Dalteparin vs low-dose unfractionated heparin for prophylaxis against clinically evident venous thromboembolism in acute traumatic spinal cord injury: A retrospective cohort study

Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

Volumn 31, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 379-387

  Worley, Scott ^a   Short, Christine ^a   Pike, Jeff ^a   Anderson, David ^a   Douglas, Jo Anne ^a   Thompson, Kara ^a  

^a DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Dalteparin; Heparin, low molecular weight; Paraplegia; Pulmonary embolism; Rehabilitation; Spinal cord injuries; Tetraplegia; Venous thrombosis

Indexed keywords

DALTEPARIN; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLEEDING; COMORBIDITY; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG FATALITY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEY; HEPARIN INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA; HUMAN; LOW DRUG DOSE; LUNG ANGIOGRAPHY; LUNG EMBOLISM; LUNG VENTILATION PERFUSION RATIO; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR; SPINAL CORD INJURY; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM;

ACUTE DISEASE; ADULT; AGED; ANTICOAGULANTS; COHORT STUDIES; DALTEPARIN; FEMALE; HEPARIN; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PARAPLEGIA; QUADRIPLEGIA; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM;

EID: 55049101240     PISSN: 10790268     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2008.11760740     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Geerts WH, Pineo GF, Heit JA, et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004; 126(suppl 3):S338-S400.
2. Tribe C. Cause of death in the early and late stages of paraplegia. Paraplegia. 1963;1:19-47.
3. DeVivo MJ, Krause JS, Lammertse DP. Recent trends in mortality and causes of death among persons with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;80:1411-1419.
4. DeVivo MJ, Stover SL. Long-term survival and causes of death. In: Stover SL, DeLisa JL, Whiteneck GG, eds. Spinal Cord Injury: Clinical Outcomes From the Model Systems. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers; 1995:289-316.
5. Geerts WH, Heit JA, Clagett GP, et al. Prevention of venous thromboembolism. Chest. 2001;119(suppl 1):S132-S175.
6. Atria J, Ray JG, Cook DJ, Douketis J, Ginsberg JS, Geerts WH. Deep vein thrombosis and its prevention in critically ill adults. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161:1268-1279.
7. Spinal Cord Injury Thromboprophylaxis Investigators. Prevention of venous thromboembolism in the rehabilitation phase after spinal cord injury: prophylaxis with low-dose heparin or enoxaparin. J Trauma. 2003;54:1116-1126.
8. Chen D, Apple DF Jr, Hudson LM, Bode R. Medical complications during acute rehabilitation following spinal cord injury: current experience of the model systems. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;80:1397-1401.
9. Jones T, Ugalde V, Franks P, Zhou H, White RH. Venous thromboembolism after spinal cord injury: incidence, time course, and associated risk factors in 16,240 adults and children. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86:2240-2247.
10. Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine. Prevention of Thromboembolism in Spinal Cord Injury. Washington, DC: Paralyzed Veterans of America; 1999.
11. Johns JS, Nguyen C, Sing RF. Vena cava filters in spinal cord injuries: evolving technology. J Spinal Cord Med. 2006; 29(3):183-190.
12. Green D, Hartwig D, Chen D, Soltysik RC, Yarnold PR. Spinal cord injury risk assessment for thromboembolism (SPIRATE study). Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;82:950-956.
13. Green D, Sullivan S, Simpson J, Soltysik RC, Yarnold PR. Evolving risk for thromboembolism in spinal cord injury (SPIRATE study). Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;84:420-422.
14. Green D, Lee MY, Lira AC, et al. Prevention of thromboembolism after spinal cord injury using low-molecular-weight heparin. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:571-574.
15. Green D, Chen D, Chmiel JS, et al. Prevention of thromboembolism in spinal cord injury: role of low molecular weight heparin. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1994; 75:290-292.
16. Geerts WH, Jay RM, Code KI, et al. A comparison of low-dose heparin with low-molecular-weight heparin as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after major trauma. N Engl J Med. 1996; 335:701-707.
17. Spinal Cord Injury Thromboprophylaxis Investigators. Prevention of venous thromboembolism in the acute treatment phase after spinal cord injury: a randomized, multicenter trial comparing low-dose heparin plus intermittent pneumatic compression with enoxaparin. J Trauma. 2003;54:1111-1115.
18. Kearon C, Julian JA, Math M, Newman TE, Ginsberg JS. Noninvasive diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis. Ann Intern Med. 1998;128(8):663-677.
19. Wells PS, Lensing AW, Davidson BL, Prins MH, Hirsh J. Accuracy of ultrasound for the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis in asymptomatic patients after orthopedic surgery: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1995;122:47-53.
20. Jongbloets LM, Lensing AW, Kiipman MM, Buller HR, ten Cate JW. Limitations of compression ultrasound for the detection of symptomless postoperative deep vein thrombosis. Lancet. 1994;343:1142-1144.
21. Lohmann U, Glaser E, Braun BE, Botel U. Prevention of thromboembolism in spinal fractures with spinal cord injuries: standard heparin versus low-molecular-weight heparin in acute paraplegia [in German]. Zentralbl Chir. 2001;126(5):385-390.
22. Riklin C, Baumberger M, Wick L, Michel D, Sauter B, Knecht H. Deep vein thrombosis and heterotopic ossification in spinal cord injury: a 3-year experience at the Swiss Paraplegic Centre Nottwil. Spinal Cord. 2003;41:192-198.
23. Harris S, Chen D, Green D. Enoxaparin for thromboembolism prophylaxis in spinal injury: preliminary report on experience with 105 patients. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1996; 75:326-327.
24. Alto S, Pieri A, D'Andrea M, Marcelli F, Cominelli E. Primary prevention of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in acute spinal cord injured patients. Spinal Cord. 2002;40:300-303.
25. Hebbeler SL, Marciniak CM, Crandall S, Chen D, Nussbaum S, Mendelewski S. Daily vs twice daily enoxaparin in the prevention of thromboembolic disorders during rehabilitation following acute spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2004;27(3):236-240.
26. Merli GJ, Crabbe S, Doyle L, Ditunno JF, Herbision GJ. Mechanical plus pharmacological prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis in acute spinal cord injury. Paraplegia. 1992;30: 558-562.
27. Frisbie JH, Sasahara AA. Low-dose heparin prophylaxis for deep venous thrombosis in acute spinal cord injury patients: a controlled study. Paraplegia. 1981;19:343-346.
28. Hadley MN, Waiters BC, Grabb PA, et al. Deep venous thrombosis and thromboembolism in patients with cervical spinal cord injuries. Neurosurgery. 2002;50(suppl 3):S73-S80.
29. Graafsma YP, Prins MH, Lensing AW, de Haan RJ, Huisman MV, Buller HR. Bleeding classification in clinical trials: observer variability and clinical relevance. Thromb Haemost. 1997;78:1189-1192.
30. Bravo G, Guizar-Sahagun G, Ibarra A, Centurion D, Villalon CM. Cardiovascular alterations after spinal cord injury: an overview. Curr Med Chem Cardiovasc Hematol Agents. 2004; 2:133-148.
31. Miranda AR, Hassouna HI. Mechanisms of thrombosis in spinal cord injury. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2000;14: 401-416.
32. Brandstater ME, Roth EJ, Siebens HC. Venous thromboembolism in stroke: literature review and implications for clinical practice. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1992;73(suppl 5): S379-S391.
33. Guttman L. Spinal Cord Injuries: Comprehensive Management and Research. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1976:458-460.
34. Yelnik A, Dizien O, Bussel B, et al. Systematic lower limb phlebography in acute spinal cord injury in 147 patients. Paraplegia. 1991;29:253-260.
35. Lim AC, Roth EJ, Green D. Lower limb paralysis: its effect on the recanalization of deep-vein thrombosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1992;73:331-333.
36. Kim SW, Charallel JT, Park KW, et al. Prevalence of deep venous thrombosis in patients with chronic spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1994;75:965-968.
37. Myllynen P, Kammonen M, Rokkanen P, Bostman O, Lalla M, Laasonen E. Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in patients with acute spinal cord injury: a comparison with nonparalyzed patients immobilized due to spinal fractures. J Trauma. 1985;25:541-543.
38. Hedeman LS, Shellenberger MK, Gordon JH. Studies in experimental spinal cord trauma. 1. Alterations in catecholamine levels. J Neurosurg. 1974;40(1):37-43.
39. Ragnarsson K, Hall KM, Wilmot CB, et al. Management of pulmonary, cardiovascular, and metabolic conditions after spinal cord injury. In: Stover S, DeLisa JA, Whiteneck GG, eds. Spinal Cord Injury: Clinical Outcomes From the Model System. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers; 1995:79-99.
40. Maxwell RA, Chavarria-Aguilar M, Cockerham WT, et al. Routine prophylactic vena cava filtration is not indicated after acute spinal cord injury. J Trauma. 2002;52:902-906.
41. Colachis SC, Clinchot DM. The association between deep venous thrombosis and heterotopic ossification in patients with acute traumatic spinal cord injury. Paraplegia. 1993; 31:507-512.
42. Wells PS, Owen C, Doucette S, Fergusson D, Tran H. Does this patient have deep vein thrombosis? JAMA. 2006; 295(2):199-207.
43. Weingarden SI. Deep venous thrombosis in spinal cord injury: overview of the problem. Chest. 1992;102(suppl 6): S636-S639.
44. Wells PS, Hirsh J, Anderson DR, et al. Accuracy of clinical assessment of deep-vein thrombosis. Lancet. 1995;345: 1326-1330.
45. Hirsh J, Hull RD. Venous Thromboembolism: Natural History, Diagnosis, and Management. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1987.
46. Akman MN, Cetin N, Bayramoglu M, Isiklar I, Kilinc S. Value of the D-dimer test in diagnosing deep vein thrombosis in rehabilitation inpatients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;85:1091-1094.
47. Roussi J, Bentolila S, Boudaoud L, et al. Contribution of D-dimer determination in the exclusion of deep venous thrombosis in spinal cord injury patients. Spinal Cord. 1999; 37:548-552.
48. Kadyan V, Clinchot DM, Mitchell GL, Colachis SC. Surveillance with duplex ultrasound in traumatic spinal cord injury on initial admission to rehabilitation. J Spinal Cord Med. 2003;26:231-235.
49. Powell M, Kirshblum S, O'Connor KC. Duplex ultrasound screening for deep vein thrombosis in spinal cord injured patients at rehabilitation admission. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;80:1044-1046.
50. Kadyan V, Clinchot DM, Colachis SC. Cost-effectiveness of duplex ultrasound surveillance in spinal cord injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;83:191-197.
51. Bates SM, Weitz JI. New anticoagulants: beyond heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin and warfarin. Br J Pharmacol. 2005;144:1017-1028.