Minimizing Perinatal Neurologic Injury at Term: Is Cesarean Section the Answer?

Clinics in Perinatology

Volumn 35, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 549-559

  Miller, Russell ^a   Depp, Richard ^b  

^a Department of Medicine   (United States)

^b DREXEL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

30 minute rule; Cerebral palsy; Cesarean section; Emergency cesarean section; Neonatal encephalopathy

Indexed keywords

BRAIN DISEASE; CEREBRAL PALSY; CESAREAN SECTION; FETUS HEART; HUMAN; MEDICOLEGAL ASPECT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

BIRTH INJURIES; BRAIN INJURIES; CEREBRAL PALSY; CESAREAN SECTION; FEMALE; FETAL DISTRESS; FETAL HYPOXIA; FETAL MONITORING; HEART RATE, FETAL; HUMANS; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY OUTCOME;

EID: 54249097053     PISSN: 00955108     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2008.07.005     Document Type: Review

References (52)

1. Hamilton B.E., Minino A.M., Martin J.A., et al. Annual summary of vital statistics: 2005. Pediatrics 119 2 (2007) 345-360
2. Chauhan S.P., Magann E.F., Scott J.R., et al. Cesarean delivery for fetal distress: rate and risk factors. Obstet Gynecol Surv 58 5 (2003) 337-350
3. Gregory K.D., Curtin S.C., Taffel S.M., et al. Changes in indications for cesarean delivery: United States, 1985 and 1994. Am J Public Health 88 9 (1998) 1384-1387
4. Joseph K.S., Young D.C., Dodds L., et al. Changes in maternal characteristics and obstetric practice and recent increases in primary cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol 102 4 (2003) 791-800
5. Nelson K.B. The epidemiology of cerebral palsy in term infants. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 8 3 (2002) 146-150
6. Winter S., Autry A., Boyle C., et al. Trends in the prevalence of cerebral palsy in a population-based study. Pediatrics 110 6 (2002) 1220-1225
7. Colver A.F., Gibson M., Hey E.N., et al. Increasing rates of cerebral palsy across the severity spectrum in north-east England 1964-1993. The North of England Collaborative Cerebral Palsy Survey. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 83 1 (2000) F7-F12
8. Wu Y.W., Croen L.A., Shah S.J., et al. Cerebral palsy in a term population: risk factors and neuroimaging findings. Pediatrics 118 2 (2006) 690-697
9. Hager R.M., Daltveit A.K., Hofoss D., et al. Complications of cesarean deliveries: rates and risk factors. Am J Obstet Gynecol 190 2 (2004) 428-434
10. Dessole S., Cosmi E., Balata A., et al. Accidental fetal lacerations during cesarean delivery: experience in an Italian level III university hospital. Am J Obstet Gynecol 191 5 (2004) 1673-1677
11. Alexander J.M., Leveno K.J., Hauth J., et al. Fetal injury associated with cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol 108 4 (2006) 885-890
12. van Ham M.A., van Dongen P.W., and Mulder J. Maternal consequences of caesarean section. A retrospective study of intra-operative and postoperative maternal complications of caesarean section during a 10-year period. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 74 1 (1997) 1-6
13. Rajasekar D., and Hall M. Urinary tract injuries during obstetric intervention. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 104 6 (1997) 731-734
14. Phipps M.G., Watabe B., Clemons J.L., et al. Risk factors for bladder injury during cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol 105 1 (2005) 156-160
15. Olde E., van der Hart O., Kleber R., et al. Posttraumatic stress following childbirth: a review. Clin Psychol Rev 26 1 (2006) 1-16
16. American Academy of Pediatrics, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Intrapartum and postpartum care of women. Guidelines for perinatal care. 5th edition (2002), AAP, Elk Grove Village (IL) Washington, DC: ACOG: AAP/ACOG
17. Cohen W.R., and Schifrin B.S. Medical negligence lawsuits relating to labor and delivery. Clin Perinatol 34 2 (2007) 345-360 vii-viii
18. In: Thomas C. (Ed). Jury verdict research: current award trends in personal injury. 46th edition (2007), LRP Publications, Horsham (PA)
19. Wilson N., and Strunk A.L. Overview of the 2006 ACOG survey on professional liability. ACOG Clinical Review 12 2 (2007) 1, 13-6
20. Tussing A.D., and Wojtowycz M.A. Malpractice, defensive medicine, and obstetric behavior. Med Care 35 2 (1997) 172-191
21. Bailit J.L., Garrett J.M., Miller W.C., et al. Hospital primary cesarean delivery rates and the risk of poor neonatal outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 187 3 (2002) 721-727
22. Feldman-Winter L.B., Krueger C.J., Neyhart J.M., et al. Public perceptions of cerebral palsy. J Am Osteopath Assoc 102 9 (2002) 471-475
23. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Task Force on Neonatal Encephalopathy and Cerebral Palsy, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Academy of Pediatrics. Neonatal encephalopathy and cerebral palsy: defining the pathogenesis and pathophysiology. 94th edition (2003), ACOG, Washington, DC
24. Badawi N., Kurinczuk J.J., Keogh J.M., et al. Antepartum risk factors for newborn encephalopathy: the Western Australian case-control study. BMJ 317 7172 (1998) 1549-1553
25. Badawi N., Kurinczuk J.J., Keogh J.M., et al. Intrapartum risk factors for newborn encephalopathy: the Western Australian case-control study. BMJ 317 7172 (1998) 1554-1558
26. Badawi N., Felix J.F., Kurinczuk J.J., et al. Cerebral palsy following term newborn encephalopathy: a population-based study. Dev Med Child Neurol 47 5 (2005) 293-298
27. Strijbis E.M., Oudman I., van Essen P., et al. Cerebral palsy and the application of the international criteria for acute intrapartum hypoxia. Obstet Gynecol 107 6 (2006) 1357-1365
28. Shalak L., and Perlman J.M. Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the term infant-current concepts. Early Hum Dev 80 2 (2004) 125-141
29. Myers R.E. Two patterns of perinatal brain damage and their conditions of occurrence. Am J Obstet Gynecol 112 2 (1972) 246-276
30. Naeye R.L., and Lin H.M. Determination of the timing of fetal brain damage from hypoxemia-ischemia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 184 2 (2001) 217-224
31. Ross M.G., and Gala R. Use of umbilical artery base excess: algorithm for the timing of hypoxic injury. Am J Obstet Gynecol 187 1 (2002) 1-9
32. Grether J.K., and Nelson K.B. Maternal infection and cerebral palsy in infants of normal birth weight. JAMA 278 3 (1997) 207-211
33. Wu Y.W., Escobar G.J., Grether J.K., et al. Chorioamnionitis and cerebral palsy in term and near-term infants. JAMA 290 20 (2003) 2677-2684
34. Romero R., Espinoza J., Goncalves L.F., et al. The role of inflammation and infection in preterm birth. Semin Reprod Med 25 1 (2007) 21-39
35. Pacora P., Chaiworapongsa T., Maymon E., et al. Funisitis and chorionic vasculitis: the histological counterpart of the fetal inflammatory response syndrome. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 11 1 (2002) 18-25
36. Yoon B.H., Romero R., Park J.S., et al. Fetal exposure to an intra-amniotic inflammation and the development of cerebral palsy at the age of three years. Am J Obstet Gynecol 182 3 (2000) 675-681
37. Parer J.T., and King T. Fetal heart rate monitoring: is it salvageable?. Am J Obstet Gynecol 182 4 (2000) 982-987
38. Clark S.L., and Hankins G.D. Temporal and demographic trends in cerebral palsy-fact and fiction. Am J Obstet Gynecol 188 3 (2003) 628-633
39. Freeman R.K. Problems with intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring interpretation and patient management. Obstet Gynecol 100 4 (2002) 813-826
40. ACOG practice bulletin. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists, number 70, December 2005 (replaces practice bulletin number 62, May 2005). Intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring. Obstet Gynecol 106 6 (2005) 1453-1460
41. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Research Planning Workshop. Electronic fetal heart rate monitoring: research guidelines for interpretation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 177 6 (1997) 1385-1390
42. Nelson K.B., Dambrosia J.M., Ting T.Y., et al. Uncertain value of electronic fetal monitoring in predicting cerebral palsy. N Engl J Med 334 10 (1996) 613-618
43. Myers R.E., Beard R., and Adamsons K. Brain swelling in the newborn rhesus monkey following prolonged partial asphyxia. Neurology 19 10 (1969) 1012-1018
44. Adamsons K., and Myers R.E. Late decelerations and brain tolerance of the fetal monkey to intrapartum asphyxia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 128 8 (1977) 893-900
45. Schauberger C.W., Rooney B.L., Beguin E.A., et al. Evaluating the thirty minute interval in emergency cesarean sections. J Am Coll Surg 179 2 (1994) 151-155
46. Tuffnell D.J., Wilkinson K., and Beresford N. Interval between decision and delivery by caesarean section-are current standards achievable? Observational case series. BMJ 322 7298 (2001) 1330-1333
47. MacKenzie I.Z., and Cooke I. Prospective 12 month study of 30 minute decision to delivery intervals for "emergency" caesarean section. BMJ 322 7298 (2001) 1334-1335
48. Holcroft C.J., Graham E.M., Aina-Mumuney A., et al. Cord gas analysis, decision-to-delivery interval, and the 30-minute rule for emergency cesareans. J Perinatol 25 4 (2005) 229-235
49. Kolas T., Hofoss D., and Oian P. Predictions for the decision-to-delivery interval for emergency cesarean sections in Norway. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 85 5 (2006) 561-566
50. Bloom S.L., Leveno K.J., Spong C.Y., et al. Decision-to-incision times and maternal and infant outcomes. Obstet Gynecol 108 1 (2006) 6-11
51. MacKenzie I.Z., and Cooke I. What is a reasonable time from decision-to-delivery by caesarean section? Evidence from 415 deliveries. BJOG 109 5 (2002) 498-504
52. Thomas J., Paranjothy S., and James D. National cross sectional survey to determine whether the decision to delivery interval is critical in emergency caesarean section. BMJ 328 7441 (2004) 665-669