메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 151-182

An axiomatic characterization of causal counterfactuals

Author keywords

Causality; Counterfactuals; Graphical models; Interventions; Policy analysis; Structural equations

Indexed keywords


EID: 54649084303     PISSN: 12331821     EISSN: 15728471     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1009602825894     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (185)

References (51)
  • 2
    • 0002445730 scopus 로고
    • Counterfactual probabilities: Computation methods, bounds, and applications
    • R.L. de Mantaras and D, Poole (eds.), San Francisco, Morgan Kaufmann
    • A. Balke and J. Pearl (1994), 'Counterfactual probabilities: Computation methods, bounds, and applications', in: R.L. de Mantaras and D, Poole (eds.), Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, pages 11-18, San Francisco, Morgan Kaufmann.
    • (1994) Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence , pp. 11-18
    • Balke, A.1    Pearl, J.2
  • 3
    • 0010750582 scopus 로고
    • Counterfactuals and policy analysis in structural models
    • P. Besnard and S. Hanks, (eds.), San Francisco, Morgan Kaufmann
    • A. Balke and J. Pearl (1995), 'Counterfactuals and policy analysis in structural models' in: P. Besnard and S. Hanks, (eds.), Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, pages 11-18, San Francisco, Morgan Kaufmann.
    • (1995) Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence , pp. 11-18
    • Balke, A.1    Pearl, J.2
  • 5
    • 0042954017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical Report, Department of Statistical Science, University College London, UK
    • A.P. Dawid (1997), Causal inference without counterfactuals. Technical Report, Department of Statistical Science, University College London, UK,
    • (1997) Causal Inference Without Counterfactuals
    • Dawid, A.P.1
  • 6
    • 0039259960 scopus 로고
    • Springer-Verlag, New York
    • P.J. Dhrymcs (1970), Econometrics. Springer-Verlag, New York.
    • (1970) Econometrics
    • Dhrymcs, P.J.1
  • 10
    • 0003144387 scopus 로고
    • A correspondence principle for simultaneous equation models
    • F.M. Fisher (1970), 'A correspondence principle for simultaneous equation models'. Econometrica, 38:73-92.
    • (1970) Econometrica , vol.38 , pp. 73-92
    • Fisher, F.M.1
  • 11
    • 84926096671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical Report R-250-L, Computer Science Department, University of California, Los Angeles, March 1997. Prepared for Foundations of Science, Kluwer Academic Publishers
    • D. Galles and J. Pearl (1997a) An axiomatic characterization of causal counterfactuals. Technical Report R-250-L, Computer Science Department, University of California, Los Angeles, March 1997. Prepared for Foundations of Science, Kluwer Academic Publishers.
    • (1997) An Axiomatic Characterization of Causal Counterfactuals
    • Galles, D.1    Pearl, J.2
  • 12
    • 0031374249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axioms of causal relevance
    • D. Galles and J. Pearl (1997h), ' Axioms of causal relevance'. Artificial Intelligence, 97(l-2):9-43.
    • (1997) Artificial Intelligence , vol.97 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 9-43
    • Galles, D.1    Pearl, J.2
  • 13
    • 0039545614 scopus 로고
    • Counterfactuals and two kinds of expected utility
    • W.L. Harper, R. Stalnaker, and G. Pearce, (eds.), D. Reidel, Dordrecht: Holland
    • A. Gibbard and L. Harper (1981), 'Counterfactuals and two kinds of expected utility', in: W.L. Harper, R. Stalnaker, and G. Pearce, (eds.), Ifs. D. Reidel, Dordrecht: Holland.
    • (1981) Ifs
    • Gibbard, A.1    Harper, L.2
  • 14
    • 0346530273 scopus 로고
    • Reasoning about action I: A possible worlds approach
    • Frank M. Brown, (ed.), Morgan Kaufmann, Los Altos, CA
    • M.L. Ginsberg and D.E. Smith (1987), 'Reasoning about action I: A possible worlds approach'. In Frank M. Brown, (ed.), The Frame Problem in Artificial Intelligence, pages 233-258. Morgan Kaufmann, Los Altos, CA.
    • (1987) The Frame Problem in Artificial Intelligence , pp. 233-258
    • Ginsberg, M.L.1    Smith, D.E.2
  • 18
  • 20
    • 84936109202 scopus 로고
    • Causal inference, path analysis, and recursive structural equations models
    • C. Clogg, editor, American Sociological Association, Washington, D.C.
    • P.W. Holland (1988), 'Causal inference, path analysis, and recursive structural equations models.1 In C. Clogg, editor, Sociological Methodology, pages 449-484 American Sociological Association, Washington, D.C.
    • (1988) Sociological Methodology , pp. 449-484
    • Holland, P.W.1
  • 22
    • 0003257292 scopus 로고
    • When is an equation system complete for statistical purposes?
    • T.C. Koopmans, (ed.), Cowles Commission, Monograph 10. Wiley, New York
    • T.C. Koopmans (1950), 'When is an equation system complete for statistical purposes?' In T.C. Koopmans, (ed.), Statistical Inference in Dynamic Economic Models, Cowles Commission, Monograph 10. Wiley, New York.
    • (1950) Statistical Inference in Dynamic Economic Models
    • Koopmans, T.C.1
  • 23
    • 54749092626 scopus 로고
    • D.F. Hendry and M.S. Morgan (Eds.), Cambridge University Press
    • Reprinted in D.F. Hendry and M.S. Morgan (Eds.), The Foundations of Econometric Analysis, Cambridge University Press, 527-537, 1995.
    • (1995) The Foundations of Econometric Analysis , pp. 527-537
  • 26
    • 0004271399 scopus 로고
    • Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
    • D. Lewis (1973b), Counterfactuals. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
    • (1973) Counterfactuals
    • Lewis, D.1
  • 27
    • 0013037966 scopus 로고
    • Counterfactuals and comparative possibility
    • W.L. Harper, R. Stalnaker, and G. Pearce, (eds.), D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Holland
    • D. Lewis (1981), 'Counterfactuals and comparative possibility', in: W.L. Harper, R. Stalnaker, and G. Pearce, (eds.), Ifs. D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Holland.
    • (1981) Ifs
    • Lewis, D.1
  • 31
    • 0041450954 scopus 로고
    • A probabilistic calculus of actions
    • R.L. de Mantaras and D. Poole, (eds.), San Francisco, Morgan Kaufmann
    • J. Pearl (1994), 'A probabilistic calculus of actions', in: R.L. de Mantaras and D. Poole, (eds.), Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Uncertainty in Arti ficial Intelligence, pages 454-462, San Francisco, Morgan Kaufmann.
    • (1994) Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Uncertainty in Arti Ficial Intelligence , pp. 454-462
    • Pearl, J.1
  • 32
    • 77956888769 scopus 로고
    • Causal diagrams for empirical research
    • J. Pearl (1995a), 'Causal diagrams for empirical research (with discussion). Biometrika, 82(4):669-709.
    • (1995) Biometrika , vol.82 , Issue.4 , pp. 669-709
    • Pearl, J.1
  • 33
    • 0010757113 scopus 로고
    • On the testability of causal models with latent and instrumental variables
    • P. Besnard and S. Hanks, (eds), Morgan Kaufmann
    • J. Pearl (1995b), On the testability of causal models with latent and instrumental variables.' In P. Besnard and S. Hanks, (eds), Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence 11, pages 435-443. Morgan Kaufmann.
    • (1995) Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence , vol.11 , pp. 435-443
    • Pearl, J.1
  • 34
    • 77956684972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and probabilistic causality
    • J. Pearl (1996), 'Structural and probabilistic causality.' Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 34:393-435.
    • (1996) Psychology of Learning and Motivation , vol.34 , pp. 393-435
    • Pearl, J.1
  • 35
    • 11144260550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The new challenge: From a century of statistics to an age of causation
    • J. Pearl (1997a), 'The new challenge: From a century of statistics to an age of causation.' Computing Science and Statistics, 29(2):415-423.
    • (1997) Computing Science and Statistics , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 415-423
    • Pearl, J.1
  • 36
    • 0008573121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the identification of nonparametric structural models
    • M. Berkane, (ed.), Springer-Verlag
    • J. Pearl (1997b), 'On the identification of nonparametric structural models ' In M. Berkane, (ed.), Latent Variable Modeling with Application to Causality, pages 29-68. Springer-Verlag.
    • (1997) Latent Variable Modeling with Application to Causality , pp. 29-68
    • Pearl, J.1
  • 37
    • 0242484515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical Report R-253, Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles
    • J. Pearl (1998a), Graphs, causality, and structural equation models. Technical Report R-253, Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles.
    • (1998) Graphs, Causality, and Structural Equation Models
    • Pearl, J.1
  • 40
    • 0002152348 scopus 로고
    • On the interpretation and observation of laws
    • J.W. Pratt and R. Schlaifer (1988), 'On the interpretation and observation of laws.' Journal of Econometrics, 39:23-52.
    • (1988) Journal of Econometrics , vol.39 , pp. 23-52
    • Pratt, J.W.1    Schlaifer, R.2
  • 41
    • 84925927337 scopus 로고
    • Models with several regimes and charges in exogeneity
    • J.F. Richard (1980), 'Models with several regimes and charges in exogeneity.' The Review of Economic Studies, 47:1-20.
    • (1980) The Review of Economic Studies , vol.47 , pp. 1-20
    • Richard, J.F.1
  • 42
    • 46149139403 scopus 로고
    • A new approach to causal inference in mortality studies with a sustained exposure period - Applications to control of the healthy workers survivor effect
    • J. Robins (1986), 'A new approach to causal inference in mortality studies with a sustained exposure period - applications to control of the healthy workers survivor effect.' Mathematical Modeling, 7:1393-512.
    • (1986) Mathematical Modeling , vol.7 , pp. 1393-1512
    • Robins, J.1
  • 43
    • 0023592958 scopus 로고
    • Addendum to "A new approach to causal inference in mortality studies with sustained exposure periods - Application to control of the healthy worker survivor effect"
    • J. Robins (1987), 'Addendum to "A new approach to causal inference in mortality studies with sustained exposure periods - application to control of the healthy worker survivor effect".' Computers and Mathematics, with Applications., 14:923-45.
    • (1987) Computers and Mathematics, with Applications , vol.14 , pp. 923-945
    • Robins, J.1
  • 44
    • 0005937072 scopus 로고
    • Discussion of "Causal diagrams for empirical research"
    • by J. Pearl
    • J.M. Robins (1995), 'Discussion of "Causal diagrams for empirical research" by J. Pearl.' Biometrika, 82(4):695-698.
    • (1995) Biometrika , vol.82 , Issue.4 , pp. 695-698
    • Robins, J.M.1
  • 45
    • 77951622706 scopus 로고
    • The central role of propensity score in observational studies for causal effects
    • P. Rosenbaum and D. Rubin (1983), 'The central role of propensity score in observational studies for causal effects.' Biometrika, 70:41-55.
    • (1983) Biometrika , vol.70 , pp. 41-55
    • Rosenbaum, P.1    Rubin, D.2
  • 46
    • 58149417330 scopus 로고
    • Estimating causal effects of treatments in randomized and nonrandomized studies
    • D.B. Rubin (1974), 'Estimating causal effects of treatments in randomized and nonrandomized studies.' Journal of Educational Psychology, 66:688-701.
    • (1974) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.66 , pp. 688-701
    • Rubin, D.B.1
  • 48
    • 0001616541 scopus 로고
    • Effect analysis and causation in linear structural equation models
    • M.E. Sobel (1990), 'Effect analysis and causation in linear structural equation models.' Psychometrika, 55:495-515.
    • (1990) Psychometrika , vol.55 , pp. 495-515
    • Sobel, M.E.1
  • 50
    • 0000338832 scopus 로고
    • Recursive versus nonrecursive systems: An attempt at synthesis
    • R.H. Strotz and O.A. Wold (1960), 'Recursive versus nonrecursive systems: An attempt at synthesis.' Econometrica, 28:417-427.
    • (1960) Econometrica , vol.28 , pp. 417-427
    • Strotz, R.H.1    Wold, O.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.