메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 180-187

Botulinum toxin treatment of pelvic floor disorders and genital pain in women

Author keywords

Botulinum toxin type A; Chronic pelvic pain; EMG; Pelvic floor disorders; Urinary dysfunctions; Vaginismus; Vulvar vestibulitis syndrome

Indexed keywords

BOTULINUM TOXIN A; PLACEBO; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

EID: 53649106529     PISSN: 15734048     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157340408785821755     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (3)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0033559080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metts JF. Vulvodynia and vulvar vestibulitis: challenges in diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician 1999; 59:1 547-56, 1561-2.
    • Metts JF. Vulvodynia and vulvar vestibulitis: challenges in diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician 1999; 59:1 547-56, 1561-2.
  • 2
    • 33645535769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulvodynia: Diagnosis and management
    • Reed BD. Vulvodynia: diagnosis and management. Fam Physician 2006; 73: 1231-8.
    • (2006) Fam Physician , vol.73 , pp. 1231-1238
    • Reed, B.D.1
  • 3
    • 53649088604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Graziottin A. Sexual pain disorders: dyspareunia and vaginismus In: Porst H. Buvat J. (Fds), ISSM (International Society of Sexual Medicine) Standard Committee Book, Standard practice in Sexual Medicine, Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 2006; 342-350.
    • Graziottin A. Sexual pain disorders: dyspareunia and vaginismus In: Porst H. Buvat J. (Fds), ISSM (International Society of Sexual Medicine) Standard Committee Book, Standard practice in Sexual Medicine, Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 2006; 342-350.
  • 4
    • 41849142307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dyspareunia and vaginismus: Review of the literature and treatment
    • 5: 43-50
    • Graziottin A. Dyspareunia and vaginismus: review of the literature and treatment. Current Sexual Health Reports 2008; 5: 43-50.
    • Current Sexual Health Reports 2008
    • Graziottin, A.1
  • 5
    • 46749085461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic pelvic pain in women
    • Ortiz DD. Chronic pelvic pain in women. Am Fam Physician 2008; 77: 1535-42.
    • (2008) Am Fam Physician , vol.77 , pp. 1535-1542
    • Ortiz, D.D.1
  • 7
    • 33645565344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors predisposing women to chronic pelvic pain: Systematic review
    • Latthe P, Mignini L, Gray R, Hills R, Khan K. Factors predisposing women to chronic pelvic pain: systematic review. BMJ 2006; 332: 749-55.
    • (2006) BMJ , vol.332 , pp. 749-755
    • Latthe, P.1    Mignini, L.2    Gray, R.3    Hills, R.4    Khan, K.5
  • 8
    • 49249090674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancing the sexual function of women living with chronic pain: A cognitive-behavioural treatment group
    • Breton A, Miller CM, Fisher K. Enhancing the sexual function of women living with chronic pain: A cognitive-behavioural treatment group. Pain Res Manag 2008; 13: 219-24.
    • (2008) Pain Res Manag , vol.13 , pp. 219-224
    • Breton, A.1    Miller, C.M.2    Fisher, K.3
  • 9
    • 40349115937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of pelvic floor physical therapy in the treatment of pelvic and genital pain-related sexual dysfunction (CME)
    • Rosenbaum TY, Owens A. The role of pelvic floor physical therapy in the treatment of pelvic and genital pain-related sexual dysfunction (CME). J Sex Med 2008; 5: 513-23.
    • (2008) J Sex Med , vol.5 , pp. 513-523
    • Rosenbaum, T.Y.1    Owens, A.2
  • 10
    • 20144382630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revised definitions of women's sexual dysfunction
    • Basson R, Leiblum S, Brotto L, et al. Revised definitions of women's sexual dysfunction. J Sex Med 2004; 1: 40-8.
    • (2004) J Sex Med , vol.1 , pp. 40-48
    • Basson, R.1    Leiblum, S.2    Brotto, L.3
  • 12
    • 0004045029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moore P and Naumann M, Ed, Massachusetts; Blackwell Science
    • Jost W. In: Moore P and Naumann M, Ed, Handbook of botulinum toxin treatment. Massachusetts; Blackwell Science 2003; 360-380.
    • (2003) Handbook of botulinum toxin treatment , pp. 360-380
    • Jost, W.1
  • 14
    • 0031015801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of vaginismus with botulinum toxin injections
    • Brin MF, Vapnek JM. Treatment of vaginismus with botulinum toxin injections. Lancet 1997; 349: 252-3.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 252-253
    • Brin, M.F.1    Vapnek, J.M.2
  • 15
    • 0037057981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of the pelvic floor muscles in vaginismus: A concept of pathogenesis
    • Shafik A, ElShibai O. Study of the pelvic floor muscles in vaginismus: a concept of pathogenesis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2002; 105: 67-70.
    • (2002) Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol , vol.105 , pp. 67-70
    • Shafik, A.1    ElShibai, O.2
  • 17
    • 22344451246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of functional electrical stimulation-biofeedback with sexual cognitive-behavioral therapy as treatment of vaginismus
    • Seo JT, Choe JH, Lee WS, Kim KH. Efficacy of functional electrical stimulation-biofeedback with sexual cognitive-behavioral therapy as treatment of vaginismus. Urology 2005; 66: 77-81.
    • (2005) Urology , vol.66 , pp. 77-81
    • Seo, J.T.1    Choe, J.H.2    Lee, W.S.3    Kim, K.H.4
  • 18
    • 30944449954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bashh Special Interest Group for Sexual Dysfunction. Recommendations for the management of vaginismus: BASHH Special Interest Group for Sexual Dysfunction
    • Crowley T, Richardson D, Goldmeier D. Bashh Special Interest Group for Sexual Dysfunction. Recommendations for the management of vaginismus: BASHH Special Interest Group for Sexual Dysfunction. Int J STD AIDS 2006; 17:14-8.
    • (2006) Int J STD AIDS , vol.17 , pp. 14-18
    • Crowley, T.1    Richardson, D.2    Goldmeier, D.3
  • 19
    • 33645356963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive-behavioral therapy for women with lifelong vaginismus: A randomized waiting-list controlled trial of efficacy
    • van Lankveld JJ, ter Kuile MM, de Groot HE, Melles F, Nefs J, Zandbergen M. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for women with lifelong vaginismus: a randomized waiting-list controlled trial of efficacy. J Consult Clin Psychol 2606; 74: 168-78.
    • J Consult Clin Psychol , vol.2606 , Issue.74 , pp. 168-178
    • van Lankveld, J.J.1    ter Kuile, M.M.2    de Groot, H.E.3    Melles, F.4    Nefs, J.5    Zandbergen, M.6
  • 20
    • 0025806078 scopus 로고
    • Vulvar vestibulitis: Prevalence and historic features in a general gynecologic practice population
    • Goetsch MF. Vulvar vestibulitis: prevalence and historic features in a general gynecologic practice population. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991; 164: 1609-16.
    • (1991) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.164 , pp. 1609-1616
    • Goetsch, M.F.1
  • 21
    • 0036220940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vestibular tactile and pain thresholds in women with vulvar vestibulitis syndrome
    • Pukall CF, Binik YM, Khalifè S, et al. Vestibular tactile and pain thresholds in women with vulvar vestibulitis syndrome. Pain 2002; 96: 163-75.
    • (2002) Pain , vol.96 , pp. 163-175
    • Pukall, C.F.1    Binik, Y.M.2    Khalifè, S.3
  • 22
    • 3242733915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative sensory testing in vulvodynia patients and increased peripheral pressure pain sensitivity
    • Giesecke J, Reed BD, Haefner HK, et al. Quantitative sensory testing in vulvodynia patients and increased peripheral pressure pain sensitivity. Obstet Gynecol 2004; 104: 126-33.
    • (2004) Obstet Gynecol , vol.104 , pp. 126-133
    • Giesecke, J.1    Reed, B.D.2    Haefner, H.K.3
  • 24
    • 33745214239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulvodynia: A state-of-the-art consensus on definitions, diagnosis and management
    • Bachmann GA, Rosen R, Pinn VW, et al. Vulvodynia: a state-of-the-art consensus on definitions, diagnosis and management. J Reprod Med 2006; 51: 447-56
    • (2006) J Reprod Med , vol.51 , pp. 447-456
    • Bachmann, G.A.1    Rosen, R.2    Pinn, V.W.3
  • 25
    • 36248929871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulvodynia: New thoughts on a devastating condition
    • Gunter J. Vulvodynia: new thoughts on a devastating condition. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2007; 62: 812-9.
    • (2007) Obstet Gynecol Surv , vol.62 , pp. 812-819
    • Gunter, J.1
  • 27
    • 2442678114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulval vestibulitis
    • Munday P, Buchan A. Vulval vestibulitis. BMJ 2004; 328: 1214-5.
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.328 , pp. 1214-1215
    • Munday, P.1    Buchan, A.2
  • 28
    • 1842631146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulvar vestibulitis syndrome: Clinical approach
    • Graziottin A, Brotto L. Vulvar vestibulitis syndrome: clinical approach. J Sex Marital Ther 2004; 30: 125-39.
    • (2004) J Sex Marital Ther , vol.30 , pp. 125-139
    • Graziottin, A.1    Brotto, L.2
  • 29
    • 5644227353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperinnervation and mast cell activation may be used as histopathologic diagnostic criteria for vulvar vestibulitis
    • Bornstein J, Goldschmid N, Sabo E. Hyperinnervation and mast cell activation may be used as histopathologic diagnostic criteria for vulvar vestibulitis. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2004; 58: 171-8
    • (2004) Gynecol Obstet Invest , vol.58 , pp. 171-178
    • Bornstein, J.1    Goldschmid, N.2    Sabo, E.3
  • 30
    • 18944371958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The major histopathologic characteristics in the vulvar vestibulitis syndrome.1
    • Halperin R, Zehavi S, Vaknin Z, et al. The major histopathologic characteristics in the vulvar vestibulitis syndrome.1: Gynecol Obstet Invest 2005; 59: 75-9.
    • (2005) Gynecol Obstet Invest , vol.59 , pp. 75-79
    • Halperin, R.1    Zehavi, S.2    Vaknin, Z.3
  • 31
    • 53649100844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mastcells and their role in bridging chronic inflammation and neuropathic pain
    • Goldstein A, Pukall C, Goldstein I, Eds, Blackwell Publishing, accepted
    • Graziottin A. Mastcells and their role in bridging chronic inflammation and neuropathic pain. In: Goldstein A, Pukall C, Goldstein I. (Eds), Female Sexual Pain Disorders: Evaluation and Management, Blackwell Publishing 2008 (accepted).
    • (2008) Female Sexual Pain Disorders: Evaluation and Management
    • Graziottin, A.1
  • 32
    • 33745186586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual pain disorders: Management by anesthetic blocks
    • Goldstein I. Meston C. Davis S. Traish A, Eds, Taylor and Francis, London, UK
    • Vincenti E. Graziottin A. Sexual pain disorders: management by anesthetic blocks. In: Goldstein I. Meston C. Davis S. Traish A. (Eds), Women's Sexual Function and Dysfunction: Study, Diagnosis and Treatment, Taylor and Francis, London, UK, 2006; 524-528.
    • (2006) Women's Sexual Function and Dysfunction: Study, Diagnosis and Treatment , pp. 524-528
    • Vincenti, E.1    Graziottin, A.2
  • 33
    • 37349101953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilevel local anesthetic nerve blockade for the treatment of vulvar vestibulitis syndrome
    • Rapkin AJ, McDonald JS, Morgan M. Multilevel local anesthetic nerve blockade for the treatment of vulvar vestibulitis syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 198: 41.
    • (2008) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.198 , pp. 41
    • Rapkin, A.J.1    McDonald, J.S.2    Morgan, M.3
  • 34
    • 34547095014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgery combined with muscle therapy for dyspareunia from vulvar vestibulitis: An observational study
    • Goetsch MF. Surgery combined with muscle therapy for dyspareunia from vulvar vestibulitis: an observational study. J Reprod Med 2007; 52: 597-603.
    • (2007) J Reprod Med , vol.52 , pp. 597-603
    • Goetsch, M.F.1
  • 35
    • 33747638626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical treatment of vulvar vestibulitis syndrome: Outcome assessment derived from a postoperative questionnaire
    • Goldstein AT, Klingman D, Christopher K, Johnson C, Marinoff SC. Surgical treatment of vulvar vestibulitis syndrome: outcome assessment derived from a postoperative questionnaire. J Sex Med 2006; 3: 923-31.
    • (2006) J Sex Med , vol.3 , pp. 923-931
    • Goldstein, A.T.1    Klingman, D.2    Christopher, K.3    Johnson, C.4    Marinoff, S.C.5
  • 36
    • 0018901429 scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin injection into extraocular muscles as an alternative to strabismus surgery
    • Scott AB. Botulinum toxin injection into extraocular muscles as an alternative to strabismus surgery. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1980; 17: 21-5.
    • (1980) J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus , vol.17 , pp. 21-25
    • Scott, A.B.1
  • 37
    • 0031955695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current concept on the clinical features, aetiology and management of idiopathic cervical dystonia
    • Dauer WT, Burke RE, Greene P, Fahn S. Current concept on the clinical features, aetiology and management of idiopathic cervical dystonia. Brain 1998; 121: 547-60.
    • (1998) Brain , vol.121 , pp. 547-560
    • Dauer, W.T.1    Burke, R.E.2    Greene, P.3    Fahn, S.4
  • 38
    • 48249154202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the use of botulinum toxin in the chronic pain setting-a review of the literature
    • May 23
    • Jeynes LC, Gauci CA. Evidence for the use of botulinum toxin in the chronic pain setting-a review of the literature. Pain Pract 2008 May 23.
    • (2008) Pain Pract
    • Jeynes, L.C.1    Gauci, C.A.2
  • 39
    • 43149084857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Botulinum neurotoxin in the treatment of autonomic disorders and pain (an evidence-based review): Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Naumann M, So Y, Argoff CE, Childers, et al. Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Botulinum neurotoxin in the treatment of autonomic disorders and pain (an evidence-based review): report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2008; 70: 1707-14.
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.70 , pp. 1707-1714
    • Naumann, M.1    So, Y.2    Argoff, C.E.3    Childers4
  • 40
    • 43149083728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Assessment: Botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of movement disorders (an evidence-based review): report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Simpson DM, Blitzer A, Brashear A, et al. Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Assessment: Botulinum neurotoxin for the treatment of movement disorders (an evidence-based review): report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2008; 70: 1699-706.
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.70 , pp. 1699-1706
    • Simpson, D.M.1    Blitzer, A.2    Brashear, A.3
  • 41
    • 43149099933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Assessment: Botulinum nourotoxin for the treatment of spasticity (an evidence-based review): report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Simpson DM, Gracies JM, Graham HK, et al. Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Assessment: Botulinum nourotoxin for the treatment of spasticity (an evidence-based review): report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2008; 70:1691-8.
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.70 , pp. 1691-1698
    • Simpson, D.M.1    Gracies, J.M.2    Graham, H.K.3
  • 42
    • 33747192633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin for gastrointestinal disorders: Therapy and mechanisms
    • Vittal H, Pasricha PF. Botulinum toxin for gastrointestinal disorders: therapy and mechanisms. Neurotox Res 2006; 9: 149-59.
    • (2006) Neurotox Res , vol.9 , pp. 149-159
    • Vittal, H.1    Pasricha, P.F.2
  • 43
    • 17144377560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin: Mechanisms of action
    • Dressler D, Adib Saberi F. Botulinum toxin: mechanisms of action. Eur Neurol 2005; 53: 3-9.
    • (2005) Eur Neurol , vol.53 , pp. 3-9
    • Dressler, D.1    Adib Saberi, F.2
  • 44
    • 0034213029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capsaicin-stimulated release of substance P from cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons: Involvement of two distinct mechanisms
    • Purkiss J, Welch M, Doward S, Foster K. Capsaicin-stimulated release of substance P from cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons: involvement of two distinct mechanisms. Biochem Pharmacol 2000; 59: 1403-6.
    • (2000) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.59 , pp. 1403-1406
    • Purkiss, J.1    Welch, M.2    Doward, S.3    Foster, K.4
  • 45
    • 34548567008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synaptobrevin I mediates exocytosis of CGRP from sensory neurons and inhibition by botulinum toxins reflects their anti-nociceptive potential
    • Meng J, Wang J, Lawrence G, Dolly JO. Synaptobrevin I mediates exocytosis of CGRP from sensory neurons and inhibition by botulinum toxins reflects their anti-nociceptive potential. J Cell Sci 2007; 120: 2864-74.
    • (2007) J Cell Sci , vol.120 , pp. 2864-2874
    • Meng, J.1    Wang, J.2    Lawrence, G.3    Dolly, J.O.4
  • 47
    • 1242308352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pilot study of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain associated with spasm of the levator ani muscles
    • Jarvis SK, Abbott JA, Lenart MB, Steensma A, Vancaillie TG. Pilot study of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain associated with spasm of the levator ani muscles. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2004; 44: 46-50.
    • (2004) Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.44 , pp. 46-50
    • Jarvis, S.K.1    Abbott, J.A.2    Lenart, M.B.3    Steensma, A.4    Vancaillie, T.G.5
  • 48
    • 13244287836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX) as treatment for intractable chronic pelvic pain associated with spasm of the levator ani muscles
    • Thomson AJ, Jarvis SK, Lenart M, Abbott JA, Vancaillie TG. The use of botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX) as treatment for intractable chronic pelvic pain associated with spasm of the levator ani muscles. BJOG 2005; 112: 247-9.
    • (2005) BJOG , vol.112 , pp. 247-249
    • Thomson, A.J.1    Jarvis, S.K.2    Lenart, M.3    Abbott, J.A.4    Vancaillie, T.G.5
  • 49
    • 33749344911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin type A for chronic pain and pelvic floor spasm in women: A randomized controlled trial
    • Abbott JA, Jarvis SK, Lyons SD, Thomson A, Vancaille TG. Botulinum toxin type A for chronic pain and pelvic floor spasm in women: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 108: 915-23.
    • (2006) Obstet Gynecol , vol.108 , pp. 915-923
    • Abbott, J.A.1    Jarvis, S.K.2    Lyons, S.D.3    Thomson, A.4    Vancaille, T.G.5
  • 50
    • 0034027865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginismus: Results of treatment with botulin toxin
    • Shafik A, El-Sibai O. Vaginismus: results of treatment with botulin toxin. J Obstet Gynaecol 2000; 20: 300-2.
    • (2000) J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.20 , pp. 300-302
    • Shafik, A.1    El-Sibai, O.2
  • 51
    • 16244387919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin in the treatment of refractory vaginismus
    • Ghazizadeh S, Nikzad M. Botulinum toxin in the treatment of refractory vaginismus. Obstet Gynecol 2004; 104: 922-25.
    • (2004) Obstet Gynecol , vol.104 , pp. 922-925
    • Ghazizadeh, S.1    Nikzad, M.2
  • 52
    • 3042737902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin a for vulvodynia: A case report
    • Gunter J, Brewer A, Tawfik O. Botulinum toxin a for vulvodynia: a case report. J Pain 2004; 5: 238-40.
    • (2004) J Pain , vol.5 , pp. 238-240
    • Gunter, J.1    Brewer, A.2    Tawfik, O.3
  • 53
    • 33748034769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subjective and objective outcomes of botulinum toxin type A treatment in vestibulodynia: Pilot data
    • Brown CS, Glazer HI, Vogt V, Menkes D, Bachmann G. Subjective and objective outcomes of botulinum toxin type A treatment in vestibulodynia: pilot data. J Reprod Med 2006; 51: 635-41.
    • (2006) J Reprod Med , vol.51 , pp. 635-641
    • Brown, C.S.1    Glazer, H.I.2    Vogt, V.3    Menkes, D.4    Bachmann, G.5
  • 54
    • 33745198231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of provoked vestibulodynia: An open-label, pilot study
    • Dykstra DD, Presthus J. Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of provoked vestibulodynia: an open-label, pilot study. J Reprod Med 2006; 51: 467-70.
    • (2006) J Reprod Med , vol.51 , pp. 467-470
    • Dykstra, D.D.1    Presthus, J.2
  • 55
    • 33846056669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin A for the management of vulvodynia
    • Yoon H, Chung WS, Shim BS. Botulinum toxin A for the management of vulvodynia. Int J Impot Res 2007; 19: 84-7.
    • (2007) Int J Impot Res , vol.19 , pp. 84-87
    • Yoon, H.1    Chung, W.S.2    Shim, B.S.3
  • 56
    • 33745985146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
    • American Psychiatric Association, Fourth Edition, Washington, DC: Author
    • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision. Washington, DC: Author, 2000.
    • (2000) Text Revision
  • 57
    • 0032960345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does vaginismus exist? A critical review of the literature
    • Reissing ED, Binik YM, Khalife S. Does vaginismus exist? A critical review of the literature. J Nerv Ment Dis 1999; 187: 261-74.
    • (1999) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.187 , pp. 261-274
    • Reissing, E.D.1    Binik, Y.M.2    Khalife, S.3
  • 58
    • 2342528403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal Spasm, Pain, and Behavior: An Empirical Investigation of the Diagnosis of Vaginismus
    • Reissing ED, Binik YM, Khalifé S, et al. Vaginal Spasm, Pain, and Behavior: An Empirical Investigation of the Diagnosis of Vaginismus. Arch Sex Behav 2004; 33: 5-17.
    • (2004) Arch Sex Behav , vol.33 , pp. 5-17
    • Reissing, E.D.1    Binik, Y.M.2    Khalifé, S.3
  • 60
    • 33750502021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experience with type A botulinum toxin for treatment of outlet-type constipation
    • Maria G, Cadeddu F, Brandara F, Marniga G, Brisinda G. Experience with type A botulinum toxin for treatment of outlet-type constipation. Am J Gastroenterol 2006; 101: 2570-5.
    • (2006) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.101 , pp. 2570-2575
    • Maria, G.1    Cadeddu, F.2    Brandara, F.3    Marniga, G.4    Brisinda, G.5
  • 62
    • 39149131703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum A toxin intravesical. injection in patients with painful bladder syndrome: 1-year followup
    • Giannantoni A, Porena M, Costantini E, Zucchi A, Mearini L, Mearini E. Botulinum A toxin intravesical. injection in patients with painful bladder syndrome: 1-year followup. J Urol 2008; 179: 1031-4.
    • (2008) J Urol , vol.179 , pp. 1031-1034
    • Giannantoni, A.1    Porena, M.2    Costantini, E.3    Zucchi, A.4    Mearini, L.5    Mearini, E.6
  • 63
    • 36849046632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravesical botulinum toxin type A in chronic interstitial cystitis: Results of a pilot study
    • Ramsay AK, Small DR, Conn IG. Intravesical botulinum toxin type A in chronic interstitial cystitis: results of a pilot study. Surgeon 2007; 5: 331-3.
    • (2007) Surgeon , vol.5 , pp. 331-333
    • Ramsay, A.K.1    Small, D.R.2    Conn, I.G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.