The treatment of condylar fractures: To open or not to open? A critical review of this controversy

International Journal of Medical Sciences

Volumn 5, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 313-318

  Valiati, Renato ^a   Ibrahim, Danilo ^a   Abreu, Marcelo Emir Requia ^a   Heitz, Claiton ^a   De Oliveira, Rogério Belle ^a   Pagnoncelli, Rogério Miranda ^a   Silva, Daniela Nascimento ^a  

^a PONTIFICAL CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Internal fracture fixation; Jaw fixation techniques; Mandibular condyle; Mandibular fractures; Temporomandibular joint

Indexed keywords

CONDYLAR PROCESS FRACTURE; FRACTURE FIXATION; HUMAN; MANDIBLE CONDYLE; MANDIBLE FRACTURE; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; REVIEW; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT; TREATMENT PLANNING;

EID: 54949129819     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14491907     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7150/ijms.5.313     Document Type: Review

References (34)

1. Mitchell DA. A multicentre audit of unilateral fractures of the mandibular condyle. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial 1997; 35: 230-6.
2. Talwar RM, Ellis III E, Throckmorton GS. Adaptations of the masticatory system after bilateral fractures of the mandibular condylar process. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1998; 56: 430-9.
3. De Riu G, Gamba U, Anghinoni M, Sesenna E. A comparison of open and closed treatment of condylar fractures: a change in philosophy. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001; 30: 384-9.
4. Ellis III E, Throckmorton GS. Treatment of mandibular condylar process fractures: biological considerations. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005; 63: 115-34.
5. Landes CA, Lipphardt R. Prospective evaluation of a pragmatic treatment rationale: open reduction and internal fixation of displaced and dislocated condyle and condylar head fractures and closed reduction of non-displaced, non-dislocated fractures. Part I: condyle and subcondylar fractures. Int J Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2005; 34: 859-70.
6. Asprino L, Consani S, De Moraes M. A comparative biomechanical evaluation of mandibular condyle fracture plating techniques. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 64: 452-6.
7. Alkan A, Metin M, Muǧlali M, Özden B, Nükhet Ç. Biomechanical comparison of plating techniques for fractures of the mandibular condyle. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2007; 45: 145-9.
8. Andersson J, Hallmer F, Eriksson L. Unilateral mandibular condylar fractures: 31-year follow-up of non-surgical treatment. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007; 36: 310-4.
9. Simsek S, Simsek B, Abubaker AO, Laskin DM. A comparative study of mandibular fractures in the United States and Turkey. Int J Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2007; 36: 395-7.
10. Long X, Goss AN. A sheep model of intracapsular condylar fracture. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007; 65: 1102-8.
11. Long X, Cheng Y, Li X, Li H, Hu S. Arteriovenous fistula after mandibular condylar fracture. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004; 62: 1557-8.
12. Choi J, Rotaru H, Kim IK. Treatment of post-traumatic open bite by radiofrequency. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2007; 45: 311-3.
13. Rutges JPHJ, Kruizinga EHW, Rosenberg A, Koole R. Functional results after treatment of fractures of the mandibular condyle. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2007; 45: 30-4.
14. Assael LA. Open versus closed reduction of adult mandibular condyle fractures: an alternative interpretation of the evidence. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003; 61:1333-9.
15. Eckelt U, Schneider M, Erasmus F, Gerlach KL, Kuhlisch E, Loukota R, Rasse M, Schubert J, Terheyden H. Open versus closed treatment of fractures of the mandibular condylar process-a prospective randomized multi-centre study. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 2006; 34: 306-14.
16. Terai H, Shimahara M. Closed treatment of condylar fractures by intermaxillary fixation with thermoforming plates. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2004; 42: 61-3.
17. Landes CA, Lipphardt R. Prospective evaluation of a pragmatic treatment rationale: open reduction and internal fixation of displaced and dislocated condyle and condylar head fractures and closed reduction of non-displaced, non-dislocated fractures. Part II: high condylar and condylar fractures. Int J Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2006; 35: 115-26.
18. Davis BR, Powell JE, Morrison AD. Free-grafting of mandibular condyle fractures: clinical outcomes in 10 consecutive patients. Int J Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2005; 34: 871-6.
19. Haug RH, Assael LA. Outcomes of open versus closed treatment of mandibular subcondylar fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2001; 59: 370-5.
20. Ellis III E, Throckmorton GS. Facial Symmetry After Closed and Open Treatment of Fractures of the Mandibular Condylar Process. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000; 58:719-728.
21. Santler G, Kärcher H, Ruda C, Köle E. Fractures of the condylar process: surgical versus nonsurgical treatment. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1999; 57: 392-7.
22. Marker P, Nielsen A, Lehmann Bastian H. Fractures of the mandibular condyle. Part 2: results of treatment of 348 patients. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2000; 38: 422-6.
23. Ellis III E, Throckmorton GS, Palmieri C. Open treatment of condylar process fractures: assessment of adequacy of repositioning and maintenance of stability. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000; 58: 27-34.
24. Villarreal PM, Monje F, Junquera LM, Mateo J, Morillo AJ, Gonzalez C. Mandibular condyle fractures: determinants of treatment and outcome. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004; 62: 155-163.
25. Ellis III E, Simon P, Thockmorton GS. Occlusal results after open or closed treatment of fractures of the mandibular condylar process. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000; 58: 260-8.
26. Zimmermann CE, Troulis MJ, Kaban LB. Pediatric facial fractures: recent advances in prevention, diagnosis and management. Int J Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2005; 34: 823-33.
27. Banks P. A pragmatic approach to the management of condylar fractures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1998; 27: 244-6.
28. Choi J, Oh N, Kim IK. A follow-up study of condyle fracture in children. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005; 34: 851-8.
29. Tominaga K, Habu M, Khanal A, Mimori Y, Yoshioka I, Fukuda J. Biomechanical evaluation of different types of rigid internal fixation techniques for subcondylar fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 64: 1510-16.
30. Brandt MT, Haug RH. Open versus closed reduction of adult mandibular condyle fractures: a review of the literature regarding the evolution of current thoughts on management. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003; 61: 1324-32.
31. Anastassov GE, Lee H, Schneider R. Arthroscopic reduction of a high condylar process fracture: a case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000; 58: 1048-51.
32. Wagner A, Krach W, Schicho K, Undt G, Ploder O, Ewers R. A 3-dimensional finite-element analysis investigating the biomechanical behavior of the mandible and plate osteosynthesis in cases of fractures of the condylar process. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2002; 94: 678-86.
33. Hlawitschka M, Eckelt U. Assessment of patients treated for intracapsular fractures of the mandibular condyle by closed techniques. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002; 60: 784-91.
34. Nussbaum ML, Laskin DM, Best AM. Closed Versus Open Reduction of Mandibular Condylar Fractures in Adults: A Meta-Analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008; 66:1087-1092.