Imaging diagnosis: Azygous continuation of the caudal vena cava with and without portocaval shunting

Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound

Volumn 49, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 573-576

  Fischetti, Anthony J ^a   Kovak, Janet ^a  

^a ANIMAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Azygous; Discontinuous caudal vena cava; Dog; Portography; Portosystemic shunts; Vascular anomalies

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ARTICLE; CASE REPORT; CONGENITAL MALFORMATION; DOG; DOG DISEASE; FEMALE; INFERIOR CAVA VEIN; MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; METHODOLOGY; PORTAL VEIN; RADIOGRAPHY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VASCULAR DISEASE;

ANIMALS; DOG DISEASES; DOGS; FEMALE; MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; PORTAL VEIN; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VASCULAR DISEASES; VENA CAVA, INFERIOR;

CANIS FAMILIARIS;

EID: 54949119952     PISSN: 10588183     EISSN: 17408261     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2008.00425.x     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. Zwigenberger AL, Schwarz T. Dual-phase CT angiography of the normal canine portal and hepatic vasculature. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2004 45 : 117 124.
2. Buchanan JW. Causes and prevalence of cardiovascular disease. In Kirk RW, Bonagura JD (eds) : Current Veterinary Therapy XI. Philadelphia : Saunders, 1992 647 652.
3. Hunt GB, Bellenger CR, Borg R, et al. Congenital interruption of the portal vein and caudal vena cava: six case reports and a review of the literature. Vet Surg 1998 27 : 203 215.
4. Barthez PY, Siemens LM, Koblik PD. Azygos Continuation of the caudal vena cava in a dog: radiographic and ultrasonographic diagnosis. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 1996 37 : 354 356.
5. Celentano C, Malinger G, Rotmensch S, et al. Prenatal diagnosis of interrupted inferior vena cava as an isolated finding: a benign vascular malformation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1999 14 : 215 218.
6. Noden DM, de Lahunta A (eds). The Embryology of Domestic Animals: Developmental Mechanisms and Malformations. Baltimore : Williams & Wilkins, 1985 257 269.
7. Sadler TW. Langman's Medical Embryology, 10th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006 186 189.
8. Harder MA, Fowler D, Pharr JW, et al. Segmental aplasia of the caudal vena cava in a dog. Can Vet J 2002 43 : 365 368.
9. Frank P, Mahaffey M, Egger C, et al. Helical computed tomographic portography in ten normal dogs and ten dogs with a portosystemic shunt. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2003 44 : 392 400.
10. Funk AJ, Tobias TA, Conley B. What is your diagnosis? Portoazygous shunt with aplasia of the caudal vena cava and hypertrophy of the azygous vein. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2001 1207 1208.
11. Lohnse CL, Selcer RR, Suter PF. Hepatoencephalopathy associated with situs inversus of abdominal organs and vascular anomalies in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1976 681 688.
12. Fraser RG, Pare JAP. Diagnosis of Diseases of the Chest, 3rd ed. Philadelphia : WB Saunders, 1999 2879 2885.
13. Casual recognition of an azygous continuation of the inferior vena cava in a patient with lung cancer. Respiration 1999 66 : 66 68.
14. Hypoplasia of the inferior vena cava with azygous continuation presenting as recurrent deep vein thrombosis. Am J Med Sci 2000 319 : 414 16.