Cardiorespiratory and power adaptations to stimulated cycle training in paraplegia

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

Volumn 40, Issue 9, 2008, Pages 1573-1580

  Berry, Helen Russell ^a   Perret, Claudio ^b   Saunders, Benjamin A ^a   Kakebeeke, Tanja H ^b   Donaldson, Nick De N ^c   Allan, David B ^d   Hunt, Kenneth J ^a,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^b SWISS PARAPLEGIC RESEARCH   (Switzerland)

^c UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^d QUEEN ELIZABETH UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cardiopulmonary fitness; Exercise training; Fes; Power output; Spinal cord injury

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CYCLING; DISABLED PERSON; ENDURANCE; EXERCISE; FEMALE; FITNESS; FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION; HUMAN; MALE; OXYGEN CONCENTRATION; PARAPLEGIA; RESPIRATORY SYSTEM; SPINAL CORD INJURY; TRAINING;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ADULT; BICYCLING; ELECTRIC STIMULATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PARAPLEGIA; PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE; PHYSICAL FITNESS; SPINAL CORD INJURIES;

EID: 53549104503     PISSN: 01959131     EISSN: 15300315     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318176b2f4     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. American College Sports Medicine. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 6th ed. Baltimore (MD): Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2000. 137 p.
2. Arnold PB, McVey PP, Farrell WJ, Deurloo TM, Grasso AR. Functional electric stimulation: its efficacy and safety in improving pulmonary function and musculoskeletal fitness. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1992;73:665-8.
3. Barstow TJ, Scremin AM, Mutton DL, Kunkel CF, Cagle TG, Whipp BJ. Changes in gas exchange kinetics with training in patients with spinal cord injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996;28(10):1221-8.
4. Buchfuhrer MJ, Hansen JE, Robinson TE, Sue DY, Wasserman K, Whipp BJ. Optimizing the exercise protocol for cardiopulmo-nary assessment. J Appl Physiol. 1983;55:1558-64.
5. Burnham RS, May L, Nelson E, Steadward R, Reid DC. Shoulder pain in wheelchair athletes. The role of muscle imbalance. Am J Sports Med. 1993;21(2):238-42.
6. Ferrario C, Hunt KJ, Grant S, McLean AN, Fraser MH, Allan DB. Control approach for high sensitivity cardiopulmonary exercise testing during stimulated cycle ergometry in spinal cord injured subjects. Biomed Signal Process Control. 2007;2(2):311-22.
7. Figoni SF, Rodgers MM, Glaser RM, et al. Physiologic responses of paraplegics and quadriplegics to passive and active leg cycle ergometry. J Am Paraplegia Soc. 1990;13(3):33-9.
8. Gföhler M, Angeli T, Eberharter T, Lugner P, Mayr W, Hofer C. Test bed with force-measuring crank for static and dynamic investigations on cycling by means of functional electrical stimulation. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2001;9(2):169-80.
9. Goss FL, McDermott A, Robertson RJ. Changes in peak oxygen uptake following computerized functional electrical stimulation in the spinal cord injured. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1992;63(1):76-9.
10. Grafen A, Hails R. Modern Statistics for the Life Sciences. New York (NY): Oxford University Press; 2002. 142 p.
11. Gregory CM, Bickel CS. Recruitment patterns in human skeletal muscle during electrical stimulation. Phys Ther. 2005;85(4):358-64.
12. Heesterbeek P, Berkelmans H, Thyssen D, van Kuppeveit H, Hopman M, Duysens J. Increased physical fitness after 4-week training on a new hybrid FES-cycle in persons with spinal cord injury. Technol Disabil. 2005;17:103-10.
13. Hooker SP, Figoni SF, Rodgers MM, et al. Physiologic effects of electrical stimulation leg cycle exercise training in spinal cord injured persons. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1992;73(5):470-6.
14. Hunt KJ, Saunders BA, Perret C, et al. Energetics of paraplegic cycling: a new theoretical framework and efficiency characterisation for untrained subjects. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2007;101(3):277-85.
15. Hunt KJ, Stone B, Negard NO, et al. Control strategies for integration of electric motor assist and functional electrical stimulation in paraplegic cycling: utility for exercise testing and mobile cycling. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2004; 12(1): 89-101.
16. Janssen TW, Dallmeijer AJ, Veeger DJ, Woude LH. Normative values and determinants of physical capacity in individuals with spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2002;39(1):29-39.
17. Janssen TW, Glaser RM, Shuster DB. Clinical efficacy of electrical stimulation exercise training: effects on health, fitness, and function. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil. 1998;3:33-49.
18. Kakebeeke TH, Hofer PJ, Frotzler A, Lechner HE, Hunt KJ, Perret C. Training and detraining of a tetraplegic subject by means of high volume FES cycle training: a single case study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;87(1):56-64.
19. Krauss JC, Robergs RA, Depaepe JL, et al. Effects of electrical stimulation and upper body training after spinal cord injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1993;25(9):1054-61.
20. Mohr T, Andersen JL, Biering-Sorensen F, et al. Long-term adaptation to electrically induced cycle training in severe spinal cord injured individuals. Spinal Cord. 1997;35(1):1-16.
21. Mutton D, Scremin A, Barstow T, Scott M, Kunkel C, Cagle T. Physiologic responses during functional electrical stimulation leg cycling and hybrid exercise in spinal cord injured subjects. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1997;78:712-8.
22. Myers J, Lee M, Kiratli J. Cardiovascular disease in spinal cord injury: an overview of prevalence, risk, evaluation, and management. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;86(2):142-52.
23. Petrofsky JS, Hcaton H 3rd, Phillips CA. Outdoor bicycle for exercise in paraplegics and quadriplegics. J Biomed Eng. 1983;5(4):292-6.
24. Petrofsky JS, Smith J. Three-wheel cycle ergometer for use by men and women with paralysis. Med Biol Eng Comput. 1992;30(3):364-9.
25. Perte D. Activity-dependent adaptive responses of skeletal muscle fibers. In: Mooren C, Volker C, editors. Molecular and Cellular Exercise Physiology. Champaign (IL): Human Kinetics; 2005. p. 263.
26. Pollack SF, Axen K, Spielholz N, Levin N, Haas F, Ragnarsson KT. Aerobic training effects of electrically induced lower extremity exercises in spinal cord injured people. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1989;70(3):214-9.
27. Ragnarsson KT, Pollack S, O'Daniel W Jr, Edgar R, Petrofsky J, Nash MS. Clinical evaluation of computerized functional electrical stimulation after spinal cord injury: a multicenter pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1988;69(9):672-7.
28. Raymond J, Davis GM, Climstein M, Sutton JR. Cardiorespir-atory responses to arm cranking and electrical stimulation leg cycling in people with paraplegia. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31(6):822-8.
29. Röecker K, Prettin S, Sorichter S. Gas exchange measurements with high temporal resolution: the breath by breath approach. Int J Sports Med. 2005;26(Suppl 1):S11-8
30. Theisen D, Fomusek C, Raymond J, Davis GM. External power output changes during prolonged cycling with electrical stimulation. J Rehabil Med. 2002;34(4):171-5.
31. Vanhatolo A, Doust JH, Burnley M. Determination of critical power using a 3-min all-out cycling test. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007;39(3):548-55.
32. Warburton DE, Nicol CW, Bredin SD. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. CMAJ. 2006;174(6):801-9.