메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 244-267

The political economy of intellectual property: Re-examining European policy on plant biotechnology

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 54949140896     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (11)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0742286874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competitiveness key for Europe's bioindustry
    • Aldridge, S. (2004) Competitiveness key for Europe's bioindustry. Genetic Engineering News 24, 1-16.
    • (2004) Genetic Engineering News , vol.24 , pp. 1-16
    • Aldridge, S.1
  • 2
    • 0036635953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rise of the European bioentrepreneur
    • (BioEntrepreneurship supplement)
    • Alper, J. (2002) The rise of the European bioentrepreneur. Nature Biotechnology 20 (BioEntrepreneurship supplement), BE3-BE5.
    • (2002) Nature Biotechnology , vol.20
    • Alper, J.1
  • 3
    • 33748896408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paper presented at the American Agricultural Economics Association annual meetings. 1-4 July 2004, Denver, Colorado
    • Anderson, K. and Jackson, L.A. (2004) Standards, trade and protection: the case of GMOs. Paper presented at the American Agricultural Economics Association annual meetings. 1-4 July 2004, Denver, Colorado.
    • (2004) Standards, trade and protection: the case of GMOs
    • Anderson, K.1    Jackson, L.A.2
  • 4
    • 0034043303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How important is genetic engineering to European seed firms?
    • Arundel, A., Hocke, M. and Tait, J. (2000) How important is genetic engineering to European seed firms?. Nature Biotechnology 18, 578.
    • (2000) Nature Biotechnology , vol.18 , pp. 578
    • Arundel, A.1    Hocke, M.2    Tait, J.3
  • 6
    • 79956282303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory protectionism, developing nations and a two-tier world trade system
    • Maskus, K.E. and Wilson, J.S. (eds), University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan
    • Baldwin, R.E. (2001) Regulatory protectionism, developing nations and a two-tier world trade system. In: Maskus, K.E. and Wilson, J.S. (eds) Quantifying the Impact of Technical Barriers to Trade. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, pp. 59-94.
    • (2001) Quantifying the Impact of Technical Barriers to Trade , pp. 59-94
    • Baldwin, R.E.1
  • 7
    • 0001618495 scopus 로고
    • A theory of competition among pressure groups for political influence
    • Becker, G.S. (1983) A theory of competition among pressure groups for political influence. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 98(3), 371-400.
    • (1983) The Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.98 , Issue.3 , pp. 371-400
    • Becker, G.S.1
  • 8
    • 2442704191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey
    • Bernauer, T. (2003) Genes, Trade, and Regulation. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
    • (2003) Genes, Trade, and Regulation
    • Bernauer, T.1
  • 9
    • 0011816828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innovation challenges for the European agbiotech industry
    • Bijman, J. and Joly, P.B. (2001) Innovation challenges for the European agbiotech industry. AgBioForum 4(1), 4-13.
    • (2001) AgBioForum , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 4-13
    • Bijman, J.1    Joly, P.B.2
  • 12
    • 84890250516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EPSO, European Plant Science Organization, Finland
    • EPSO (2000) Open letter to politicians. European Plant Science Organization, Finland.
    • (2000) Open letter to politicians
  • 13
    • 0003777498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Commission, Commission of the European Communities, Brussels
    • European Commission (2002) Life sciences and biotechnology - a strategy for Europe. Commission of the European Communities, Brussels.
    • (2002) Life sciences and biotechnology - a strategy for Europe
  • 14
    • 0033575365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Worlds apart? The reception of genetically modified foods in Europe and the US
    • Gaskell, G., Bauer, M.W., Durant, J. and Allum, N.C. (1999) Worlds apart? The reception of genetically modified foods in Europe and the US. Science 285, 384-387.
    • (1999) Science , vol.285 , pp. 384-387
    • Gaskell, G.1    Bauer, M.W.2    Durant, J.3    Allum, N.C.4
  • 15
    • 0001683992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of patent rights: a cross-national study
    • Ginarte, J.C. and Park, W.G. (1997) Determinants of patent rights: a cross-national study. Research Policy 26(3), 283-301.
    • (1997) Research Policy , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 283-301
    • Ginarte, J.C.1    Park, W.G.2
  • 17
    • 0042360411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The public-private structure of intellectual property ownership in agricultural biotechnology
    • Graff, G.D., Cullen, S.E., Bradford, K.J., Zilberman, D. and Bennett, A.B. (2003) The public-private structure of intellectual property ownership in agricultural biotechnology. Nature Biotechnology 21(9), 989-995.
    • (2003) Nature Biotechnology , vol.21 , Issue.9 , pp. 989-995
    • Graff, G.D.1    Cullen, S.E.2    Bradford, K.J.3    Zilberman, D.4    Bennett, A.B.5
  • 21
    • 0000334523 scopus 로고
    • Innovation, imitation, and intellectual property rights
    • Helpman, E. (1993) Innovation, imitation, and intellectual property rights. Econometrica 61(6), 1247-1280.
    • (1993) Econometrica , vol.61 , Issue.6 , pp. 1247-1280
    • Helpman, E.1
  • 22
    • 10444250607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rise of intellectual property, 700 BC-AD 2000: an idea in the balance
    • Hesse, C. (2002) The rise of intellectual property, 700 BC-AD 2000: an idea in the balance. Daedalu 131(2), 26-45.
    • (2002) Daedalu , vol.131 , Issue.2 , pp. 26-45
    • Hesse, C.1
  • 23
    • 84890224743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seminar given in the Policy Colloquium in Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, Berkeley, California
    • Josling, T. (2001) European Agricultural Policy: the everchanging constancy of the CAP. Seminar given in the Policy Colloquium in Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, Berkeley, California.
    • (2001) European Agricultural Policy: the everchanging constancy of the CAP
    • Josling, T.1
  • 24
    • 0028685917 scopus 로고
    • Ananda Chakrabarty wins a patent: biotechnology, law, and society, 1972-1980
    • Kevles, D.J. (1994) Ananda Chakrabarty wins a patent: biotechnology, law, and society, 1972-1980. Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences 25, 111-136.
    • (1994) Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences , vol.25 , pp. 111-136
    • Kevles, D.J.1
  • 25
    • 0008764868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diamond v Chakrabarty and beyond: the political economy of patenting life
    • Thackray, A. (ed.), University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • Kevles, D.J. (1998) Diamond v Chakrabarty and beyond: the political economy of patenting life. In: Thackray, A. (ed.) Private Science. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, pp. 65-79.
    • (1998) Private Science , pp. 65-79
    • Kevles, D.J.1
  • 26
    • 1042294025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patent institutions, industrial organization and early technological change: Britain and the United States, 1790-1850
    • Berg, M. and Bruland, K. (eds), Elgar, Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, Massachusetts
    • Khan, B.Z. and Sokoloff, K.L. (1998) Patent institutions, industrial organization and early technological change: Britain and the United States, 1790-1850. In: Berg, M. and Bruland, K. (eds) Technological Revolutions in Europe: Historical Perspectives. Elgar, Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, Massachusetts, pp. 292-313.
    • (1998) Technological Revolutions in Europe: Historical Perspectives , pp. 292-313
    • Khan, B.Z.1    Sokoloff, K.L.2
  • 28
    • 3242664195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innovation and trade with endogenous market failure: the case of genetically modified products
    • Lapan, H. and Moschini, G. (2004) Innovation and trade with endogenous market failure: the case of genetically modified products. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 86(3), 634-648.
    • (2004) American Journal of Agricultural Economics , vol.86 , Issue.3 , pp. 634-648
    • Lapan, H.1    Moschini, G.2
  • 29
    • 55249119112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working paper 7478. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
    • Lerner, J. (2000) 150 years of patent protection. Working paper 7478. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
    • (2000) 150 years of patent protection
    • Lerner, J.1
  • 30
    • 0042920957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 150 years of patent protection
    • Lerner, J. (2002) 150 years of patent protection. American Economic Review 92(2), 221-225.
    • (2002) American Economic Review , vol.92 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-225
    • Lerner, J.1
  • 31
    • 84890167389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What price safety?
    • Paper presented at the conference European Food Safety Regulation: the challenge of multi-level governance. 7-8 November 2003. University of California, Berkeley, California
    • Majone, G. (2003) What price safety? The precautionary principle and its policy implications. Paper presented at the conference European Food Safety Regulation: the challenge of multi-level governance. 7-8 November 2003. University of California, Berkeley, California.
    • (2003) The precautionary principle and its policy implications
    • Majone, G.1
  • 33
    • 84890131202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paper presented at the 6th annual ICABR conference on agricultural biotechnologies: new avenues for production, consumption, and technology transfer 11-14 July 2002. Ravello, Italy
    • Menrad, K. and Reiss, T. (2002) The innovation system in agro-food biotechnology: is it European? Paper presented at the 6th annual ICABR conference on agricultural biotechnologies: new avenues for production, consumption, and technology transfer. 11-14 July 2002. Ravello, Italy.
    • (2002) The innovation system in agro-food biotechnology: is it European?
    • Menrad, K.1    Reiss, T.2
  • 34
    • 13444249134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agricultural biotechnology and trade: the unresolved issues
    • Moschini, G. (2003) Agricultural biotechnology and trade: the unresolved issues. Iowa Agricultural Review 9, 8-10.
    • (2003) Iowa Agricultural Review , vol.9 , pp. 8-10
    • Moschini, G.1
  • 35
    • 15844389075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence from nineteenth- century world fairs. Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, California
    • Moser, P. (2001) How do patent laws influence innovation?. Evidence from nineteenth- century world fairs. Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, California.
    • (2001) How do patent laws influence innovation?
    • Moser, P.1
  • 36
    • 0003950415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington, DC
    • National Research Council (2000) The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
    • (2000) The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture
  • 37
    • 33644575915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GMOs, trade policy and welfare in rich and poor countries
    • Maskus, K.E. and Wilson, J.S. (eds), The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan
    • Nielsen, C. and Anderson, K. (2001) GMOs, trade policy and welfare in rich and poor countries. In: Maskus, K.E. and Wilson, J.S. (eds) Quantifying the Impact of Technical Barriers to Trade: Can It Be Done? The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, pp. 155-184.
    • (2001) Quantifying the Impact of Technical Barriers to Trade: Can It Be Done? , pp. 155-184
    • Nielsen, C.1    Anderson, K.2
  • 38
    • 0003628087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuffield Council on Bioethics, Nuffield Council on Bioethics, London
    • Nuffield Council on Bioethics (2002) The ethics of patenting DNA: a discussion paper. Nuffield Council on Bioethics, London.
    • (2002) The ethics of patenting DNA: a discussion paper
  • 40
    • 0000420789 scopus 로고
    • Toward a more general theory of regulation
    • Peltzman, S. (1976) Toward a more general theory of regulation. Journal of Law and Economics XIX, 211-240.
    • (1976) Journal of Law and Economics , vol.19 , pp. 211-240
    • Peltzman, S.1
  • 41
    • 24344504289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US v EU: An Examination of the Trade Issues Surrounding Genetically Modified Food
    • Richmond, Virginia
    • Pew (2003) US v EU: An Examination of the Trade Issues Surrounding Genetically Modified Food. Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology, Richmond, Virginia.
    • (2003) Pew, Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology
  • 45
    • 14844346552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Europe's regulation of agricultural biotechnology: precaution or trade distortion?
    • art. 4
    • Sheldon, I. (2004) Europe's regulation of agricultural biotechnology: precaution or trade distortion?. Journal of Agricultural and Food Industrial Organization 2(2), art. 4.
    • (2004) Journal of Agricultural and Food Industrial Organization , vol.2 , Issue.2
    • Sheldon, I.1
  • 48
    • 84890229078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The European situation, genetically modified food and the consumer
    • National Agricultural Biotechnology Council, Ithaca, New York
    • Toet, D.-A. (2001) The European situation, genetically modified food and the consumer. NABC report Vol. 13. National Agricultural Biotechnology Council, Ithaca, New York.
    • (2001) NABC report , vol.13
    • Toet, D.-A.1
  • 49
    • 0003218355 scopus 로고
    • A penny for your quotes: patent citations and the value of innovations
    • Trajtenberg, M. (1990) A penny for your quotes: patent citations and the value of innovations. Rand Journal of Economics 21(1), 172-187.
    • (1990) Rand Journal of Economics , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 172-187
    • Trajtenberg, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.