Learning to be good girls and women: Education, training and schools

The Routledge History of Women in Europe since 1700

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 93-134

  Rogers, Rebecca ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE STRASBOURG   (France)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 55649121228     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (29)

1. Albisetti, James, Schooling German Girls and Women: Secondary and Higher Education in the Nineteenth Century. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1988. Offers the indispensable overview of girls' education in Germany.'Female Education in German-Speaking Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, 1866-1914', in David Good, Margarete Grander and Mary Jo Maynes, eds, Austrian Women in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives. Oxford: Berghan Books, 1996.'The Feminization of Teaching in the Nineteenth Century: A Comparative Perspective', History of Education, 22, (1993), pp. 253-63.'Catholics and Coeducation in Europe before "Divini Illius Magistri"',Paedagogica Historica, 35, 3, (1999), pp. 667-96.
2. Allen, Ann Taylor, Feminism and Motherhood in Germany, 1800-1914. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1991. A sensitive portrayal of how maternalism played into various reform movements in Germany, including educational reform.
3. Bakker, Nelleke and Mineke van Essen, 'No Matter of Principle: The Unproblematic Character of Coeducation in Girls' Secondary Schooling in the Netherlands, ca. 1870-1930', History of Education Quarterly, 39, (1999), pp. 454-75. Traces the emergence of co-education in the Netherlands and offers comparative perspectives with other European countries.
4. Chaudhuri, Nupur and Margaret Strobel, Western Women and Imperialism: Complicity and Resistance. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 1992. Includes several articles on missionaries in India and South Africa.
5. Clark, Linda, Schooling the Daughters of Marianne: Textbooks and the Socialization of Girls in Modern French Primary Schools. Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1984. A rare study of the gendered characteristics of elementary school textbooks focused on the period when the Republicans had come to power in France after 1880.
6. Cullen, Mary, ed., Girls Do Not Do Honours: Irish Women in Education in the 19th and 20th Century. Dublin: Women's Education Bureau, 1987. A strong feminist perspective on girls' education at the secondary and university level, nuns, gender roles and the curriculum.
7. Dyhouse, Carol, Girls Growing Up in Late Victorian and Edwardian England. London: Routledge, 1981. Although published over twenty years ago, this book offers a clear analysis of the social construction of femininity in both middle-class and lower-class schooling; the author draws on a wide range of both institutional and private sources. See her more recent and engaging analysis of the first women to enter British universities No Distinction of Sex? Women in British Universities, 1870-1939. London: University College Press, 1995.
8. Essen, Mineke van, 'Strategies of Women Teachers, 1860-1920: Feminization in Dutch Elementary and Secondary Schools from a Comparative Perspective', History of Education, 28, 1999, pp. 413-33. Provides insight into the social history of Dutch education from one of the foremost historians of women's education.
9. Essen, Mineke van and Rebecca Rogers, eds, 'Les enseignantes: formations, identités, représentations (XIXe-XXe siècles)', Histoire de l'éducation, 98, May (2003). This special issue examines the training, identities and representations of women teachers in England and its South African colony, France, the Netherlands, Australia and Germany; it includes a lengthy comparative historiographic essay on women teachers.
10. Gemie, Sharif, Women and Schooling in France, 1815-1914. Keele: Keele University Press, 1995.A study that focuses on lay primary-school teachers and their relationship to the French state using Habermas's concept of the public. He exploits an interesting variety of sources including the diary of a young apprentice schoolteacher.
11. Gold, Carol, Educating Middle Class Daughters: Private Girls Schools in Copenhagen, 1790-1820. Copenhagen: The Royal Library Museum Tusculanum Press, 1996. Offers a detailed social history of the content of schooling as well as a portrait of the teachers.
12. Gorham, Deborah, The Victorian Girl and the Feminine Ideal. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, 1982. A pioneering study of the Victorian construction of femininity that draws on literature, advice manuals and the private archives of middle-class women.
13. Harten, Elke and Hans-Christian Harten, Femmes, culture et revolution. Paris: Des Femmes, 1993. An unusually broad range of primary sources on gender and education in the French revolution; includes a stimulating interpretation of the documents.
14. Kleinau, Elke and Claudia Opitz, eds, Geschichte der Mädchen-und Frauenbildung. Vol. II.Frankfurt and New York: Campus Verlag, 1996. An important collection of articles that traces the organisation of girls' schooling from elementary to university education as well as ideas and debates about women's education. The two volumes cover the periods from the Middle Ages to 1990 and addresses primarily German education.
15. Mayeur, Françoise, L'éducation des filles en France au XIXe siècle. Paris: Hachette, 1979. The classic synthesis of girls' education in France; an essential introduction to the topic. She is also the author of L'Enseignement secondaire des jeunes filles sous la Troisième République. Paris: Presses de la Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques, 1977, a pioneering study of the first public high schools for girls and their teachers after 1880. She has a chapter on girls' education, which is heavily French in its focus, 'The Secular Model of Girls' Education', in Michele Perrot and Geneviève Fraisse, eds, History of Women in the West. Vol. IV: Emerging Feminism from Revolution to World War, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993, pp. 228-45.
16. Maynes, Mary-Jo, Schooling in Western Europe: A Social History. Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1984. A useful comparative synthesis of schooling in Western Europe in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
17. Offen, Karen, European Feminisms, 1700-1950: A Political History. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1992. This important synthesis offers a great deal of information about attitudes toward women's learning and the role of education in feminist movements throughout Europe.
18. Pedersen, Joyce Senders, 'The Reform of Women's Secondary and Higher Education: Institutional Change and Social Values in Mid and Late Victorian England.' History of Education Quarterly, 19, spring (1979), pp. 61-99; The Reform of Girls' Secondary and Higher Education in Victorian England: A Study of Elites and Educational Change. London: Garland, 1987. The article and book present the classic argument for how British girls' education was reformed in the second half of the nineteenth century.
19. Petschauer, Peter, The Education of Women in Eighteenth-Century Germany: New Directions from the German Female Perspective. Bending the Ivy. Lewiston, NY: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1989. A voluminous work with a great deal of useful information.
20. Purvis, June, A History of Women's Education in England. Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1991. A slim but suggestive synthesis for the period between 1800 and 1914; contains a useful bibliography.
21. Rogers, Rebecca, From the Salon to the Schoolroom: Educating Bourgeois Girls in Nineteenth-Century France. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2005. Les Demoiselles de la Légion d'honneur: les maisons d'éducation de la Légion d'honneur au XIXe siècle. Paris: Plon, 1992. 'Boarding Schools, Women Teachers, and Domesticity: Reforming Girls' Secondary Education in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century', French Historical Studies, 19, 1995, pp. 153-81.'Retrograde or Modern? Unveiling the Teaching Nun in Nineteenth-Century France',Social History, 23, 1998, pp.146-84. My work focuses on lay and religious teachers, schools and students in France in the nineteenth century, combining a social and cultural approach.
22. Ruane, Christine, Gender, Class, and the Professionalization of Russian City Teachers, 1860-1914. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1994. Examines women teachers' demands for greater control over the occupation and its members, as well as efforts to establish a new self-definition.
23. Simonton, Deborah, 'Schooling the Poor: Gender and Class in Eighteenth-Century England', British Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies, 23, Autumn (2000), pp. 183-202. A very clear and useful introduction to the subject. She has also written more extensively on working-class girls' education: 'The Education and Training of Eighteenth-Century English Girls, with Special Reference to the Working Classes', Ph.D. thesis, University of Essex, 1988.
24. Sonnet, Martine, 'A Daughter to Educate', in Natalie Zemon Davis and Arlette Farge, eds, A History of Women in the West. Vol. III: Renaissance and Enlightenment Paradoxes. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of the Harvard University Press, 1993, pp. 101-31. This chapter offers a useful summary of early modern girls' education primarily in France and England that is focused on girls' schools. She is the author of an excellent study of girls' education in eighteenthcentury Paris: L'Éducation des filles au temps des Lumières. Paris: Cerf, 1987.
25. Stock, Phyllis, Better than Rubies: a History of Women's Education. New York, Putnam, 1978. Although dated, this general presentation of the topic offers useful insights into the debates about girls' education throughout Europe from the Renaissance to the twentieth century. It is far more sketchy on actual institutional developments.
26. Thébaud, Françoise and Michelle Zancarini-Fournel, eds, 'Coéducation et mixité', Clio. Histoire, Femmes et Société, 18, (2003). A special issue that offers a variety of national perspectives on the issue of co-education mostly in the twentieth century, includes a historiographic essay on the subject.
27. Varikas, Elena, 'Subjectivité et identité de genre: L'univers de l'éducation féminine dans la Grèce du XIXème siècle', Genèses, Sciences Sociales et Histoire, 6, December (1991), pp. 29-51. The author is interested in the relationship between girls' education and questions of subjective and national identity.See her 'Gender and National Identity in Fin de Siècle Greece', Gender & History 5 (1993), pp. 269-83.
28. Wilson, Maggie, ed., Girls and Young Women in Education: A European Perspective. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1991. The volume includes essays on Belgium, England and Wales, France, Greece, the Republic of Ireland, Poland, Spain, Sweden and West Germany, as well as a general European overview. Particularly useful for educational statistics for the post-Second World War period.
29. Watts, Ruth, Gender, Power and the Unitarians in England, 1760-1860. Harlow: Longman, 1998. An important study of the role of Unitarians in education.