-
1
-
-
33645034358
-
A comparison of variability and population structure for major histocompability complex and microsatellite loci in California coastal steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum)
-
Aguilar A, Garza C (2006) A comparison of variability and population structure for major histocompability complex and microsatellite loci in California coastal steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum). Molecular Ecology, 15, 923 937.
-
(2006)
Molecular Ecology
, vol.15
, pp. 923-937
-
-
Aguilar, A.1
Garza, C.2
-
2
-
-
1542723469
-
High MHC diversity maintained by balancing selection in an otherwise genetically monomorphic mammal
-
Aguilar A, Roemer G, Debenham S et al 2004) High MHC diversity maintained by balancing selection in an otherwise genetically monomorphic mammal. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 101, 3490 3494.
-
(2004)
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA
, vol.101
, pp. 3490-3494
-
-
Aguilar, A.1
Roemer, G.2
Debenham, S.3
Al, E.4
-
3
-
-
0042208362
-
Effect of recombination on the accuracy of the likelihood method for detecting positive selection at amino acid sites
-
Anisimova M, Nielsen R, Yang ZH (2003) Effect of recombination on the accuracy of the likelihood method for detecting positive selection at amino acid sites. Genetics, 164, 1229 1236.
-
(2003)
Genetics
, vol.164
, pp. 1229-1236
-
-
Anisimova, M.1
Nielsen, R.2
Yang, Z.H.3
-
4
-
-
33746675048
-
Sequence diversity of the MHC DRB gene in the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber
-
Babik W, Durka W, Radwan J (2005) Sequence diversity of the MHC DRB gene in the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber). Molecular Ecology, 14, 144249 144257.
-
(2005)
Molecular Ecology
, vol.14
, pp. 144249-144257
-
-
Babik, W.1
Durka, W.2
Radwan, J.3
-
5
-
-
43049108045
-
Contrasting patterns of variation in MHC loci in the Alpine newt
-
Babik W, Pabijan M, Radwan J (2008) Contrasting patterns of variation in MHC loci in the Alpine newt. Molecular Ecology, 17, 2339 2355.
-
(2008)
Molecular Ecology
, vol.17
, pp. 2339-2355
-
-
Babik, W.1
Pabijan, M.2
Radwan, J.3
-
8
-
-
50249174600
-
Genetic variability and the effect of habitat fragmentation in spotted suslik Spermophilus suslicus populations from two different regions
-
Biedrzycka A, Konopinski M (2008) Genetic variability and the effect of habitat fragmentation in spotted suslik Spermophilus suslicus populations from two different regions. Conservation Genetics, 9, 1211 1221.
-
(2008)
Conservation Genetics
, vol.9
, pp. 1211-1221
-
-
Biedrzycka, A.1
Konopinski, M.2
-
9
-
-
33646831806
-
Major histocompatibility alleles associated with local resistance to malaria in a passerine
-
Bonneaud C, Perez-Tris J, Federici P et al 2006) Major histocompatibility alleles associated with local resistance to malaria in a passerine. Evolution, 60, 383 389.
-
(2006)
Evolution
, vol.60
, pp. 383-389
-
-
Bonneaud, C.1
Perez-Tris, J.2
Federici, P.3
Al, E.4
-
11
-
-
0027217789
-
3-Dimensional structure of the human class-II histocompatibility antigen HLADR1
-
Brown JH, Jardetzky TS, Gorga JC et al 1993) 3-Dimensional structure of the human class-II histocompatibility antigen HLADR1. Nature, 364, 33 39.
-
(1993)
Nature
, vol.364
, pp. 33-39
-
-
Brown, J.H.1
Jardetzky, T.S.2
Gorga, J.C.3
Al, E.4
-
12
-
-
36348998788
-
Density-related changes in selection pattern for major histocompatibility complex genes in fluctuating populations of voles
-
Bryja J, Charbonnel N, Berthier K, Galan M, Cosson JF (2007) Density-related changes in selection pattern for major histocompatibility complex genes in fluctuating populations of voles. Molecular Ecology, 16, 5084 5097.
-
(2007)
Molecular Ecology
, vol.16
, pp. 5084-5097
-
-
Bryja, J.1
Charbonnel, N.2
Berthier, K.3
Galan, M.4
Cosson, J.F.5
-
13
-
-
33748887603
-
Genetic variation at MHC, mitochondrial and microsatellite loci in isolated populations of brown trout (Salmo Trutta
-
Campos JL, Posada D, Moran P (2006) Genetic variation at MHC, mitochondrial and microsatellite loci in isolated populations of brown trout (Salmo Trutta). Conservation Genetics, 7, 515 530.
-
(2006)
Conservation Genetics
, vol.7
, pp. 515-530
-
-
Campos, J.L.1
Posada, D.2
Moran, P.3
-
14
-
-
43849113256
-
Association between the DQA MHC class II gene and Puumala virus infection in Myodes glareolus, the bank vole
-
Deter J, Bryja J, Chaval Y et al 2008) Association between the DQA MHC class II gene and Puumala virus infection in Myodes glareolus, the bank vole. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 8, 450 458.
-
(2008)
Infection, Genetics and Evolution
, vol.8
, pp. 450-458
-
-
Deter, J.1
Bryja, J.2
Chaval, Y.3
Al, E.4
-
15
-
-
0016842119
-
Enhanced immunological surveillance in mice heterozygous at H-2 gene complex
-
Doherty PC, Zinkernagel RM (1975) Enhanced immunological surveillance in mice heterozygous at H-2 gene complex. Nature, 256, 50 52.
-
(1975)
Nature
, vol.256
, pp. 50-52
-
-
Doherty, P.C.1
Zinkernagel, R.M.2
-
16
-
-
33947503411
-
Spatial pattern of MHC class II variation in the great snipe (Gallinago media
-
Ekblom R, Saether SA, Jacobsson P et al 2007) Spatial pattern of MHC class II variation in the great snipe (Gallinago media). Molecular Ecology, 16, 1439 1451.
-
(2007)
Molecular Ecology
, vol.16
, pp. 1439-1451
-
-
Ekblom, R.1
Saether, S.A.2
Jacobsson, P.3
Al, E.4
-
17
-
-
0027172450
-
Major histocompatibility complex monomorphism and low-levels of DNA-fingerprinting variability in a reintroduced and rapidly expanding population of beavers
-
Ellegren H, Hartman G, Johansson M, Andersson L (1993) Major histocompatibility complex monomorphism and low-levels of DNA-fingerprinting variability in a reintroduced and rapidly expanding population of beavers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 90, 8150 8153.
-
(1993)
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA
, vol.90
, pp. 8150-8153
-
-
Ellegren, H.1
Hartman, G.2
Johansson, M.3
Andersson, L.4
-
18
-
-
33847065114
-
Detecting adaptive molecular polymorphism, lessons from the MHC
-
Garrigan D, Hedrick PW (2003) Detecting adaptive molecular polymorphism, lessons from the MHC. American Journal of Human Genetics, 73, 1199.
-
(2003)
American Journal of Human Genetics
, vol.73
, pp. 1199
-
-
Garrigan, D.1
Hedrick, P.W.2
-
19
-
-
33646888575
-
Suseł perełkowany Spermophilus suslicus
-
In: (ed. Głowaciński, Z.), pp. Państwowe wydawnictwa leśne i rolnicze, Warszawa, Poland.
-
Głowaciński Z, Měczyński S (2001) Suseł perełkowany Spermophilus suslicus. In : Polish Red Data Book of Animals (Vertebrates) (ed. Głowaciński Z.), pp. 305 318. Państwowe wydawnictwa leśne i rolnicze, Warszawa, Poland.
-
(2001)
Polish Red Data Book of Animals (Vertebrates)
, pp. 305-318
-
-
Głowaciński, Z.1
MěcZyński, S.2
-
20
-
-
50249177267
-
Sytuacja susła perełkowanego w Polsce - Zagrożenia i program ochrony
-
Gondek A (2004) Sytuacja susła perełkowanego w Polsce - zagrożenia i program ochrony. Biuletyn Monitoringu Przyrody, 1/2004, 21 27.
-
(2004)
Biuletyn Monitoringu Przyrody
, vol.1
, pp. 21-27
-
-
Gondek, A.1
-
21
-
-
33646896130
-
Polymorphic microsatellite markers for endangered spotted suslik, Spermophilus suslicus
-
Gondek A, Verduijn M, Wolff K (2006) Polymorphic microsatellite markers for endangered spotted suslik, Spermophilus suslicus. Molecular Ecology Notes, 6, 359 361.
-
(2006)
Molecular Ecology Notes
, vol.6
, pp. 359-361
-
-
Gondek, A.1
Verduijn, M.2
Wolff, K.3
-
22
-
-
85007320774
-
Fstat (v. 1.2): A computer program to calculate F-statistics
-
Goudet J (2002) fstat (v. 1.2): a computer program to calculate F-statistics. Journal of Heredity, 86, 485 486.
-
(2002)
Journal of Heredity
, vol.86
, pp. 485-486
-
-
Goudet, J.1
-
23
-
-
0002051540
-
BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT
-
Hall TA (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series, 41, 95 98.
-
(1999)
Nucleic Acids Symposium Series
, vol.41
, pp. 95-98
-
-
Hall, T.A.1
-
24
-
-
33947546580
-
Gene flow, effective population size and selection at major histocompatibility complex genes: Brown trout in the Hardanger Fjord, Norway
-
Hansen MM, Skaala O, Jensen LF, Bekkevold D, Mensberg KLD (2007) Gene flow, effective population size and selection at major histocompatibility complex genes: brown trout in the Hardanger Fjord, Norway. Molecular Ecology, 16, 1413 1425.
-
(2007)
Molecular Ecology
, vol.16
, pp. 1413-1425
-
-
Hansen, M.M.1
Skaala, O.2
Jensen, L.F.3
Bekkevold, D.4
Mensberg, K.L.D.5
-
25
-
-
0034526473
-
Microsatellite loci for two European sciurid species (Marmota marmota, Spermophilus citellus
-
Hanslik S, Kruckenhauser L (2000) Microsatellite loci for two European sciurid species (Marmota marmota, Spermophilus citellus). Molecular Ecology, 9, 2163 2165.
-
(2000)
Molecular Ecology
, vol.9
, pp. 2163-2165
-
-
Hanslik, S.1
Kruckenhauser, L.2
-
26
-
-
16644376279
-
Foxy MHC selection story
-
Hedrick P (2004) Foxy MHC selection story. Heredity, 93, 237 238.
-
(2004)
Heredity
, vol.93
, pp. 237-238
-
-
Hedrick, P.1
-
27
-
-
0003732734
-
-
4th edn. Current Biology Publications, London.
-
Janeway C, Travers P, Walport D, Capra J (1999) Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease, 4th edn. Current Biology Publications, London.
-
(1999)
Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease
-
-
Janeway, C.1
Travers, P.2
Walport, D.3
Capra, J.4
-
28
-
-
14844358868
-
HP-Rare 1.0: A computer program for performing rarefaction measures of allelic richness
-
Kalinowski ST (2005) HP-Rare 1.0: a computer program for performing rarefaction measures of allelic richness. Molecular Ecology Notes, 5, 187 189.
-
(2005)
Molecular Ecology Notes
, vol.5
, pp. 187-189
-
-
Kalinowski, S.T.1
-
29
-
-
0025276271
-
Nomenclature for the major histocompatibility complexes of different species - A proposal
-
Klein J, Bontrop RE, Dawkins RL et al 1990) Nomenclature for the major histocompatibility complexes of different species - a proposal. Immunogenetics, 31, 217 219.
-
(1990)
Immunogenetics
, vol.31
, pp. 217-219
-
-
Klein, J.1
Bontrop, R.E.2
Dawkins, R.L.3
Al, E.4
-
30
-
-
0242269850
-
Molecular phylogeny of the Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup
-
Ko WY, David RM, Akashi H (2003) Molecular phylogeny of the Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 57, 562 573.
-
(2003)
Journal of Molecular Evolution
, vol.57
, pp. 562-573
-
-
Ko, W.Y.1
David, R.M.2
Akashi, H.3
-
31
-
-
3242810318
-
Mega 3: Integrated software for molecular evolutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment
-
Kumar S, Tamura K, Nei M (2004) mega 3: integrated software for molecular evolutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment. Briefings in Bioinformatics, 5, 150 163.
-
(2004)
Briefings in Bioinformatics
, vol.5
, pp. 150-163
-
-
Kumar, S.1
Tamura, K.2
Nei, M.3
-
32
-
-
0034755842
-
Comparative analysis of population structure across environments and geographical scales at major histocompatibility complex and microsatellite loci in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar
-
Landry C, Bernatchez L (2001) Comparative analysis of population structure across environments and geographical scales at major histocompatibility complex and microsatellite loci in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Molecular Ecology, 10, 2525 2539.
-
(2001)
Molecular Ecology
, vol.10
, pp. 2525-2539
-
-
Landry, C.1
Bernatchez, L.2
-
34
-
-
0014054519
-
The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach
-
Mantel N (1967) The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach. Cancer Research, 27, 209 220.
-
(1967)
Cancer Research
, vol.27
, pp. 209-220
-
-
Mantel, N.1
-
35
-
-
0031128019
-
Characterization of microsatellite loci in the northern Idaho ground squirrel Spermophilus brunneus brunneus.
-
May B, Gavin TA, Sherman PW, Korves TM (1997) Characterization of microsatellite loci in the northern Idaho ground squirrel Spermophilus brunneus brunneus. Molecular Ecology, 6, 399 400.
-
(1997)
Molecular Ecology
, vol.6
, pp. 399-400
-
-
May, B.1
Gavin, T.A.2
Sherman, P.W.3
Korves, T.M.4
-
36
-
-
0034751729
-
The correlation between linkage disequilibrium and distance: Implications for recombination in hominid mitochondria
-
Meunier J, Eyre-Walker A (2001) The correlation between linkage disequilibrium and distance: implications for recombination in hominid mitochondria. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 18, 2132 2135.
-
(2001)
Molecular Biology and Evolution
, vol.18
, pp. 2132-2135
-
-
Meunier, J.1
Eyre-Walker, A.2
-
37
-
-
0032898815
-
Monomorphism and polymorphism at Mhc DRB loci in domestic and wild ruminants
-
Mikko S, Roed K, Schmutz S, Andersson L (1999) Monomorphism and polymorphism at Mhc DRB loci in domestic and wild ruminants. Immunological Reviews, 167, 169 178.
-
(1999)
Immunological Reviews
, vol.167
, pp. 169-178
-
-
Mikko, S.1
Roed, K.2
Schmutz, S.3
Andersson, L.4
-
38
-
-
9644255666
-
Genetic drift outweighs balancing selection in shaping post-bottleneck major histocompatibility complex variation in New Zealand robins (Petroicidae
-
Miller HC, Lambert DM (2004) Genetic drift outweighs balancing selection in shaping post-bottleneck major histocompatibility complex variation in New Zealand robins (Petroicidae). Molecular Ecology, 13, 3709 3721.
-
(2004)
Molecular Ecology
, vol.13
, pp. 3709-3721
-
-
Miller, H.C.1
Lambert, D.M.2
-
39
-
-
0035544477
-
Geographic heterogeneity in natural selection on an MHC locus in sockeye salmon
-
Miller KM, Kaukinen KH, Beacham TD, Withler RE (2001) Geographic heterogeneity in natural selection on an MHC locus in sockeye salmon. Genetica, 111, 237 257.
-
(2001)
Genetica
, vol.111
, pp. 237-257
-
-
Miller, K.M.1
Kaukinen, K.H.2
Beacham, T.D.3
Withler, R.E.4
-
40
-
-
0022507362
-
Simple methods for estimating the numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions
-
Nei M, Gojobori T (1986) Simple methods for estimating the numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 3, 418 426.
-
(1986)
Molecular Biology and Evolution
, vol.3
, pp. 418-426
-
-
Nei, M.1
Gojobori, T.2
-
41
-
-
1942517330
-
The role of MHC polymorphism in anti-microbial resistance
-
Nikolich-Zugich J, Fremont DH, Miley MJ, Messaoudi I (2004) The role of MHC polymorphism in anti-microbial resistance. Microbes and Infection, 6, 501 512.
-
(2004)
Microbes and Infection
, vol.6
, pp. 501-512
-
-
Nikolich-Zugich, J.1
Fremont, D.H.2
Miley, M.J.3
Messaoudi, I.4
-
42
-
-
0024258090
-
Interactive influence of infectious disease and genetic diversity in natural populations
-
O'Brien S, Evermann F (1988) Interactive influence of infectious disease and genetic diversity in natural populations. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 3, 259.
-
(1988)
Trends in Ecology & Evolution
, vol.3
, pp. 259
-
-
O'Brien, S.1
Evermann, F.2
-
43
-
-
33846871705
-
Balancing selection, random genetic drift, and genetic variation at the major histocompatibility complex in two wild populations of guppies (Poecilia reticulata
-
van Oosterhout C, Joyce D, Cummings S et al 2006) Balancing selection, random genetic drift, and genetic variation at the major histocompatibility complex in two wild populations of guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Evolution, 60, 2562 2574.
-
(2006)
Evolution
, vol.60
, pp. 2562-2574
-
-
Van Oosterhout, C.1
Joyce, D.2
Cummings, S.3
Al, E.4
-
44
-
-
43349100155
-
Genetic variation of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC class II b gene) in the threatened Gila trout, Oncorhynchus gilae gilae
-
Peters MB, Turner TF (2008) Genetic variation of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC class II b gene) in the threatened Gila trout, Oncorhynchus gilae gilae. Conservation Genetics, 9, 257 270.
-
(2008)
Conservation Genetics
, vol.9
, pp. 257-270
-
-
Peters, M.B.1
Turner, T.F.2
-
45
-
-
33644998297
-
The evolutionary ecology of the major histocompatibility complex
-
Piertney SB, Oliver MK (2006) The evolutionary ecology of the major histocompatibility complex. Heredity, 96, 7 21.
-
(2006)
Heredity
, vol.96
, pp. 7-21
-
-
Piertney, S.B.1
Oliver, M.K.2
-
46
-
-
50249089761
-
Bottleneck: A computer program for detecting recent reductions in the effective population size using allele frequency data
-
Piry S, Luikart G, Cornuet J-M (1999) Bottleneck: a computer program for detecting recent reductions in the effective population size using allele frequency data. Journal of Heredity, 95, 536 539.
-
(1999)
Journal of Heredity
, vol.95
, pp. 536-539
-
-
Piry, S.1
Luikart, G.2
Cornuet, J.-M.3
-
47
-
-
0030888985
-
Genetic differentiation and estimation of gene flow from F-statistics under isolation by distance
-
Rousset F (1997) Genetic differentiation and estimation of gene flow from F-statistics under isolation by distance. Genetics, 145, 1219 1228.
-
(1997)
Genetics
, vol.145
, pp. 1219-1228
-
-
Rousset, F.1
-
48
-
-
3342958250
-
MHC variability of a small lemur in the littoral forest fragments of southeastern Madagascar
-
Schad J, Sommer S, Ganzhorn JU (2004) MHC variability of a small lemur in the littoral forest fragments of southeastern Madagascar. Conservation Genetics, 5, 299 309.
-
(2004)
Conservation Genetics
, vol.5
, pp. 299-309
-
-
Schad, J.1
Sommer, S.2
Ganzhorn, J.U.3
-
49
-
-
34548083732
-
Neutral versus adaptive genetic variation in parasite resistance: Importance of major histocompatibility complex supertypes in a free-ranging primate
-
Schwensow N, Fietz J, Dausmann KH, Sommer S (2007) Neutral versus adaptive genetic variation in parasite resistance: importance of major histocompatibility complex supertypes in a free-ranging primate. Heredity, 99, 265 277.
-
(2007)
Heredity
, vol.99
, pp. 265-277
-
-
Schwensow, N.1
Fietz, J.2
Dausmann, K.H.3
Sommer, S.4
-
50
-
-
0028816747
-
A measure of population subdivision based on microsatellite allele frequencies
-
Slatkin M (1995) A measure of population subdivision based on microsatellite allele frequencies. Genetics, 139, 457 462.
-
(1995)
Genetics
, vol.139
, pp. 457-462
-
-
Slatkin, M.1
-
51
-
-
0042567585
-
Complete loss of MHC genetic diversity in the common hamster (Cricetus cricetus) population in the Netherlands. Consequences for conservation strategies
-
Smulders MJM, Snoek LB, Booy G et al 2003) Complete loss of MHC genetic diversity in the common hamster (Cricetus cricetus) population in The Netherlands. Consequences for conservation strategies. Conservation Genetics, 4, 441 451.
-
(2003)
Conservation Genetics
, vol.4
, pp. 441-451
-
-
Smulders, M.J.M.1
Snoek, L.B.2
Booy, G.3
Al, E.4
-
52
-
-
0014383609
-
The H-2 locus of the mouse: Observations and speculations concerning its comparative genetics and its polymorphism
-
Snell G (1968) The H-2 locus of the mouse: observations and speculations concerning its comparative genetics and its polymorphism. Folia Biologica (Prague), 14, 335 358.
-
(1968)
Folia Biologica (Prague)
, vol.14
, pp. 335-358
-
-
Snell, G.1
-
53
-
-
27744606052
-
The importance of immune gene variability (MHC) in evolutionary ecology and conservation
-
Sommer S (2005) The importance of immune gene variability (MHC) in evolutionary ecology and conservation. Frontiers in Zoology, 2, 16.
-
(2005)
Frontiers in Zoology
, vol.2
, pp. 16
-
-
Sommer, S.1
-
54
-
-
0028348369
-
Crystal structure of the human class II MHC protein HLA-DR1 complexed with an influenza virus peptide
-
Stern LJ, Brown JH, Jardetzky TS et al 1994) Crystal structure of the human class II MHC protein HLA-DR1 complexed with an influenza virus peptide. Nature, 368, 215 221.
-
(1994)
Nature
, vol.368
, pp. 215-221
-
-
Stern, L.J.1
Brown, J.H.2
Jardetzky, T.S.3
Al, E.4
-
55
-
-
33646886742
-
Zmiany w rozmieszczeniu i liczebności Citellus suslicus na Lubelszczyźnie w okresie 1954-61
-
Surdacki S (1963) Zmiany w rozmieszczeniu i liczebności Citellus suslicus na Lubelszczyźnie w okresie 1954-61. Acta Theriologica, 7, 79 89.
-
(1963)
Acta Theriologica
, vol.7
, pp. 79-89
-
-
Surdacki, S.1
-
56
-
-
33645229840
-
Estimating diversifying selection and functional constraint in the presence of recombination
-
Wilson DJ, McVean G (2006) Estimating diversifying selection and functional constraint in the presence of recombination. Genetics, 172, 1411 1425.
-
(2006)
Genetics
, vol.172
, pp. 1411-1425
-
-
Wilson, D.J.1
McVean, G.2
-
57
-
-
33644778605
-
Detecting the signature of selection on immune genes in highly structured populations of wild sheep (Ovis dalli
-
A. Biedrzycka uses molecular tools to infer population genetics of endangered species. She is interested in studying interplaying factors of natural selection and demographic effects shaping population variability. J. Radwan is a Professor at the Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences and at the Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University. His interests focus on sexual selection, its evolutionary-genetic background and conservation genetic implications.
-
Worley K, Carey J, Veitch A et al 2006) Detecting the signature of selection on immune genes in highly structured populations of wild sheep (Ovis dalli). Molecular Ecology, 15, 623 637.
-
(2006)
Molecular Ecology
, vol.15
, pp. 623-637
-
-
Worley, K.1
Carey, J.2
Veitch, A.3
Al, E.4
|