Surface exposure dating of the Flims landslide, Graubünden, Switzerland

Geomorphology

Volumn 103, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 104-112

  Ivy Ochs, S ^a,b   Poschinger, A v ^c   Synal, H A ^a   Maisch, M ^b  

^a ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^c Bayerisches Geologisches Landesamt   (Germany)

Author keywords

10Be; 36Cl; Cosmogenic; Dating mass movements; European Alps; Holocene

Indexed keywords

BEDROCK; BOULDER; DEGLACIATION; GEOCHRONOLOGY; HOLOCENE; LANDSLIDE; OUTLIER; PALEOCLIMATE; PIGGYBACK BASIN; PLEISTOCENE; SNOW COVER;

CENTRAL EUROPE; EURASIA; EUROPE; GRAUBUNDEN; SWITZERLAND;

EID: 55949106386     PISSN: 0169555X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.10.024     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Abele, G., 1974. Bergstürze in den Alpen. Ihre Verbreitung, Morphologie und Folgeerscheinungen. Wiss. Alpenvereinshefte 25, München.
2. Abele G. Large rockslides: their causes and movements on internal slide planes. Mt. Res. Dev. 14 (1994) 315-320
3. Abele G. Rockslide movement supported by the mobilization of groundwater-saturated valley floor sediments. Z. Geomorphol. N.F. 41 (1997) 1-20
4. Abele G. Influence of glacier and climatic variation on rockslide activity in the Alps. In: Matthews J.A., Brunsden B., Frenzel B., Gläser B., and Weiβ M.M. (Eds). Rapid Mass Movement as a Source of Climatic Evidence for the Holocene. Paläoklimaforschung vol. 19 (1997), Fischer 1-6
5. Ammann B., Birks H.J.B., Brooks S.J., Eicher U., von Grafenstein U., Hofmann W., Lemdahl G.V., Schwander J., Tobolski K., and Wick L. Quantification of biotic responses to rapid climatic changes around the Younger Dryas - a synthesis. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 159 (2000) 313-347
6. Bigot-Cormiera F., Braucher R., Bourlès D., Guglielmi Y., Dubar M., and Stéphan J.-F. Chronological constraints on processes leading to large active landslides. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 235 (2005) 141-150
7. Dapples F., Oswald D., Raetzo H., Lardelli T., and Zwahlen P. New records of Holocene landslide activity in the Western and Eastern Swiss Alps: implications of climate and vegetation changes. Eclog. Geol. Helv. 96 (2003) 1-9
8. 36Cl in Rocks (1997), Purdue University Report PL-9703
9. Deplazes G., and Anselmetti F.S. A ~ 9460-9490 cal yr BP age for the Flimser rockslide based on limnogeological evidences. Abstract 3rd Swiss Geosciences Meeting, Zurich (2005)
10. 36Cl in rocks by isotope dilution: innovations, validation and error propagation. Chem. Geol. 233 (2006) 185-195
11. Dunne J., Elmore D., and Muzikar P. Scaling factors for the rates of production of cosmogenic nuclides for geometric shielding and attenuation at depth on sloped surfaces. Geomorphology 27 (1999) 3-11
12. Fabryka-Martin, J.T., 1988. Production of radionuclides in the earth and their hydrogeologic significance, with emphasis on chlorine-36 and iodine-129. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson, U.S.A.
13. Florineth, D., 1998. Geometry of the last glacial maximum (LGM) in the Swiss Alps and its paleoclimatological significance. Ph.D. Thesis Universität Bern, Switzerland.
14. Florineth D., and Schlüchter C. Reconstructing the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) ice surface geometry and flowlines in the Central Swiss Alps. Eclogae Geol. Helv. 91 (1998) 391-407
15. Furrer G., Maisch M., and Burga C. Übersicht zur spät- und postglazialen Klima-, Gletscher- und Vegetationsgeschichte Graubündens. Diss. Botanicae 72 (1984) 87-115 (Festschrift für Max Welten)
16. Gosse J.C., and Phillips F.M. Terrestrial in situ cosmogenic nuclides: theory and application. Quat. Sci. Rev. 20 (2001) 1475-1560
17. Graf H.-R., and Müller B. Das Quartär: Die Epoche der Eiszeiten. In: Bolliger T. (Ed). Geologie des Kantons Zürich. Thun, Ott (1999) 71-95
18. Gruber S., Hoelze M., and Haeberli W. Permafrost thaw and destabilization of Alpine rock walls in the hot summer of 2003. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31 (2004) L13504-L13507
19. Haas J.N., Richoz I., Tinner W., and Wick L. Synchronous Holocene climatic oscillations recorded on the Swiss Plateau and at timberline in the Alps. Holocene 8 (1998) 301-309
20. Hadley J.B. Madison Canyon rockslide, Montana, U.S.A. In: Voight B. (Ed). Rockslides and Avalanches (1978), Elsevier, Amsterdam 167-180
21. Haeberli W. Permafrost-glacier relationships in the Swiss Alps-today and in the past. Proceedings, 4th International Conference on Permafrost, Fairbanks, Alaska (1983), National Academy Press, Washington 415-420
22. Heim A. Der alte Bersturz von Flims. Jahrb. Schweiz. Alp.club 18 (1883) 295-309
23. Heim A. Geologie der Schweiz vol. 2 (1921), Die Schweizer Alpen, Leipzig
24. Heim A. Bergsturz und Menschenleben. Zürich (1932)
25. Hermanns R.L., Blikra L.H., Naumann M., Nilsen B., Panthi K.K., Stromeyer D., and Longva O. Examples of multiple rock-slope collapses from Köfels (ötz valley, Austria) and western Norway. Eng. Geol. 83 (2006) 94-108
26. Heuberger H. Gletschergeschichtliche Untersuchungen in den Zentralalpen zwischen Sellrain und Ötztal. Wiss. Alp.ver.hefte 20 (1966) 1-126
27. Heuberger H. The giant rockslide of Köfels, Ötztal, Tyrol. Mt. Res. Dev. 14 (1994) 290-294
28. 14C and cosmogenic isotope dating of an early Holocene landslide in the Central Alps (Tyrol, Austria). Z. Gletsch.kd. Glazialgeol. 34/1 (1998) 57-68
29. 36Cl measurements at the PSI/ETH Zurich AMS facility. Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 223-224 (2004) 623-627
30. Ivy-Ochs S., Schäfer J., Kubik P.W., Synal H.-A., and Schlüchter C. The timing of deglaciation on the northern Alpine foreland (Switzerland). Eclogae Geol. Helv. 97 (2004) 47-55
31. Ivy-Ochs S., Van Husen D., and Synal H.-A. Exposure dating large landslides in the Alps: Almtal. Abstract, 10th International Conference on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Berkeley (2005)
32. Ivy-Ochs S., Kerschner H., Kubik P.W., and Schlüchter C. Glacier response in the European Alps to Heinrich event 1 cooling: the Gschnitz stadial. J. Quat. Sci. 21 (2006) 115-130
33. 21Ne. In: Siame L.L., Bourles D.L., and Brown E.T. (Eds). In Situ Cosmogenic Nuclides and their Applications in Earth Sciences. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. vol. 415 (2006) 43-60
34. Ivy-Ochs S., Kerschner H., and Schlüchter C. Cosmogenic nuclides and the dating of Lateglacial and early Holocene glacier variations. The Alpine perspective. Quat. Int. 164-165 (2007) 53-63
35. Jordi, U., 1986. Glazialmorphologische und gletschergeschichtliche Untersuchungen im Taminatal und im Rheintalabschnitt zwischen Flims und Feldkirch (Ostschweiz/Vorarlberg). Ph.D. Thesis Universität Bern, Switzerland.
36. Keller O., and Krayss E. Der Rhein-Linth-Gletscher im letzten Hochglazial 2. Teil: Datierung und Modelle der Rhein-Linth-Vergletscherung. Klima-Rekonstruktionen. Vierteljahrsschr. Nat.forsch. Ges. Zür. 150 (2005) 69-85
37. Kerschner H., Kaser G., and Sailer R. Alpine Younger Dryas glaciers as paleo-precipitation gauges. Ann. Glaciol. 31 (2000) 80-84
38. Lal D. Cosmic ray labelling of erosion surfaces: in-situ nuclide production rates and erosion models. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 104 (1991) 424-439
39. 36Cl accumulation in unstable landforms, 1. Effects of the thermal neutron distribution. Water Resour. Res. 30 (1994) 3115-3125
40. Maisch M. Die Gletscher Graubündens. Rekonstruktion und Auswertung der Gletscher und deren Veränderungen seit dem Hochstand von 1850 im Gebiet der östlichen Schweizer Alpen (Bündnerland und angrenzende Regionen). Teil A: Grundlagen-Analysen-Ergebnisse. Phys. Geogr. 33 (1992)
41. Masarik J., Frank M., Schäfer J.M., and Wieler R. Correction of in situ cosmogenic nuclide production rates for geomagnetic field intensity variations during the past 800,000 years. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 65 (2001) 2995-3003
42. McSaveney M.J. Sherman Glacier rock avalanche, Alaska, U.S.A. In: Voight B. (Ed). Rockslides and Avalanches (1978), Elsevier, Amsterdam 197-258
43. Morris J.D., Gosse J.C., Brachfield S., and Tera F. Cosmogenic Be-10 and the solid Earth: studies in geomagnetism, subduction zone processes, and active tectonics. In: Grew E. (Ed). Beryllium: Mineralogy, Petrology, and Geochemistry. Rev. Mineral. Geochem. vol. 50 (2002) 207-270
44. Müller, B.U., 1995. Das Walensee-/Seeztal - eine Typusregion alpiner Talgenese. Vom Entstehen und Vergehen des grossen Rheintal-/Zürichsees. Sarganserländer Druck AG, Sargans.
45. Nabholz W. Neue Beobactungen im Bergsturz gebiet südlich Reichenau-Tamins. Verh. Nat.forsch. Ges. Basel 65/1 (1954) 67-81
46. Nichols K.K., Bierman P.R., Foniri W.R., Gillespie A.R., Caffee M., and Finkel R. Dates and rates of arid region geomorphic processes. GSA Today 16 (2006) 4-11
47. Oberholzer J. Geologische Karte der Alpen zwischen Linthgebiet und Rhein. Spez. Karte vol. 63 (1920) Bern
48. Oberholzer J. Geologie der Glarneralpen. Beitr. z. Geol. Karte d. Schweiz, N. F. Lief. vol. 28 (1933) Bern
49. Patzelt G., and Poscher G. Der Tschirgant-Bergsturz. Geologie des Oberinntaler Raumes, Arbeitstagung 1993 der Geologischen Bundesanstalt (1993) 208-213
50. Persaud M., and Pfiffner O.A. Active deformation in the eastern Swiss Alps: post-glacial faults, seismicity and surface uplift. Tectonophysics 385 (2004) 59-84
51. Pfiffner O.A. Deformation mechanisms and flow regimes in limestones from the Helvetic zone of the Swiss Alps. J. Struct. Geol. 4 (1982) 429-442
52. Pfiffner O.A., Sahli S., and Staéuble M. Compression and uplift of the external massifs in the Helvetic zone. In: Pfiffner O.A., Lehner P., Heitzmann P., Mueller S., and Steck A. (Eds). Deep Structure of the Swiss Alps: Results of NRP 20 (1997), Birkhauser Verlag, Basel 139-153
53. Phillips F.M., Stone W.D., and Fabryka-Martin J.T. An improved approach to calculating low-energy cosmic-ray neutron fluxes near the land/atmosphere interface. Chem. Geol. 175 (2001) 689-701
54. Poschinger A.v. Der Flimser Bergsturz als Staudamm. Bull. Angew. Geol. 10/1 (2005) 33-47
55. Poschinger A.v., and Haas U. Der Flimser Bergsturz, doch ein warmzeitliches Ereignis?. Bull. Angew. Geol. 2/1 (1997) 35-46
56. Poschinger A.V., Wassmer P., and Maisch M. The Flims rock slide; History of interpretation and new insights. In: Evans S.G., Scarascia-Mugnozza G., Strom A., and Hermanns R.L. (Eds). Landslides from Massive Rock Slope Failure (2006), Springer, Berlin 347-375
57. Prager, C., Ivy-Ochs, S., Ostermann, M., Synal, H.-A., Patzelt, G., (in press). Geological considerations and age of the catastrophic Fernpass rockslide (Tyrol, Austria). Geomorphology, this volume.
58. Putkonen J., and Swanson T. Accuracy of cosmogenic ages for moraines. Quat. Res. 59 (2003) 255-261
59. Reimer P.J., Baillie M.G.L., Bard E., Bayliss A., Beck J.W., Bertrand C.J.H., Blackwell P.G., Buck C.E., Burr G.S., Cutler K.B., Damon P.E., Edwards R.L., Fairbanks R.G., Friedrich M., Guilderson T.P., Hogg A.G., Hughen K.A., Kromer B., McCormac G., Manning S., Bronk Ramsey C., Reimer R.W., Remmele S., Southon J.R., Stuiver M., Talamo S., Taylor F.W., van der Plicht J., and Weyhenmeyer C.E. IntCal04 atmospheric radiocarbon age calibration, 26-0 cal kyr BP. Radiocarbon 46 (2004) 1029-1058
60. Schwander J., Eicher U., and Ammann B. Oxygen isotopes of lake marl at Gerzensee and Leysin (Switzerland), covering the Younger Dryas and two minor oscillations, and their correlation to the GRIP ice core. Palaeogeogr, Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 159 (2000) 203-214
61. Soldati M., Corsini A., and Pasuto A. Landslides and climate change in the Italian Dolomites since the Late glacial. Catena 55 (2004) 141-161
62. Staub R. Altes und Neues vom Flimser Bergsturz. Verh. Schweizer Nat.forsch. Ges. Chur, (1938) 60-85
63. Stone J.O. Air pressure and cosmogenic isotope production. J. Geophys. Res. 105 (2000) 23,753-23,760
64. Stone J.O.H., Allan G.L., Fifield L.K., and Cresswell R.G. Cosmogenic chlorine-36 from calcium spallation. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 60 (1996) 679-692
65. Stone J.O.H., Evans J.M., Fifield L.K., Allan G.L., and Cresswell R.G. Cosmogenic chlorine-36 production in calcite by muons. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62 (1998) 433-454
66. Synal H.-A., Bonani G., Döbeli M., Ender R.M., Gartenmann P., Kubik P.W., Schnabel C., and Suter M. Status report of the PSI/ETH AMS facility. Nucl. Instrum. Methods B123 (1997) 62-68
67. Tinner W., and Kaltenrieder P. Rapid responses of high-mountain vegetation to early Holocene environmental changes in the Swiss Alps. J. Ecol. 93 (2005) 936-947
68. Tinner W., Kaltenrieder P., Soom M., Zwahlen P., Schmidhalter M., Boschetti A., and Schlüchter C. The postglacial rockfall in the Kander valley (Switzerland): age and effects on palaeo-environments. Eclogae Geol. Helv. 98 (2005) 83-95
69. van Husen D. Zur Fazies und Stratigraphie der jungpleistozänen Ablagerungen im Trauntal (mit quartärgeologischer Karte). Jahr. Geol. Bundesanst. 120 (1977) 1-130
70. van Husen D., Ivy-Ochs S., and Alfimov V. Mechanism and age of late glacial landslides in the Calcareous Alps: the Almtal landslide, Upper Austria. Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences 100 (2007) 114-126
71. van Husen, D., Ivy-Ochs, S., Alfimov, V., (in press). The Almtal landslide: Mechanism and age. Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences.
72. Wessels M. Natural environmental changes indicated by Late Glacial and Holocene sediments from Lake Constance, Germany. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 140 (1998) 421-432