The aquatic sloth Thalassocnus (Mammalia, xenarthra) from the late miocene of North-Central Chile: Biogeographic and ecological implications

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 918-922

  Canto, Jhoann ^a   Salas Gismondi, Rodolfo ^b   Cozzuol, Mario ^c   Yáñez, José ^a  

^a MUSEO NACIONAL DE HISTORIA NATURAL   (Chile)

^b UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS   (Peru)

^c PONTIFICAL CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOGEOGRAPHY; MAMMAL; MIOCENE;

CHILE; SOUTH AMERICA;

EDENTATA; MAMMALIA; SLOTHS; THALASSOCNUS; XENARTHRA;

EID: 54849425788     PISSN: 02724634     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[918:TASTMX]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Alpers, C., and G. Brimhall. 1988. Middle Miocene climatic change in the Atacama desert, northern Chile: evidence from supergene mineralization at La Escondida. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 100:1640-1656.
2. Ameghino, F. 1920. Sur les édentés fossiles de l'Argentine. Examen critique, révision et correction de l'ouvrage de la M. R. Lydekker. Obras Completas y Correspondencia Científica 11:447-909.
3. Bargo, S., S. Vizcaíno, F. Archuby, and E. Blanco. 2000. Limb bone proportions, strength and digging in some Lujanian (Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene) mylodontid ground sloths (Mammalia, Xenarthra). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20:601-610.
4. Canto, J., A. Crovetto, A., and V. Covacevich. 2002. Hallazgo de Pliopontos sp. (Cetacea: Pontoporiidae) en el Neógeno de Chile. Noticiario Mensual del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural 350:28-37.
5. Canto, J., J. Yáñez, and M. A. Cozzuol. 2002. Mamíferos marinos neógenos de la Formación Bahía Inglesa, Caldera, III Región, Chile. Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de Paleontología de Vertebrados, Santiago, Chile:22.
6. Cheneval, J. 1993. L'Avifaune Mio-Pliocène de la Formation Pisco (Pérou) Étude préliminaire. Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie Lyon 125:85-95.
7. Cope, E. D. 1889. The Edentata of North America. American Naturalist 23:657-664
8. De Vries, T. J., and D. Frassinneti. 2003. Range extensions and biogeographic implications of the Chilean neogene mollusks found in Peru. Boletín del Museo Nacional del Historia Natural, Chile 52:119-135.
9. Fariña, R. A., and Blanco R. E. 1996. Megatherium, the stabber. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 263:1725-1729.
10. Guzmán, N., C. Marquardt, L. Ortlieb, and D. Frassinetti. 2000. La malacofauna neogena y cuaternaria del área de Caldera (27°-28° S) especies y rangos bioestratigráficos. Actas IX Congreso Geológico Chileno, 1:476-481.
11. Hartley A. J., G. Chong, J. Houston, and A. E. Mather. 2005. 150 million years of climatic stability: evidence from the Atacama Desert, northern Chile. Journal of the Geological Society, London 162:421-424.
12. Hoffstetter, R. 1982. Les Edentes Xenarthres, un groupe singulier de la faune neotropicale (origine affinities, adaptative, migrations et extintions). Proceedings of the First International Meeting on "Paleontology, Essential of Historical Geology" 1:385-443.
13. Ibaraki, M. 1995. Neogene chronostratigraphy of biosiliceous sediments on the Pacific coast of South America based on planktonic foraminifera. Reports of the Faculty of Science. Shizuoka University 29: 63-71.
14. Long, D. 1993. Late Miocene and Early Pliocene fish assemblages from the north central coast of Chile. Tertiary Research 14:117-126.
15. Marchant, M., C. Marquardt, N. Blanco, and E. Godoy. 2000. Foraminíferos del área de Caldera (26°45′-28° S) y su utilización como indicadores cronoestratigráficos del Neógeno. Actas IX Congreso Geológico Chileno 1:499-503.
16. Marquardt, C., N. Blanco, A. Lavenu, L. Godoy, L. Ortlieb, M. Marchant, and N. Guzmán. 2000. Estratigrafía del Cenozoico superior en el Área de Caldera (26°45′-28° S), III Región de Atacama, Chile. Actas IX Congreso Geológico Chileno 1:504-508.
17. McDonald, H. G., and C. de Muizon. 2002. The cranial anatomy of Thalassocnus (Xenarthra, Mammalia), a derived nothrothere from the Neogene of Pisco Formation (Peru). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22:349-365.
18. Mendel, F. 1981. Use of hands and feet of two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmani) during climbing and terrestrial locomotion. Journal of Mammalogy 62:413-421.
19. Muizon, C. de. 1981. Les Vertébrés fossiles de la Formation Pisco (Pérou). Premièr partie. Deux nouveaux Monachinae (Phocidae, Mammalia) du Pliocène de Sud-Sacaco. Travaux de l'Institute Français d'Études Andines 25:1-188.
20. Muizon, C. de. 1988. Les Vertébrés fossiles de la Formation Pisco (Pérou). Troisième partie: Les Odontocètes (Cetacea, Mammalia) miocènes. Travaux de l'Institute Français d'Études Andines 42: 1-244.
21. Muizon, C. de, and T. J. De Vries. 1985. Geology and paleontology of Late Cenozoic marine deposits in the Sacaco area (Peru). Geologische Rundschau 74:547-563.
22. Muizon, C. de, and H. G. McDonald. 1995. An aquatic sloth from the Pliocene of Peru. Nature 375:224-227.
23. Muizon, C. de, H. G. McDonald, R. Salas, and M. Urbina. 2003. A new early species of the aquatic sloth Thalassocnus (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the late Miocene of Peru. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23:886-894.
24. Muizon, C. de, H. G. McDonald, R. Salas, and M. Urbina. 2004a. The youngest species of the sloth Thalassocnus and a reassessment of the relationships of the sloths (Mammalia: Xenarthra). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24:387-397.
25. Muizon, C. de, H. G. McDonald, R. Salas, and M. Urbina. 2004b. The evolution of feeding adaptations of the aquatic sloth Thalassocnus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24:398-410.
26. Owen, R. 1842. Description of the skeleton of an extinct gigantic sloth, Mylodon robustus, Owen, with observations on the osteology, natural affinities, and probable habits of the megatherioid quadruped in general. R. and J. Taylor, London, 176 pp.
27. Pujos, F., G. De Iuliis, C. Argot, and L. Werdelin. 2007. A peculiar climbing Megalonychidae from the Pleistocene of Peru and its implication for sloth history. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149:179-235.
28. Rojo, M. A. 1985. Un aporte al conocimiento del Terciario marino: Formación Bahía Inglesa. Actas IV Congreso Geológico Chileno 1:514-533.
29. Salas, R., J. Sánchez, and C. Chacaltana. 2002. Primer registro de un ungulado nativo (Mammalia, Litopterna, Macraucheniidae) en el Mioceno superior de la Formación Pisco. XI Congreso Peruano de Geología (Resúmenes), Lima, Perú:217.
30. Salas, R., F. Pujos, and C. de Muizon. 2005. Ossified meniscus and cyamo-fabella in some fossil sloths: a morpho-functional interpretation. Geobios 38:389-394.
31. Simpson, G. G. 1931. A new classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 59:259-293.
32. Walsh, S. A. 2002. Taphonomy and genesis of the Neogene of Bahía Inglesa Formation bonebed, northern Chile. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22(3, Supplement):117A.
33. Walsh, S. A., and J. P. Hume. 2001. A new Neogene marine avian assemblage from North-Central Chile. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21:484-491.
34. Walsh, S. A., and Naish D. 2002. Fossil seals from late Neogene deposit in South America: a new pinniped (Carnivora, Mammalia) assemblage from Chile. Palaeontology 45:821-842.