Australian society for geriatric medicine: Position statement no. 13 delirium in older people

Australasian Journal on Ageing

Volumn 25, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 104-108

[No Author Info available]

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 53749091288     PISSN: 14406381     EISSN: 17416612     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-6612.2006.00161.x     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Inouye SK. Delirium in hospitalized older patients. Clinical Geriatrics Medicine 1998; 14: 745-764.
2. Gustafson Y, Berggren D, Brannstrom B et al. Acute confusional states in elderly patients treated for femoral neck fracture. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1988; 36: 525-530.
3. Bucht G, Gustafson Y, Sandberg O. Epidemiology of delirium. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 1999; 10: 315-318.
4. Tinetti ME, Inouye SK, Gill TM. Shared risk factors for falls, incontinence, and functional dependence. Unifying the approach to geriatric syndromes. Journal of the American Medical Association 1995; 273: 1348-1353.
5. Inouye SK, Charpentier PA. Precipitating factors for delirium in hospitalised elderly persons: predictive model and inter-relationship with baseline vulnerability. Journal of the American Medical Association 1996; 275: 852-857.
6. Elie M, Cole MG, Primeau FJ et al. Delirium risk factors in elderly hospitalized patients. Journal of General Internal Medicine 1998; 13: 204-212.
7. Inouye SK. Prevention of delirium in hospitalised older patients: risk factors and targeted intervention strategies. Annals of Medicine 2000; 32: 257-263.
8. Rolfson D. The causes of delirium. In: Lindesay J, Rockwood K, Macdonald A, eds. Delirium in the Elderly. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002: 101-122.
9. Flacker JM, Marcantonio ER. Delirium in the elderly: optimal management. Drugs Ageing 1998; 13: 119-130.
10. Han L, McCusker J, Cole M. Use of medications with anticholinergic effect predicts clinical severity of delirium symptoms in older medical inpatients. Archives of Internal Medicine 2001; 161: 1099-1105.
11. Tune L, Carr S, Hoag E. Anticholinergic effects of drugs commonly prescribed for the elderly: potential means of assessing risk of delirium. American Journal of Psychiatry 1992; 149: 1393-1394.
12. Trzepacz PT. Update on the neuropathogenesis of delirium. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 1999; 10: 330-334.
13. Trzepacz PT. Is there a final common neural pathway in delirium? Focus on acetylcholine and dopamine. Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry 2000; 5: 132-148.
14. Olsson T. Activity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and delirium. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 1999; 10: 345-349.
15. Cole MG. Delirium in elderly patients. American Journal of Geriatrics Psychiatry 2004; 12: 7-21.
16. Inouye SK, Bogardus ST Jr, Charpentier PA. A multicomponent intervention to prevent delirium in hospitalized older patients. New England Journal of Medicine 1999; 340: 669-676.
17. Inouye SK, Bogardus ST, Williams CS et al. The role of adherence on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions: evidence from the delirium prevention trial. Archives of Internal Medicine 2003; 163: 958-964.
18. Marcantonio ER, Flacker Wright RJ et al. Reducing delirium after hip fracture: a randomized trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2001; 49: 516-522.
19. Meagher DJ, O'Hanlon D, O'Mahony E et al. The use of environmental strategies and psychotropic medication in the management of delirium. British Journal of Psychiatry 1996; 168: 512-515.
20. Inouye SK. The dilemma of delirium in hospitalised elderly medical patients. American Journal of Medicine 1994; 97: 278-288.
21. Jitapunkul S, Pillay I, Ebrahim S. Delirium in newly admitted elderly patients: a prospective study. QJM 1992; 83: 307-314.
22. Inouye SK, van Dyck CH, Alessi CA. Clarifying confusion: the confusion assessment method. A new method for detection of delirium. Annals of Internal Medicine 1990; 113: 941-948.
23. O'Keeffe ST, Lavan JN. Subcutaneous fluids in elderly hospital patients with cognitive impairment. Gerontology 1996; 42: 36-39.
24. Meagher DJ, Delirium. Optimising management. British Medical Journal 2001; 322: 144-149.
25. Cole MG, Primeau FJ, Elie LM. Delirium: prevention, treatment, and outcome studies. Journal of Geriatrics Psychiatry Neurology 1998; 11: 126-137; discussion 157-8.
26. Cole MG, McCusker J, Bellavance F et al. Systematic detection and multidisciplinary care of delirium in older medical inpatients: a randomized trial. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2002; 167: 753-759.
27. Rockwood KJ. Out of the furrow and into the fire: where do we go with delirium? Canadian Medical Association Journal 2002; 167: 763-764.
28. Flaherty JH, Tariq SH, Raghavan S et al. A model for managing delirious older inpatients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2003; 51: 1031-1035.
29. Rozzini R, Sabatini T, Trabucchi M. Do we need delirium units? Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2005; 53: 914.
30. Trzepac P, Breitbart W, Franklin J. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with delirium. American Journal of Psychiatry 1999; 156: 1- 20.
31. Gill S, Rochon P, Herrmann N et al. Atypical antipsychotic drugs and risk of ischaemic stroke: population-based retrospective cohort study. British Medical Journal 2005; 330: 445-445.
32. O'Keeffe S, Lavan J. The prognostic significance of delirium in older hospital patients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 1997; 45: 174-178.
33. Levkoff SE, Evans DA, Liptzin B et al. Delirium: the occurrence and persistence of symptoms among elderly hospitalized patients. Archives of Internal Medicine 1992; 152: 334-340.
34. McCusker J, Cole M, Dendukuri N et al. The course of delirium in older medical inpatients: a prospective study. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2003; 18: 696-704.
35. McCusker J, Cole M, Dendukuri N et al. Delirium in older medical inpatients and subsequent cognitive and functional status. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2001; 165: 575-583.
36. Stevens LE et al. Delirium in hospital: does it increase length of stay? Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1998; 32: 805-808.
37. Rockwood K, Cosway S, Carver D et al. The risk of dementia and death after delirium. Age and Ageing 1999; 28: 551-556.
38. Marcantonio ER, Flacker JM, Michaels M et al. Delirium is independently associated with poor functional recovery after hip fracture. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2000; 48: 618-624.
39. Inouye SK, Rushing JT, Foreman MD. Does delirium contribute to poor hospital outcomes? A three-site epidemiologic study. Journal of General Internal Medicine 1998; 13: 234-242.
40. McCuscker J, Cole M, Abrahamowicz M et al. Delirium predicts 12-month mortality. Archives of Internal Medicine 2002; 162: 457-463.
41. Schofield I. A small exploratory study of the reaction of older people to an episode of delirium. Journal of Advances in Nursing 1997; 25: 942-952.
42. Bowker M. Delirium: everyone's psychosis. British Medical Journal 1995; 310: 473.
43. Inouye SK, Schlesinger MJ, Lydon TJ. Delirium: a symptom of how hospital care is failing older persons and a window to improve quality of hospital care. American Journal of Medicine 1999; 106: 565-573