메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 1, Issue 1, 1997, Pages

Using ants as bioindicators: Multiscale issues in ant community ecology

Author keywords

Ants; Biodiversity surrogacy; Bioindicators; Community; Diversity patterns; Functional groups; Multiscale; Spatial scale

Indexed keywords


EID: 54249154775     PISSN: 17083087     EISSN: 17083087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5751/es-00014-010108     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (193)

References (79)
  • 2
    • 0028836775 scopus 로고
    • Monotonic or unimodal diversity-productivity gradients: What does competition theory predict?
    • Abrams, P.A. 1995. Monotonic or unimodal diversity-productivity gradients: what does competition theory predict? Ecology 76: 2019-2127.
    • (1995) Ecology , vol.76 , pp. 2019-2127
    • Abrams, P.A.1
  • 3
    • 0022852811 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of ant community organization in mesic southeastern Australia
    • Andersen, A.N. 1986. Patterns of ant community organization in mesic southeastern Australia. Australian Journal of Ecology 11: 87-99.
    • (1986) Australian Journal of Ecology , vol.11 , pp. 87-99
    • Andersen, A.N.1
  • 4
    • 0025206633 scopus 로고
    • The use of ant communities to evaluate change in Australian terrestrial ecosystems: A review and a recipe
    • _. 1990. The use of ant communities to evaluate change in Australian terrestrial ecosystems: a review and a recipe. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia 16: 347-357.
    • (1990) Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia , vol.16 , pp. 347-357
  • 5
    • 0001543043 scopus 로고
    • Parallels between ants and plants: Implications for community ecology
    • C.R. Huxley and D.C. Cutler, editors. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England
    • _. 1991a. Parallels between ants and plants: implications for community ecology. Pages 539-558 in C.R. Huxley and D.C. Cutler, editors. Ant-plant interactions. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England.
    • (1991) Ant-plant Interactions , pp. 539-558
  • 6
    • 0026363465 scopus 로고
    • Responses of ground-foraging ant communities to three experimental fire regimes in a savanna forest of tropical Australia
    • _. 1991b. Responses of ground-foraging ant communities to three experimental fire regimes in a savanna forest of tropical Australia. Biotropica 23: 575-585.
    • (1991) Biotropica , vol.23 , pp. 575-585
  • 7
    • 0027071316 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of "momentary" diversity by dominant species in exceptionally rich ant communities of the Australian seasonal tropics
    • _. 1992. Regulation of "momentary" diversity by dominant species in exceptionally rich ant communities of the Australian seasonal tropics. American Naturalist 140: 401-420.
    • (1992) American Naturalist , vol.140 , pp. 401-420
  • 8
    • 84977372306 scopus 로고
    • Ants as indicators of restoration success at a uranium mine in tropical Australia
    • _. 1993. Ants as indicators of restoration success at a uranium mine in tropical Australia. Restoration Ecology 1: 156-167.
    • (1993) Restoration Ecology , vol.1 , pp. 156-167
  • 9
    • 33947112917 scopus 로고
    • A classification of Australian ant communities, based on functional groups which parallel plant life-forms in relation to stress and disturbance
    • _. 1995a. A classification of Australian ant communities, based on functional groups which parallel plant life-forms in relation to stress and disturbance. Journal of Biogeography 22: 2297-2311.
    • (1995) Journal of Biogeography , vol.22 , pp. 2297-2311
  • 10
    • 0028975389 scopus 로고
    • Measuring more of biodiversity: Genus richness as a surrogate of species richness in Australian ant faunas
    • _. 1995b. Measuring more of biodiversity: genus richness as a surrogate of species richness in Australian ant faunas. Biological Conservation 73: 39-43.
    • (1995) Biological Conservation , vol.73 , pp. 39-43
  • 11
    • 54249100674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ants as indicators of ecosystem restoration following mining: A functional group approach
    • in press
    • _. 1997a. Ants as indicators of ecosystem restoration following mining: a functional group approach. Pacific Conservation Biology, in press.
    • (1997) Pacific Conservation Biology
  • 12
    • 0030662555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional groups and patterns of organization in North American ant communities: A comparison with Australia
    • in press
    • _. 1997b. Functional groups and patterns of organization in North American ant communities: a comparison with Australia. Journal of Biogeography, in press.
    • (1997) Journal of Biogeography
  • 13
    • 0344620836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring invertebrate biodiversity: Surrogates of ant species richness in the Australian seasonal tropics
    • _. 1997c. Measuring invertebrate biodiversity: surrogates of ant species richness in the Australian seasonal tropics. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria 56: 355-359.
    • (1997) Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria , vol.56 , pp. 355-359
  • 14
    • 54249109116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global ecology of rain forest ants: Functional groups in relation to stress and disturbance
    • In press. D. Agosti, J.D. Majer, L.E. Tennant de Alonso, and E. Schultz, editors. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., USA
    • _. In press. A global ecology of rain forest ants: functional groups in relation to stress and disturbance. Pages 000 in D. Agosti, J.D. Majer, L.E. Tennant de Alonso, and E. Schultz, editors. Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: standard methods for ants. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
    • Measuring and Monitoring Biological Diversity: Standard Methods for Ants
  • 16
    • 0023583370 scopus 로고
    • Ant communities at Rotamah Island, Victoria, with particular reference to disturbance and Rhytidoponera tasmaniensis
    • Andersen, A.N., and M.E. McKaige. 1987. Ant communities at Rotamah Island, Victoria, with particular reference to disturbance and Rhytidoponera tasmaniensis. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 99: 141-146.
    • (1987) Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria , vol.99 , pp. 141-146
    • Andersen, A.N.1    McKaige, M.E.2
  • 17
    • 0028177131 scopus 로고
    • Meat ants as dominant members of Australian ant communities: An experimental test of their influence on the foraging success and forager abundance of other species
    • Andersen, A.N., and A.D. Patel. 1994. Meat ants as dominant members of Australian ant communities: an experimental test of their influence on the foraging success and forager abundance of other species. Oecologia 98: 15-24.
    • (1994) Oecologia , vol.98 , pp. 15-24
    • Andersen, A.N.1    Patel, A.D.2
  • 18
    • 0031459627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ants as indicators of restoration success: Relationship with soil microbial biomass in the Australian seasonal tropics
    • in press
    • Andersen, A.N., and G.P. Sparling. 1997. Ants as indicators of restoration success: relationship with soil microbial biomass in the Australian seasonal tropics. Restoration Ecology 5: in press.
    • (1997) Restoration Ecology , vol.5
    • Andersen, A.N.1    Sparling, G.P.2
  • 19
    • 0030422499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of land use on the structure of ground-foraging ant communities in the Argentine chaco
    • Bestelmeyer, B.T., and J.A. Wiens. 1996. The effects of land use on the structure of ground-foraging ant communities in the Argentine chaco. Ecological Applications 6: 1225-1240.
    • (1996) Ecological Applications , vol.6 , pp. 1225-1240
    • Bestelmeyer, B.T.1    Wiens, J.A.2
  • 20
    • 0004182787 scopus 로고
    • University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA
    • Brown, J.H. 1995. Macroecology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
    • (1995) Macroecology
    • Brown, J.H.1
  • 21
    • 0002654621 scopus 로고
    • Some mechanisms producing structure in natural communities
    • M.L. Cody and J.M. Diamond, editors. Belknap, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
    • Connell, J.H. 1975. Some mechanisms producing structure in natural communities. Pages 460-490 in M.L. Cody and J.M. Diamond, editors.Ecology and evolution of communities. Belknap, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
    • (1975) Ecology and Evolution of Communities , pp. 460-490
    • Connell, J.H.1
  • 22
    • 0017806329 scopus 로고
    • Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs
    • _. 1978. Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs. Science 199: 1302-1310.
    • (1978) Science , vol.199 , pp. 1302-1310
  • 23
    • 0002723232 scopus 로고
    • Assessments using invertebrates: Posing the problem
    • M.B. Usher, editor. Chapman and Hall, London, England
    • Disney, R.H.L. 1986. Assessments using invertebrates: posing the problem. Pages 271-293 in M.B. Usher, editor. Wildlife conservation evaluation. Chapman and Hall, London, England.
    • (1986) Wildlife Conservation Evaluation , pp. 271-293
    • Disney, R.H.L.1
  • 24
    • 0023520694 scopus 로고
    • Interference and exploitation in a guild of woodland ants
    • Fellers, J.H. 1987. Interference and exploitation in a guild of woodland ants. Ecology 68: 1466-1478.
    • (1987) Ecology , vol.68 , pp. 1466-1478
    • Fellers, J.H.1
  • 25
    • 33947143531 scopus 로고
    • Ant communities along a moisture gradient
    • F. di Castri, C. Floret, S. Rambal, and J. Roy, editors. International Union of Biological Sciences, Paris, France
    • Fox, B.J., E. Archer, and M.D. Fox. 1988. Ant communities along a moisture gradient. Pages 661-667 in F. di Castri, C. Floret, S. Rambal, and J. Roy, editors. Time scales and water stress. International Union of Biological Sciences, Paris, France.
    • (1988) Time Scales and Water Stress , pp. 661-667
    • Fox, B.J.1    Archer, E.2    Fox, M.D.3
  • 26
    • 0002778263 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for interspecific competition influencing ant species diversity in a regenerating heathland
    • R.C. Buckley, editor. Dr W. Junk Press, The Hague, The Netherlands
    • Fox, B.J., and M.D. Fox. 1982. Evidence for interspecific competition influencing ant species diversity in a regenerating heathland. Pages 99-110 in R.C. Buckley, editor. Ant-plant interactions in Australia. Dr W. Junk Press, The Hague, The Netherlands.
    • (1982) Ant-plant Interactions in Australia , pp. 99-110
    • Fox, B.J.1    Fox, M.D.2
  • 27
    • 0024197046 scopus 로고
    • The hump-backed species diversity curve: Why has it not been found among land animals?
    • Fuentes, E.R., and F.M. Jaksic. 1988. The hump-backed species diversity curve: why has it not been found among land animals? Oikos 53: 139-143.
    • (1988) Oikos , vol.53 , pp. 139-143
    • Fuentes, E.R.1    Jaksic, F.M.2
  • 28
    • 0025956029 scopus 로고
    • Structure and succession of ant assemblages in a north European sand dune area
    • Gallé, L. 1991. Structure and succession of ant assemblages in a north European sand dune area. Holarctic Ecology 14: 31-37.
    • (1991) Holarctic Ecology , vol.14 , pp. 31-37
    • Gallé, L.1
  • 29
    • 0027838022 scopus 로고
    • Mapping the world's biodiversity: The higher taxon approach
    • Gaston, K.J., and P.H. Williams. 1993. Mapping the world's biodiversity: the higher taxon approach. Biodiversity Letters 1: 2-8.
    • (1993) Biodiversity Letters , vol.1 , pp. 2-8
    • Gaston, K.J.1    Williams, P.H.2
  • 31
    • 36949060119 scopus 로고
    • Competitive exclusion in herbaceous vegetation
    • Grime, J.P. 1973. Competitive exclusion in herbaceous vegetation. Nature 242: 344-347.
    • (1973) Nature , vol.242 , pp. 344-347
    • Grime, J.P.1
  • 33
    • 84855167320 scopus 로고
    • Belknap, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
    • Hölldobler, B., and E.O. Wilson. 1990. The ants. Belknap, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
    • (1990) The Ants
    • Hölldobler, B.1    Wilson, E.O.2
  • 34
    • 0001300549 scopus 로고
    • The analysis of complex population processes
    • Holling, C.S. 1964. The analysis of complex population processes. Canadian Entomologist 96: 335-347.
    • (1964) Canadian Entomologist , vol.96 , pp. 335-347
    • Holling, C.S.1
  • 35
    • 0027707524 scopus 로고
    • Ecology at the mesoscale: The influence of regional processes on local communities
    • R.E. Ricklefs and D. Schluter, editors. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA
    • Holt, R.D. 1993. Ecology at the mesoscale: the influence of regional processes on local communities. Pages 77-88 in R.E. Ricklefs and D. Schluter, editors. Species diversity in ecological communities: historical and geographical perspectives. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
    • (1993) Species Diversity in Ecological Communities: Historical and Geographical Perspectives , pp. 77-88
    • Holt, R.D.1
  • 36
    • 0001942144 scopus 로고
    • A general hypothesis of species diversity
    • Huston, M. 1979. A general hypothesis of species diversity. American Naturalist 113: 81-101.
    • (1979) American Naturalist , vol.113 , pp. 81-101
    • Huston, M.1
  • 38
    • 0027075579 scopus 로고
    • Assessing the indicator properties of species assemblages for natural areas monitoring
    • Kremen, C. 1992. Assessing the indicator properties of species assemblages for natural areas monitoring. Ecological Applications 2: 203-217.
    • (1992) Ecological Applications , vol.2 , pp. 203-217
    • Kremen, C.1
  • 39
    • 0028176743 scopus 로고
    • Biological inventory using target taxa: A case study of the butterflies of Madagascar
    • _. 1994. Biological inventory using target taxa: a case study of the butterflies of Madagascar. Ecological Applications 4: 407-422.
    • (1994) Ecological Applications , vol.4 , pp. 407-422
  • 40
    • 0027101175 scopus 로고
    • The problem of pattern and scale in ecology
    • Levin, S.A. 1992. The problem of pattern and scale in ecology. Ecology 73: 1943-1967.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 1943-1967
    • Levin, S.A.1
  • 41
    • 77957215096 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of diversity, efficiency and community stability
    • Loucks, O.L. 1970. Evolution of diversity, efficiency and community stability. American Zoologist 10: 17-25.
    • (1970) American Zoologist , vol.10 , pp. 17-25
    • Loucks, O.L.1
  • 42
    • 17444416755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A winter's tale: Among-year variation in bird community structure in a southeastern Australian forest
    • Mac Nally, R. 1996. A winter's tale: among-year variation in bird community structure in a southeastern Australian forest. Australian Journal of Ecology 21: 280-291.
    • (1996) Australian Journal of Ecology , vol.21 , pp. 280-291
    • Mac Nally, R.1
  • 43
    • 0000678106 scopus 로고
    • Ants: Bioindicators of mine site rehabilitation, land use and land conservation
    • Majer, J.D. 1983. Ants: bioindicators of mine site rehabilitation, land use and land conservation. Environmental Management 7: 375-383.
    • (1983) Environmental Management , vol.7 , pp. 375-383
    • Majer, J.D.1
  • 44
    • 0022205119 scopus 로고
    • Recolonization by ants of rehabilitated mineral sand mines on North Stradbroke Island, Queensland, with particular reference to seed removal
    • _. 1985. Recolonization by ants of rehabilitated mineral sand mines on North Stradbroke Island, Queensland, with particular reference to seed removal. Australian Journal of Ecology 10: 31-48.
    • (1985) Australian Journal of Ecology , vol.10 , pp. 31-48
  • 46
    • 0027088547 scopus 로고
    • Ant recolonization of rehabilitated bauxite mines of Poços de Caldas, Brazil
    • _. 1992. Ant recolonization of rehabilitated bauxite mines of Poços de Caldas, Brazil. Journal of Tropical Ecology 8: 97-108.
    • (1992) Journal of Tropical Ecology , vol.8 , pp. 97-108
  • 47
    • 0021579249 scopus 로고
    • Recolonization by ants in bauxite mines rehabilitated by a number of different methods
    • Majer, J.D., J.E. Day, E.D. Kabay, and W.S. Perriman. 1984. Recolonization by ants in bauxite mines rehabilitated by a number of different methods. Journal of Applied Ecology 21: 355-375.
    • (1984) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.21 , pp. 355-375
    • Majer, J.D.1    Day, J.E.2    Kabay, E.D.3    Perriman, W.S.4
  • 48
    • 0027061511 scopus 로고
    • Ant recolonization of sand mines near Richards Bay, South Africa: An evaluation of progress with rehabilitation
    • Majer, J.D., and A.E. de Kock. 1992. Ant recolonization of sand mines near Richards Bay, South Africa: an evaluation of progress with rehabilitation. South African Journal of Science 88: 31-36.
    • (1992) South African Journal of Science , vol.88 , pp. 31-36
    • Majer, J.D.1    De Kock, A.E.2
  • 49
    • 0004291197 scopus 로고
    • McKenzie, D.H., D.E. Hyatt, and V.J. McDonald, editors. Chapman and Hall, London, England
    • McKenzie, D.H., D.E. Hyatt, and V.J. McDonald, editors. 1995. Ecological indicators. Chapman and Hall, London, England.
    • (1995) Ecological Indicators
  • 50
    • 0024228533 scopus 로고
    • Comparative structure of harvester ant communities in arid Australia and North America
    • Morton, S.R., and D.W. Davidson. 1988. Comparative structure of harvester ant communities in arid Australia and North America. Ecological Monographs 58: 19-38.
    • (1988) Ecological Monographs , vol.58 , pp. 19-38
    • Morton, S.R.1    Davidson, D.W.2
  • 51
    • 0030411202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing a cost-effective invertebrate survey: A test of some methods for the rapid assessment of invertebrate biodiversity
    • Oliver, I., and A.J. Beattie. 1996. Designing a cost-effective invertebrate survey: a test of some methods for the rapid assessment of invertebrate biodiversity. Ecological Applications 6: 594-607.
    • (1996) Ecological Applications , vol.6 , pp. 594-607
    • Oliver, I.1    Beattie, A.J.2
  • 52
    • 0001847233 scopus 로고
    • Responses of foraging ant populations to high intensity wildfire, salvage logging, and natural regeneration processes in Eucalyptus regnans regrowth forest of the Victorian central highlands
    • Neumann, F.G. 1992. Responses of foraging ant populations to high intensity wildfire, salvage logging, and natural regeneration processes in Eucalyptus regnans regrowth forest of the Victorian central highlands. Australian Forestry 55: 29-38.
    • (1992) Australian Forestry , vol.55 , pp. 29-38
    • Neumann, F.G.1
  • 53
    • 0025626173 scopus 로고
    • Indicators for monitoring biodiversity: A hierarchical approach
    • Noss, R.N. 1990. Indicators for monitoring biodiversity: a hierarchical approach. Conservation Biology 4: 355-364.
    • (1990) Conservation Biology , vol.4 , pp. 355-364
    • Noss, R.N.1
  • 54
    • 34250426091 scopus 로고
    • Intertidal community structure: Experimental studies on the relationship between a dominant competitor and its principal predator
    • Paine, R.T. 1974. Intertidal community structure: experimental studies on the relationship between a dominant competitor and its principal predator. Oecologia 15: 93-120.
    • (1974) Oecologia , vol.15 , pp. 93-120
    • Paine, R.T.1
  • 56
    • 0028810563 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the efficacy of higher taxa and species numbers in the assessment of biodiversity in the neotropics
    • Prance, G.T. 1994. A comparison of the efficacy of higher taxa and species numbers in the assessment of biodiversity in the neotropics. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 345: 89-99.
    • (1994) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B , vol.345 , pp. 89-99
    • Prance, G.T.1
  • 58
    • 0030301038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of ants to monitor environmental impacts of salt spray from a mine in arid Australia
    • Read, J.J. 1996. Use of ants to monitor environmental impacts of salt spray from a mine in arid Australia. Biodiversity and Conservation 5: 1533-1543.
    • (1996) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.5 , pp. 1533-1543
    • Read, J.J.1
  • 59
    • 0028976049 scopus 로고
    • Biological guidelines for freshwater sediment based on BEnthic Assessment of S edimen T (the BEAST) using a multivariate approach for predicting biological state
    • Reynoldson T.B., R.C. Bailey, K.E. Day, and R.H. Norris. 1995. Biological guidelines for freshwater sediment based on BEnthic Assessment of S edimen T (the BEAST) using a multivariate approach for predicting biological state. Australian Journal of Ecology 20: 198-219.
    • (1995) Australian Journal of Ecology , vol.20 , pp. 198-219
    • Reynoldson, T.B.1    Bailey, R.C.2    Day, K.E.3    Norris, R.H.4
  • 60
    • 37049178579 scopus 로고
    • Community diversity: Relative roles of local and regional processes
    • Ricklefs, R.E. 1987. Community diversity: relative roles of local and regional processes. Science 235: 167-171.
    • (1987) Science , vol.235 , pp. 167-171
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 62
    • 0003019878 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of polygyny and polydomy in mound-building Formica ants
    • Rosengren, R., and P. Pamilo. 1983. The evolution of polygyny and polydomy in mound-building Formica ants. Acta Entomologica Fennica 42: 65-77.
    • (1983) Acta Entomologica Fennica , vol.42 , pp. 65-77
    • Rosengren, R.1    Pamilo, P.2
  • 64
    • 0025594710 scopus 로고
    • Species temporal variability: Epigaeic ant assemblages and management for abundance and scarcity
    • Samways, M.J. 1990. Species temporal variability: epigaeic ant assemblages and management for abundance and scarcity. Oecologia 84: 482-490.
    • (1990) Oecologia , vol.84 , pp. 482-490
    • Samways, M.J.1
  • 65
    • 0024248160 scopus 로고
    • A competition hierarchy among boreal ants: Impact on resource partitioning and community structure
    • Savolainen, R., and K. Vepsäläinen. 1988. A competition hierarchy among boreal ants: impact on resource partitioning and community structure. Oikos 51: 135-155.
    • (1988) Oikos , vol.51 , pp. 135-155
    • Savolainen, R.1    Vepsäläinen, K.2
  • 68
    • 0002443545 scopus 로고
    • Guilds and their utility in ecology
    • J. Kikkawa and D.J. Anderson, editors. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Melbourne, Australia
    • Terbourgh, J., and S. Robinson. 1986. Guilds and their utility in ecology. Pages 65-90 in J. Kikkawa and D.J. Anderson, editors. Community ecology: patterns and processes. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Melbourne, Australia.
    • (1986) Community Ecology: Patterns and Processes , pp. 65-90
    • Terbourgh, J.1    Robinson, S.2
  • 69
    • 54249118364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ants as biodiversity indicators
    • In press. D. Agosti, J.D. Majer, L.E. Tennant de Alonso, and E. Schultz, editors. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., USA
    • Tennant de Alonso, L.E. In press. Ants as biodiversity indicators. Pages 000 -000 in D. Agosti, J.D. Majer, L.E. Tennant de Alonso, and E. Schultz, editors. Measuring and monitoring biological diversity: standard methods for ants. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
    • Measuring and Monitoring Biological Diversity: Standard Methods for Ants
    • Tennant De Alonso, L.E.1
  • 71
    • 0000712447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ant communities as bioindicators in relation to fire management of spotted gum (Eucalyptus maculata Hook.) forests in southeast Queensland
    • Vanderwoude, C., A.N. Andersen, and A.P.N. House. 1997. Ant communities as bioindicators in relation to fire management of spotted gum (Eucalyptus maculata Hook.) forests in southeast Queensland. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria 56: 671-675.
    • (1997) Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria , vol.56 , pp. 671-675
    • Vanderwoude, C.1    Andersen, A.N.2    House, A.P.N.3
  • 72
    • 0002284802 scopus 로고
    • Effects of ants on temperate woodland trees
    • C.R. Huxley and D.F. Cutler, editors. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England
    • Whittaker, J.B. 1991. Effects of ants on temperate woodland trees. Pages 67-79 in C.R. Huxley and D.F. Cutler, editors. Ant-plant interactions. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England.
    • (1991) Ant-plant Interactions , pp. 67-79
    • Whittaker, J.B.1
  • 73
    • 0024939275 scopus 로고
    • Spatial scaling in ecology
    • Wiens, J.A. 1989a. Spatial scaling in ecology. Functional Ecology 3: 385-397.
    • (1989) Functional Ecology , vol.3 , pp. 385-397
    • Wiens, J.A.1
  • 74
    • 0003660871 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England
    • _. 1989b. The ecology of bird communities. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.
    • (1989) The Ecology of Bird Communities
  • 75
    • 0002753605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emerging role of patchiness in conservation biology
    • S.T.A. Pickett, R.S. Ostfeld, M. Shachak, and G.E. Likens, editors. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA
    • _. 1997. The emerging role of patchiness in conservation biology. Pages 93-107 in S.T.A. Pickett, R.S. Ostfeld, M. Shachak, and G.E. Likens, editors. Enhancing the ecological basis for conservation: heterogeneity, ecosystem function, and biodiversity. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
    • (1997) Enhancing the Ecological Basis for Conservation: Heterogeneity, Ecosystem Function, and Biodiversity , pp. 93-107
  • 76
    • 84977411740 scopus 로고
    • Use of terrestrial arthropods to evaluate restored riparian woodlands
    • Williams, K.S. 1993. Use of terrestrial arthropods to evaluate restored riparian woodlands. Restoration Ecology 1: 107-116.
    • (1993) Restoration Ecology , vol.1 , pp. 107-116
    • Williams, K.S.1
  • 77
    • 0028179681 scopus 로고
    • Measuring more of biodiversity: Can higher taxon richness predict wholesale species richness?
    • Williams, P.H., and K.J. Gaston. 1994. Measuring more of biodiversity: can higher taxon richness predict wholesale species richness? Biological Conservation 67: 211-217.
    • (1994) Biological Conservation , vol.67 , pp. 211-217
    • Williams, P.H.1    Gaston, K.J.2
  • 78
    • 0028976052 scopus 로고
    • Development and use of a system for predicting the macroinvertebrate fauna in flowing waters
    • Wright, J.F. 1995. Development and use of a system for predicting the macroinvertebrate fauna in flowing waters. Australian Journal of Ecology 20: 181-197.
    • (1995) Australian Journal of Ecology , vol.20 , pp. 181-197
    • Wright, J.F.1
  • 79
    • 0028683765 scopus 로고
    • The long-term effects of fire on forest ant communities: Management implications for the conservation of biodiversity
    • York, A. 1994. The long-term effects of fire on forest ant communities: management implications for the conservation of biodiversity. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 36: 231-239.
    • (1994) Memoirs of the Queensland Museum , vol.36 , pp. 231-239
    • York, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.