaesth; 9:115-118, 1999.
    • (1999) Paediatr Anaesth , vol.9 , pp. 115-118
    • UYAR, M.1    HEPAGUSLAR, H.2    UGUR, G.3
  • 42
    • 0023756344 scopus 로고
    • Resistance to atracurium in thermally injured rats
    • PAVLIN EG, HASCHKE RH, MARATHE PH, et al: Resistance to atracurium in thermally injured rats. Anesthesiology; 69:696-701, 1988.
    • (1988) Anesthesiology , vol.69 , pp. 696-701
    • PAVLIN, E.G.1    HASCHKE, R.H.2    MARATHE, P.H.3
  • 43
    • 0032952159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to vecuronium after immobilization
    • HEPAGUSLAR H, UYAR M, UOUR G, et al: Resistance to vecuronium after immobilization. Paediatr Anaesth; 9:94-95, 1999.
    • (1999) Paediatr Anaesth , vol.9 , pp. 94-95
    • HEPAGUSLAR, H.1    UYAR, M.2    UOUR, G.3
  • 44
    • 0025061338 scopus 로고
    • Resistance to d-tubocurarine in lower motor neuron injury is related to increased acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction
    • HOGUE CW, ITANI MS, MARTYN JAJ: Resistance to d-tubocurarine in lower motor neuron injury is related to increased acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction. Anesthesiology; 73:703-709, 1990.
    • (1990) Anesthesiology , vol.73 , pp. 703-709
    • HOGUE, C.W.1    ITANI, M.S.2    MARTYN, J.A.J.3
  • 45
    • 0023758293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HICKEYDR, SANGWAN S, BEVAN JC: Phcnytoin-induced resistance to pancuronium. Use of atracurium infusion in management of a neurosurgical patient. Anaesthesia; 43:757-759, 1988.
    • HICKEYDR, SANGWAN S, BEVAN JC: Phcnytoin-induced resistance to pancuronium. Use of atracurium infusion in management of a neurosurgical patient. Anaesthesia; 43:757-759, 1988.
  • 46
    • 0024600675 scopus 로고
    • Phenytoin-induced resistance to vecuronium
    • KUMAR CM, LAWLER PG: Phenytoin-induced resistance to vecuronium. Anaesthesia; 44:263-264, 1989.
    • (1989) Anaesthesia , vol.44 , pp. 263-264
    • KUMAR, C.M.1    LAWLER, P.G.2
  • 47
    • 0026785180 scopus 로고
    • Decreased sensitivity to metocurine during long-term phenytoin therapy may be attributable to protein binding and acetylcholine receptor changes
    • KIM CS, ARNOLD FJ, ITANI MS, etal: Decreased sensitivity to metocurine during long-term phenytoin therapy may be attributable to protein binding and acetylcholine receptor changes. Anesthesiology; 77:500-506, 1992.
    • (1992) Anesthesiology , vol.77 , pp. 500-506
    • KIM, C.S.1    ARNOLD, F.J.2    ITANI, M.S.3
  • 48
    • 0026574112 scopus 로고
    • Tolerance and upregulation of acetylcholine receptors follow chronic infusion of d-tubocurarine
    • HOGUE CW, WARD JM, ITANI MS, et al: Tolerance and upregulation of acetylcholine receptors follow chronic infusion of d-tubocurarine. J Appl Physiol; 72:1326-1331, 1992.
    • (1992) J Appl Physiol , vol.72 , pp. 1326-1331
    • HOGUE, C.W.1    WARD, J.M.2    ITANI, M.S.3
  • 49
    • 0016777197 scopus 로고
    • Effects of chronic treatment with various neuromuscular blocking agents on the number and distribution of acetylcholine receptors in the rat diaphragm
    • CHANG CC, CHUANG S, HUANG MC: Effects of chronic treatment with various neuromuscular blocking agents on the number and distribution of acetylcholine receptors in the rat diaphragm. J Physiol; 250:161-173, 1975.
    • (1975) J Physiol , vol.250 , pp. 161-173
    • CHANG, C.C.1    CHUANG, S.2    HUANG, M.C.3
  • 50
    • 0016430328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased extrajunctional acetylcholine sensitivity produced by chronic postsynaptic neuromuscular blockade
    • BERG DK, HALL ZW: Increased extrajunctional acetylcholine sensitivity produced by chronic postsynaptic neuromuscular blockade. J Physiol; 244:659-676.
    • J Physiol , vol.244 , pp. 659-676
    • BERG, D.K.1    HALL, Z.W.2
  • 51
    • 0016759499 scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholine receptors in normal and denervated rat diaphragm muscle. II. Comparison of junctional and extrajunctional receptors
    • BROOKES JP, HALL ZW: Acetylcholine receptors in normal and denervated rat diaphragm muscle. II. Comparison of junctional and extrajunctional receptors. Biochemistry; 14:2100-2106, 1975.
    • (1975) Biochemistry , vol.14 , pp. 2100-2106
    • BROOKES, J.P.1    HALL, Z.W.2
  • 52
    • 0023986105 scopus 로고
    • Immunological evidence for a change in subunits of acetylcholine receptor in developing and denervated rat muscle
    • GU Y, HALL ZW: Immunological evidence for a change in subunits of acetylcholine receptor in developing and denervated rat muscle. Neuron; 1:117-125, 1988.
    • (1988) Neuron , vol.1 , pp. 117-125
    • GU, Y.1    HALL, Z.W.2
  • 53
    • 0024785264 scopus 로고
    • Increased requirements for continuously infused vecuronium in critically ill patients
    • COURSIN DB, KLASEK G, GOELZER SL: Increased requirements for continuously infused vecuronium in critically ill patients. Anesth Analg; 69:518-521, 1989.
    • (1989) Anesth Analg , vol.69 , pp. 518-521
    • COURSIN, D.B.1    KLASEK, G.2    GOELZER, S.L.3
  • 54
    • 0027216906 scopus 로고
    • Response to pancuronium after loss of atracuriuminduced neuromuscular blockade
    • KELLY KJ, CLARENS DM, KOHLS PR, et al: Response to pancuronium after loss of atracuriuminduced neuromuscular blockade. Ann Pharmacother; 27:862-865, 1993.
    • (1993) Ann Pharmacother , vol.27 , pp. 862-865
    • KELLY, K.J.1    CLARENS, D.M.2    KOHLS, P.R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.