메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 119, Issue 11, 2008, Pages 2623-2635

Brainstem encoding of voiced consonant-vowel stop syllables

Author keywords

Auditory brainstem response; Speech encoding; Stop consonant vowel syllables

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; AUDITORY DISCRIMINATION; BRAIN DEPTH STIMULATION; BRAIN FUNCTION; CHILD; CONSONANT; EVOKED BRAIN STEM AUDITORY RESPONSE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LATENT PERIOD; NERVE POTENTIAL; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPECTROSCOPY; SPEECH DISCRIMINATION; STIMULUS RESPONSE; VOWEL;

EID: 54149090799     PISSN: 13882457     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.07.277     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (72)

References (72)
  • 1
    • 36649006688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensory-based learning disability: insights from brainstem processing of speech sounds
    • Banai K., Abrams D., and Kraus N. Sensory-based learning disability: insights from brainstem processing of speech sounds. Int J Audiol 46 (2007) 524-532
    • (2007) Int J Audiol , vol.46 , pp. 524-532
    • Banai, K.1    Abrams, D.2    Kraus, N.3
  • 2
    • 27344452181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brainstem timing: implications for cortical processing and literacy
    • Banai K., Nicol T., Zecker S.G., and Kraus N. Brainstem timing: implications for cortical processing and literacy. J Neurosci 25 (2005) 9850-9857
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 9850-9857
    • Banai, K.1    Nicol, T.2    Zecker, S.G.3    Kraus, N.4
  • 3
    • 0024816488 scopus 로고
    • Classification of unit types in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus: PST histograms and regularity analysis
    • Blackburn C.C., and Sachs M.B. Classification of unit types in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus: PST histograms and regularity analysis. J Neurophysiol 62 (1989) 1303-1329
    • (1989) J Neurophysiol , vol.62 , pp. 1303-1329
    • Blackburn, C.C.1    Sachs, M.B.2
  • 4
    • 0020160416 scopus 로고
    • The role of the gross spectral shape as a perceptual cue to place articulation in initial stop consonants
    • Blumstein S.E., Isaacs E., and Mertus J. The role of the gross spectral shape as a perceptual cue to place articulation in initial stop consonants. J Acoust Soc Am 72 (1982) 43-50
    • (1982) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.72 , pp. 43-50
    • Blumstein, S.E.1    Isaacs, E.2    Mertus, J.3
  • 5
    • 0018664543 scopus 로고
    • Acoustic invariance in speech production: evidence from measurements of the spectral characteristics of stop consonants
    • Blumstein S.E., and Stevens K.N. Acoustic invariance in speech production: evidence from measurements of the spectral characteristics of stop consonants. J Acoust Soc Am 66 (1979) 1001-1017
    • (1979) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.66 , pp. 1001-1017
    • Blumstein, S.E.1    Stevens, K.N.2
  • 6
    • 0017349855 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal coding of vowel sounds in the cochlear nuclei
    • Caspary D.M., Rupert A.L., and Moushegian G. Neuronal coding of vowel sounds in the cochlear nuclei. Exp Neurol 54 (1977) 414-431
    • (1977) Exp Neurol , vol.54 , pp. 414-431
    • Caspary, D.M.1    Rupert, A.L.2    Moushegian, G.3
  • 7
    • 0029858522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of single neurons in the chinchilla inferior colliculus to consonant-vowel syllables differing in voice-onset time
    • Chen G.D., Nuding S.C., Narayn S.S., and Sinex D.G. Responses of single neurons in the chinchilla inferior colliculus to consonant-vowel syllables differing in voice-onset time. Auditory Neurosci 3 (1996) 179-198
    • (1996) Auditory Neurosci , vol.3 , pp. 179-198
    • Chen, G.D.1    Nuding, S.C.2    Narayn, S.S.3    Sinex, D.G.4
  • 8
    • 0025295559 scopus 로고
    • Auditory nonlinearities measured with auditory-evoked potentials
    • Chertoff M.E., and Hecox K.E. Auditory nonlinearities measured with auditory-evoked potentials. J Acoust Soc Am 87 (1990) 1248-1254
    • (1990) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.87 , pp. 1248-1254
    • Chertoff, M.E.1    Hecox, K.E.2
  • 9
    • 1642465466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventral cochlear nucleus coding of voice onset time in naturally spoken syllables
    • Clarey J.C., Paolini A.G., Grayden D.B., Burkitt A.N., and Clark G.M. Ventral cochlear nucleus coding of voice onset time in naturally spoken syllables. Hear Res 190 (2004) 37-59
    • (2004) Hear Res , vol.190 , pp. 37-59
    • Clarey, J.C.1    Paolini, A.G.2    Grayden, D.B.3    Burkitt, A.N.4    Clark, G.M.5
  • 10
    • 0035051230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobiologic responses to speech in noise in children with learning problems: deficits and strategies for improvement
    • Cunningham J., Nicol T.G., Zecker S.G., and Kraus N. Neurobiologic responses to speech in noise in children with learning problems: deficits and strategies for improvement. Clin Neurophysiol 112 (2001) 758-767
    • (2001) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.112 , pp. 758-767
    • Cunningham, J.1    Nicol, T.G.2    Zecker, S.G.3    Kraus, N.4
  • 11
    • 0032191344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired speech perception in poor readers: evidence from hearing and speech reading
    • de Gelder B., and Vroomen J. Impaired speech perception in poor readers: evidence from hearing and speech reading. Brain Lang 64 (1998) 269-281
    • (1998) Brain Lang , vol.64 , pp. 269-281
    • de Gelder, B.1    Vroomen, J.2
  • 12
    • 84953656135 scopus 로고
    • Acoustic loci and transitional cues for consonants
    • Delattre P., Liberman A.M., and Cooper F.S. Acoustic loci and transitional cues for consonants. J Acoust Soc Am 27 (1955) 769-773
    • (1955) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.27 , pp. 769-773
    • Delattre, P.1    Liberman, A.M.2    Cooper, F.S.3
  • 13
    • 0019158502 scopus 로고
    • Representation of speech-like sounds in the discharge patterns of auditory-nerve fibers
    • Delgutte B. Representation of speech-like sounds in the discharge patterns of auditory-nerve fibers. J Acoust Soc Am 68 (1980) 843-857
    • (1980) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.68 , pp. 843-857
    • Delgutte, B.1
  • 14
    • 0034909060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcortical neural coding mechanisms for auditory temporal processing
    • Frisina R.D. Subcortical neural coding mechanisms for auditory temporal processing. Hear Res 158 (2001) 1-27
    • (2001) Hear Res , vol.158 , pp. 1-27
    • Frisina, R.D.1
  • 15
    • 0025332026 scopus 로고
    • Encoding of amplitude modulation in the gerbil cochlear nucleus: I. A hierarchy of enhancement
    • Frisina R.D., Smith R.L., and Chamberlain S.C. Encoding of amplitude modulation in the gerbil cochlear nucleus: I. A hierarchy of enhancement. Hear Res 44 (1990) 99-122
    • (1990) Hear Res , vol.44 , pp. 99-122
    • Frisina, R.D.1    Smith, R.L.2    Chamberlain, S.C.3
  • 16
    • 0029611098 scopus 로고
    • Intelligible speech encoded in the human brain stem frequency-following response
    • Galbraith G.C., Arbagey P.W., Branski R., Comerci N., and Rector P.M. Intelligible speech encoded in the human brain stem frequency-following response. Neuroreport 6 (1995) 2363-2367
    • (1995) Neuroreport , vol.6 , pp. 2363-2367
    • Galbraith, G.C.1    Arbagey, P.W.2    Branski, R.3    Comerci, N.4    Rector, P.M.5
  • 17
    • 0031059452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speech-evoked brainstem frequency-following responses during verbal transformations due to word repetition
    • Galbraith G.C., Jhaveri S.P., and Kuo J. Speech-evoked brainstem frequency-following responses during verbal transformations due to word repetition. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 102 (1997) 46-53
    • (1997) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.102 , pp. 46-53
    • Galbraith, G.C.1    Jhaveri, S.P.2    Kuo, J.3
  • 18
    • 0002505853 scopus 로고
    • Stimulus calibration in ABR measurements
    • Jacobsen J. (Ed), College-Hill Press, San Diego, Calif.
    • Gorga M., Abbas P., and Worthington D. Stimulus calibration in ABR measurements. In: Jacobsen J. (Ed). The auditory brainstem response (1985), College-Hill Press, San Diego, Calif. 49-62
    • (1985) The auditory brainstem response , pp. 49-62
    • Gorga, M.1    Abbas, P.2    Worthington, D.3
  • 19
    • 0023851423 scopus 로고
    • Auditory brainstem responses to tone bursts in normally hearing subjects
    • Gorga M.P., Kaminski J.R., Beauchaine K.A., and Jesteadt W. Auditory brainstem responses to tone bursts in normally hearing subjects. J Speech Hear Res 31 (1988) 87-97
    • (1988) J Speech Hear Res , vol.31 , pp. 87-97
    • Gorga, M.P.1    Kaminski, J.R.2    Beauchaine, K.A.3    Jesteadt, W.4
  • 21
    • 0027240688 scopus 로고
    • Vowel classification based on fundamental frequency and formant frequencies
    • Hillenbrand J., and Gayvert R.T. Vowel classification based on fundamental frequency and formant frequencies. J Speech Hear Res 36 (1993) 694-700
    • (1993) J Speech Hear Res , vol.36 , pp. 694-700
    • Hillenbrand, J.1    Gayvert, R.T.2
  • 23
    • 27144502685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The brainstem response to speech: a biological marker of auditory processing
    • Johnson K.L., Nicol T.G., and Kraus N. The brainstem response to speech: a biological marker of auditory processing. Ear Hear 26 (2005) 424-434
    • (2005) Ear Hear , vol.26 , pp. 424-434
    • Johnson, K.L.1    Nicol, T.G.2    Kraus, N.3
  • 24
    • 33847775146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Auditory brainstem correlates of perceptual timing deficits
    • Johnson K.L., Nicol T.G., Zecker S.G., and Kraus N. Auditory brainstem correlates of perceptual timing deficits. J Cogn Neurosci 19 (2007) 376-385
    • (2007) J Cogn Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 376-385
    • Johnson, K.L.1    Nicol, T.G.2    Zecker, S.G.3    Kraus, N.4
  • 25
    • 1642342844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural processing of amplitude-modulated sounds
    • Joris P.X., Schreiner C.E., and Rees A. Neural processing of amplitude-modulated sounds. Physiol Rev 84 (2004) 541-577
    • (2004) Physiol Rev , vol.84 , pp. 541-577
    • Joris, P.X.1    Schreiner, C.E.2    Rees, A.3
  • 26
    • 0030796202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The representation of concurrent vowels in the cat anesthetized ventral cochlear nucleus: evidence for a periodicity-tagged spectral representation
    • Keilson S.E., Richards V.M., Wyman B.T., and Young E.D. The representation of concurrent vowels in the cat anesthetized ventral cochlear nucleus: evidence for a periodicity-tagged spectral representation. J Acoust Soc Am 102 (1997) 1056-1071
    • (1997) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.102 , pp. 1056-1071
    • Keilson, S.E.1    Richards, V.M.2    Wyman, B.T.3    Young, E.D.4
  • 27
    • 0020642039 scopus 로고
    • Time-varying features as correlates of place of articulation in stop consonants
    • Kewley-Port D. Time-varying features as correlates of place of articulation in stop consonants. J Acoust Soc Am 73 (1983) 322-335
    • (1983) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.73 , pp. 322-335
    • Kewley-Port, D.1
  • 28
    • 0020752572 scopus 로고
    • Perception of static and dynamic acoustic cues to place of articulation in initial stop consonants
    • Kewley-Port D., Pisoni D.B., and Studdert-Kennedy M. Perception of static and dynamic acoustic cues to place of articulation in initial stop consonants. J Acoust Soc Am 73 (1983) 1779-1793
    • (1983) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.73 , pp. 1779-1793
    • Kewley-Port, D.1    Pisoni, D.B.2    Studdert-Kennedy, M.3
  • 29
    • 0037083206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficits in auditory brainstem pathway encoding of speech sounds in children with learning problems
    • King C., Warrier C.M., Hayes E., and Kraus N. Deficits in auditory brainstem pathway encoding of speech sounds in children with learning problems. Neurosci Lett 319 (2002) 111-115
    • (2002) Neurosci Lett , vol.319 , pp. 111-115
    • King, C.1    Warrier, C.M.2    Hayes, E.3    Kraus, N.4
  • 30
    • 0018986665 scopus 로고
    • Software for a cascade/parallel formant synthesizer
    • Klatt D.H. Software for a cascade/parallel formant synthesizer. J Acoust Soc Am 67 (1980) 971-995
    • (1980) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.67 , pp. 971-995
    • Klatt, D.H.1
  • 31
    • 15944404333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brainstem origins for cortical 'what' and 'where' pathways in the auditory system
    • Kraus N., and Nicol T.G. Brainstem origins for cortical 'what' and 'where' pathways in the auditory system. Trends Neurosci 28 (2005) 176-181
    • (2005) Trends Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 176-181
    • Kraus, N.1    Nicol, T.G.2
  • 32
    • 0032924087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human frequency-following responses to two-tone approximations of steady-state vowels
    • Krishnan A. Human frequency-following responses to two-tone approximations of steady-state vowels. Audiol Neurootol 4 (1999) 95-103
    • (1999) Audiol Neurootol , vol.4 , pp. 95-103
    • Krishnan, A.1
  • 33
    • 0035985788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human frequency-following responses: representation of steady-state synthetic vowels
    • Krishnan A. Human frequency-following responses: representation of steady-state synthetic vowels. Hear Res 166 (2002) 192-201
    • (2002) Hear Res , vol.166 , pp. 192-201
    • Krishnan, A.1
  • 34
    • 0030608723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural processing and representation of periodicity pitch
    • Langner G. Neural processing and representation of periodicity pitch. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 532 (1997) 68-76
    • (1997) Acta Otolaryngol Suppl , vol.532 , pp. 68-76
    • Langner, G.1
  • 35
    • 0031444443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency and periodicity are represented in orthogonal maps in the human auditory cortex: evidence from magnetoencephalography
    • Langner G., Sams M., Heil P., and Schulze H. Frequency and periodicity are represented in orthogonal maps in the human auditory cortex: evidence from magnetoencephalography. J Comp Physiol A: Sensory, Neural Behav Physiol 181 (1997) 665-676
    • (1997) J Comp Physiol A: Sensory, Neural Behav Physiol , vol.181 , pp. 665-676
    • Langner, G.1    Sams, M.2    Heil, P.3    Schulze, H.4
  • 36
    • 0024241221 scopus 로고
    • Periodicity coding in the inferior colliculus of the cat. I. Neuronal mechanisms
    • Langner G., and Schreiner C.E. Periodicity coding in the inferior colliculus of the cat. I. Neuronal mechanisms. J Neurophysiol 60 (1988) 1799-1822
    • (1988) J Neurophysiol , vol.60 , pp. 1799-1822
    • Langner, G.1    Schreiner, C.E.2
  • 38
    • 0031050412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of decreased audibility produced by high-pass noise masking on cortical event-related potentials to speech sounds/ba/ and/da/
    • Martin B.A., Sigal A., Kurtzberg D., and Stapells D.R. The effects of decreased audibility produced by high-pass noise masking on cortical event-related potentials to speech sounds/ba/ and/da/. J Acoust Soc Am 101 (1997) 1585-1599
    • (1997) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.101 , pp. 1585-1599
    • Martin, B.A.1    Sigal, A.2    Kurtzberg, D.3    Stapells, D.R.4
  • 39
    • 0029896341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acoustic elements of speechlike stimuli are reflected in surface recorded responses over the guinea pig temporal lobe
    • McGee T., Kraus N., King C., Nicol T., and Carrell T.D. Acoustic elements of speechlike stimuli are reflected in surface recorded responses over the guinea pig temporal lobe. J Acoust Soc Am 99 (1996) 3606-3614
    • (1996) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.99 , pp. 3606-3614
    • McGee, T.1    Kraus, N.2    King, C.3    Nicol, T.4    Carrell, T.D.5
  • 40
    • 0016703883 scopus 로고
    • Representation of cochlea within primary auditory cortex in the cat
    • Merzenich M.M., Knight P.L., and Roth G.L. Representation of cochlea within primary auditory cortex in the cat. J Neurophysiol 38 (1975) 231-249
    • (1975) J Neurophysiol , vol.38 , pp. 231-249
    • Merzenich, M.M.1    Knight, P.L.2    Roth, G.L.3
  • 41
    • 0016164935 scopus 로고
    • Representation of the cochlea within the inferior colliculus of the cat
    • Merzenich M.M., and Reid M.D. Representation of the cochlea within the inferior colliculus of the cat. Brain Res 77 (1974) 397-415
    • (1974) Brain Res , vol.77 , pp. 397-415
    • Merzenich, M.M.1    Reid, M.D.2
  • 42
    • 0020799134 scopus 로고
    • Representation of stop consonants in the discharge patterns of auditory-nerve fibers
    • Miller M.I., and Sachs M.B. Representation of stop consonants in the discharge patterns of auditory-nerve fibers. J Acoust Soc Am 74 (1983) 502-517
    • (1983) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.74 , pp. 502-517
    • Miller, M.I.1    Sachs, M.B.2
  • 43
    • 0021214419 scopus 로고
    • Representation of voice pitch in discharge patterns of auditory-nerve fibers
    • Miller M.I., and Sachs M.B. Representation of voice pitch in discharge patterns of auditory-nerve fibers. Hear Res 14 (1984) 257-279
    • (1984) Hear Res , vol.14 , pp. 257-279
    • Miller, M.I.1    Sachs, M.B.2
  • 44
    • 0022630940 scopus 로고
    • The representation of steady-state vowel sounds in the temporal discharge patterns of the guinea pig cochlear nerve and primarylike cochlear nucleus neurons
    • Palmer A.R., Winter I.M., and Darwin C.J. The representation of steady-state vowel sounds in the temporal discharge patterns of the guinea pig cochlear nerve and primarylike cochlear nucleus neurons. J Acoust Soc Am 79 (1986) 100-113
    • (1986) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.79 , pp. 100-113
    • Palmer, A.R.1    Winter, I.M.2    Darwin, C.J.3
  • 45
    • 4344587846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human frequency-following response correlates of the distortion product at 2F1-F2
    • Pandya P.K., and Krishnan A. Human frequency-following response correlates of the distortion product at 2F1-F2. J Am Acad Audiol 15 (2004) 184-197
    • (2004) J Am Acad Audiol , vol.15 , pp. 184-197
    • Pandya, P.K.1    Krishnan, A.2
  • 46
    • 0033926657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Representation of vowel stimuli in the ventral cochlear nucleus of the chinchilla
    • Recio A., and Rhode W.S. Representation of vowel stimuli in the ventral cochlear nucleus of the chinchilla. Hear Res 146 (2000) 167-184
    • (2000) Hear Res , vol.146 , pp. 167-184
    • Recio, A.1    Rhode, W.S.2
  • 47
    • 0031893105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural encoding of single-formant stimuli in the ventral cochlear nucleus of the chinchilla
    • Rhode W.S. Neural encoding of single-formant stimuli in the ventral cochlear nucleus of the chinchilla. Hear Res 117 (1998) 39-56
    • (1998) Hear Res , vol.117 , pp. 39-56
    • Rhode, W.S.1
  • 48
    • 0025866455 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological evidence of nonlinear distortion products to two-tone stimuli
    • Rickman M.D., Chertoff M.E., and Hecox K.E. Electrophysiological evidence of nonlinear distortion products to two-tone stimuli. J Acoust Soc Am 89 (1991) 2818-2826
    • (1991) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.89 , pp. 2818-2826
    • Rickman, M.D.1    Chertoff, M.E.2    Hecox, K.E.3
  • 49
    • 0001329468 scopus 로고
    • Microelectrode studies of the cochlear nuclei of the cat
    • Rose J.E., Galambos R., and Hughes J.R. Microelectrode studies of the cochlear nuclei of the cat. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 104 (1959) 211-251
    • (1959) Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp , vol.104 , pp. 211-251
    • Rose, J.E.1    Galambos, R.2    Hughes, J.R.3
  • 50
  • 51
    • 0018617277 scopus 로고
    • Encoding of steady-state vowels in the auditory nerve: representation in terms of discharge rate
    • Sachs M.B., and Young E.D. Encoding of steady-state vowels in the auditory nerve: representation in terms of discharge rate. J Acoust Soc Am 66 (1979) 470-479
    • (1979) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.66 , pp. 470-479
    • Sachs, M.B.1    Young, E.D.2
  • 52
    • 0019207002 scopus 로고
    • Effects of nonlinearities on speech encoding in the auditory nerve
    • Sachs M.B., and Young E.D. Effects of nonlinearities on speech encoding in the auditory nerve. J Acoust Soc Am 68 (1980) 858-875
    • (1980) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.68 , pp. 858-875
    • Sachs, M.B.1    Young, E.D.2
  • 53
    • 0024263459 scopus 로고
    • Periodicity coding in the inferior colliculus of the cat. II. Topographical organization
    • Schreiner C.E., and Langner G. Periodicity coding in the inferior colliculus of the cat. II. Topographical organization. J Neurophysiol 60 (1988) 1823-1840
    • (1988) J Neurophysiol , vol.60 , pp. 1823-1840
    • Schreiner, C.E.1    Langner, G.2
  • 54
    • 0024516063 scopus 로고
    • Synchronized discharge rate representation of voice-onset time in the chinchilla auditory nerve
    • Sinex D.G., and McDonald L.P. Synchronized discharge rate representation of voice-onset time in the chinchilla auditory nerve. J Acoust Soc Am 85 (1989) 1995-2004
    • (1989) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.85 , pp. 1995-2004
    • Sinex, D.G.1    McDonald, L.P.2
  • 55
    • 0023443122 scopus 로고
    • Differences in human and monkey sensitivity to acoustic cues underlying voicing contrasts
    • Sinnott J.M., and Adams F.S. Differences in human and monkey sensitivity to acoustic cues underlying voicing contrasts. J Acoust Soc Am 82 (1987) 1539-1547
    • (1987) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.82 , pp. 1539-1547
    • Sinnott, J.M.1    Adams, F.S.2
  • 56
    • 0028907757 scopus 로고
    • Tonotopic organization of responses reflecting stop consonant place of articulation in primary auditory cortex (A1) of the monkey
    • Steinschneider M., Reser D., Schroeder C.E., and Arezzo J.C. Tonotopic organization of responses reflecting stop consonant place of articulation in primary auditory cortex (A1) of the monkey. Brain Res 674 (1995) 147-152
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.674 , pp. 147-152
    • Steinschneider, M.1    Reser, D.2    Schroeder, C.E.3    Arezzo, J.C.4
  • 58
    • 0018038036 scopus 로고
    • Invariant cues for place of articulation in stop consonants
    • Stevens K.N., and Blumstein S. Invariant cues for place of articulation in stop consonants. J Acoust Soc Am 64 (1978) 1358-1368
    • (1978) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.64 , pp. 1358-1368
    • Stevens, K.N.1    Blumstein, S.2
  • 59
    • 0016033456 scopus 로고
    • Role of formant transitions in the voiced-voiceless distinction for stops
    • Stevens K.N., and Klatt D.H. Role of formant transitions in the voiced-voiceless distinction for stops. J Acoust Soc Am 55 (1974) 653-659
    • (1974) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.55 , pp. 653-659
    • Stevens, K.N.1    Klatt, D.H.2
  • 60
    • 0018663640 scopus 로고
    • Neural axis representing target range in the auditory cortex of the mustache bat
    • Suga N., and O'Neill W.E. Neural axis representing target range in the auditory cortex of the mustache bat. Science 206 (1979) 351-353
    • (1979) Science , vol.206 , pp. 351-353
    • Suga, N.1    O'Neill, W.E.2
  • 61
    • 0017399398 scopus 로고
    • On the dissociation of spectral and temporal cues to the voicing distinction in initial stop consonants
    • Summerfield Q., and Haggard M. On the dissociation of spectral and temporal cues to the voicing distinction in initial stop consonants. J Acoust Soc Am 62 (1977) 435-448
    • (1977) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.62 , pp. 435-448
    • Summerfield, Q.1    Haggard, M.2
  • 62
    • 0018888228 scopus 로고
    • Auditory temporal perception, phonics, and reading disabilities in children
    • Tallal P. Auditory temporal perception, phonics, and reading disabilities in children. Brain Lang 9 (1980) 182-198
    • (1980) Brain Lang , vol.9 , pp. 182-198
    • Tallal, P.1
  • 63
    • 0019471314 scopus 로고
    • Speech acoustic-cue discrimination abilities of normally developing and language-impaired children
    • Tallal P., and Stark R.E. Speech acoustic-cue discrimination abilities of normally developing and language-impaired children. J Acoust Soc Am 69 (1981) 568-574
    • (1981) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.69 , pp. 568-574
    • Tallal, P.1    Stark, R.E.2
  • 64
    • 0018412921 scopus 로고
    • Effects of stimulus-onset asynchrony on the dichotic performance of children with auditory-processing disorders
    • Tobey E.A., Cullen Jr. J.K., and Rampp D.L. Effects of stimulus-onset asynchrony on the dichotic performance of children with auditory-processing disorders. J Speech Hear Res 22 (1979) 197-211
    • (1979) J Speech Hear Res , vol.22 , pp. 197-211
    • Tobey, E.A.1    Cullen Jr., J.K.2    Rampp, D.L.3
  • 65
    • 0019797257 scopus 로고
    • Error analysis on the California Consonant Test by manner of articulation
    • Townsend T.H., and Schwartz D.M. Error analysis on the California Consonant Test by manner of articulation. Ear Hear 2 (1981) 108-111
    • (1981) Ear Hear , vol.2 , pp. 108-111
    • Townsend, T.H.1    Schwartz, D.M.2
  • 66
    • 0020461063 scopus 로고
    • Perception of short-term spectral cues for stop consonant place by normal and hearing-impaired subjects
    • Van Tasell D.J., Hagen L.T., Koblas L.L., and Penner S.G. Perception of short-term spectral cues for stop consonant place by normal and hearing-impaired subjects. J Acoust Soc Am 72 (1982) 1771-1780
    • (1982) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.72 , pp. 1771-1780
    • Van Tasell, D.J.1    Hagen, L.T.2    Koblas, L.L.3    Penner, S.G.4
  • 67
    • 0028127981 scopus 로고
    • Neural encoding of single-formant stimuli in the cat. II. Responses of anteroventral cochlear nucleus units
    • Wang X., and Sachs M.B. Neural encoding of single-formant stimuli in the cat. II. Responses of anteroventral cochlear nucleus units. J Neurophysiol 71 (1994) 59-78
    • (1994) J Neurophysiol , vol.71 , pp. 59-78
    • Wang, X.1    Sachs, M.B.2
  • 68
    • 3843119692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atypical brainstem representation of onset and formant structure of speech sounds in children with language-based learning problems
    • Wible B., Nicol T., and Kraus N. Atypical brainstem representation of onset and formant structure of speech sounds in children with language-based learning problems. Biol Psychol 67 (2004) 299-317
    • (2004) Biol Psychol , vol.67 , pp. 299-317
    • Wible, B.1    Nicol, T.2    Kraus, N.3
  • 69
    • 77956617658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encoding of complex sounds in an animal model: Implications for understanding speech perception in humans
    • Heil P., König R., Budinger E., and Scheich H. (Eds), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ
    • Wible B., Nicol T., and Kraus N. Encoding of complex sounds in an animal model: Implications for understanding speech perception in humans. In: Heil P., König R., Budinger E., and Scheich H. (Eds). The auditory cortex - a synthesis of human and animal research (2004), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ 241-254
    • (2004) The auditory cortex - a synthesis of human and animal research , pp. 241-254
    • Wible, B.1    Nicol, T.2    Kraus, N.3
  • 70
    • 13544264427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between brainstem and cortical auditory processes in normal and language-impaired children
    • Wible B., Nicol T., and Kraus N. Correlation between brainstem and cortical auditory processes in normal and language-impaired children. Brain 128 (2005) 417-423
    • (2005) Brain , vol.128 , pp. 417-423
    • Wible, B.1    Nicol, T.2    Kraus, N.3
  • 72
    • 0018606571 scopus 로고
    • Representation of steady-state vowels in the temporal aspects of the discharge patterns of populations of auditory-nerve fibers
    • Young E.D., and Sachs M.B. Representation of steady-state vowels in the temporal aspects of the discharge patterns of populations of auditory-nerve fibers. J Acoust Soc Am 66 (1979) 1381-1403
    • (1979) J Acoust Soc Am , vol.66 , pp. 1381-1403
    • Young, E.D.1    Sachs, M.B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.